Abstract
Standard germination tests at 20°c showed that seed of wheat and barley treated with the fungicides captan, captan + fuberidazole, thiram, carboxin, and carboxin + thiram at rates of 0.1, 0.2, and 0.4% active ingredient could be safely stored for up to 12 months after treatment without any adverse effects on germination. Germination of barley seed treated with carboxin and carboxin + thiram was significantly reduced after 18 months' storage, and the germination of captan‐treated wheat seed was significantly reduced after 24 months' storage. When germination temperatures were reduced from 20°c to 15°c and 10°c the germination of both cereals declined after storing treated seed for 18 and 24 months. Germination failures were due to an increase in the number of abnormal seedlings, mainly premature splitting of the coleoptile. Vigour of treated wheat seed, as determined by seedling plumule length, increased during the first 3 months' storage, then declined slowly until 24 months' storage, by which time vigour was significantly decreased. Seed treatment did not significantly affect the vigour of fungicide‐treated stored barley seed.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Treated wheat and barley seed maintained germination for up to 12 months.
- Taxon
- wheat and barley
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Hordeum vulgare
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- captan, captan + fuberidazole, thiram, carboxin, and carboxin + thiram at rates of 0.1, 0.2, and 0.4% active ingrediente0
- Outcome
- germinatione0
- Direction
- without any adverse effectse0
- Qualifier
- up to 12 monthse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“seed of wheat and barley treated with the fungicides captan, captan + fuberidazole, thiram, carboxin, and carboxin + thiram at rates of 0.1, 0.2, and 0.4% active ingredient could be safely stored for up to 12 months after treatment without any adverse effects on germination”
Claim · model-written summary
Barley germination declined after 18 months of carboxin treatment and storage.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Treatment
- carboxine0
- Outcome
- Germinatione0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- after 18 months' storagee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Germination of barley seed treated with carboxin and carboxin + thiram was significantly reduced after 18 months' storage”
Claim · model-written summary
Barley germination declined after 18 months of carboxin plus thiram treatment and storage.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Treatment
- carboxin + thirame0
- Outcome
- Germinatione0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Germination of barley seed treated with carboxin and carboxin + thiram was significantly reduced after 18 months' storage”
Claim · model-written summary
Captan-treated wheat seed germination declined after 24 months.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- captane0
- Outcome
- germinatione0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“germination of captan‐treated wheat seed was significantly reduced after 24 months' storage”
Claim · model-written summary
Lower germination temperatures reduced germination of stored cereals.
- Taxon
- wheat and barleyHordeum vulgareTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- 15°c and 10°ce0
- Outcome
- germinatione0
- Direction
- declinede0
- Comparator
- 20°ce0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When germination temperatures were reduced from 20°c to 15°c and 10°c the germination of both cereals declined after storing treated seed for 18 and 24 months.”
e1“seed of wheat and barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Germination failures reflected more abnormal seedlings, principally premature coleoptile splitting.
- Taxon
- wheat and barleyHordeum vulgareTriticum aestivume1
- Outcome
- Germination failurese0
- Qualifier
- increase in the number of abnormal seedlings, mainly premature splitting of the coleoptilee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Germination failures were due to an increase in the number of abnormal seedlings, mainly premature splitting of the coleoptile.”
e1“seed of wheat and barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Treated wheat seed vigour increased during the first three months of storage.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- Vigoure0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- first 3 months' storagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Vigour of treated wheat seed, as determined by seedling plumule length, increased during the first 3 months' storage”
Claim · model-written summary
Treated wheat seed vigour then declined through 24 months.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Outcome
- vigoure0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“then declined slowly until 24 months' storage, by which time vigour was significantly decreased”
e1“Vigour of treated wheat seed”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed treatment did not significantly affect stored barley seed vigour.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Treatment
- Seed treatmente0
- Outcome
- vigoure0
- Direction
- did not significantly affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seed treatment did not significantly affect the vigour of fungicide‐treated stored barley seed.”
The same questions in other papers
thiram · growth · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
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captan · growth · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
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carboxin · growth · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Positive and negative results
2 in the opposite direction
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carboxin · growth · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
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See all 58 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.