Abstract
Abstract Low‐input production of barley on the predominantly calcareous soils in most countries of West Asia and North Africa is affected by drought and a low availability of P and Zn. Especially during the early growth stages, P and Zn deficiencies retard seedling growth, rendering the young plantlets particularly sensitive to the frequently encountered dry spells. Seed priming (soaking in water and drying back to storage moisture until use) has been shown to improve crop establishment and, in some instances, to increase crop yields. While increased seedling vigor will improve barley establishment, possible benefits are likely to be limited when P and Zn are deficient. A promising variation of the priming concept is the seed treatment with solutions containing the limiting nutrient. A series of experiments was conducted in a phytotron in 2003 to develop a nutrient‐priming approach to foster the establishment of barley under marginal growing conditions. Seeds of the traditional barley cultivar Arabi aswad were soaked for 0–48 hours in water and for 12 hours in solutions containing 5–500 mM P, Zn, and P+Zn, and dried back to 12% moisture until further use. Seeds were incubated at 10°C, and germination was evaluated over a 6‐ to 8‐day period. Additionally, growth and nutrient uptake of 4‐week‐old seedlings, grown at 25% and 100% field capacity in a typical Xerosol from Syria were evaluated. Water priming for 12 hours with subsequent seed storage of up to 9 weeks increased germination rate from 65% to 95%, and advanced germination by up to 3 days compared to unprimed seeds. Addition of 10 mM Zn and 50 mM P to the priming solution increased the P and Zn content of the seeds without affecting germination. It furthermore significantly stimulated growth and P and Zn uptake by 4‐week‐old seedlings and improved the water use efficiency of drought‐stressed plants by 44% above that of unprimed seeds.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Water priming for 12 hours increased germination rate of barley seeds from 65% to 95% compared with unprimed seeds.
- Taxon
- barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaret0 - Material
- Arabi aswade0
- Treatment
- Water priming for 12 hourse1
- Outcome
- germination ratee1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- from 65% to 95%e1
- Comparator
- unprimed seedse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“Seed priming enhances germination and seedling growth of barley under conditions of P and Zn deficiency”
e0“Seeds of the traditional barley cultivar Arabi aswad were soaked for 0–48 hours in water and for 12 hours in solutions containing 5–500 mM P, Zn, and P+Zn, and dried back to 12% moisture until further use”
e1“Water priming for 12 hours with subsequent seed storage of up to 9 weeks increased germination rate from 65% to 95%, and advanced germination by up to 3 days compared to unprimed seeds”
Claim · model-written summary
Water priming for 12 hours advanced germination of barley seeds by up to 3 days compared with unprimed seeds.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- Water priming for 12 hourse1
- Outcome
- germinatione1
- Direction
- advancede1
- Value
- up to 3 dayse1
- Comparator
- unprimed seedse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Seed priming enhances germination and seedling growth of barley under conditions of P and Zn deficiency”
e1“Water priming for 12 hours with subsequent seed storage of up to 9 weeks increased germination rate from 65% to 95%, and advanced germination by up to 3 days compared to unprimed seeds”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding 10 mM Zn and 50 mM P to the priming solution increased the P and Zn content of barley seeds.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- Addition of 10 mM Zn and 50 mM P to the priming solutione2
- Outcome
- P and Zn content of the seedse2
- Direction
- increasede2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Seed priming enhances germination and seedling growth of barley under conditions of P and Zn deficiency”
e2“Addition of 10 mM Zn and 50 mM P to the priming solution increased the P and Zn content of the seeds without affecting germination”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding 10 mM Zn and 50 mM P to the priming solution did not affect germination of barley seeds.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- Addition of 10 mM Zn and 50 mM P to the priming solutione2
- Outcome
- germinatione2
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Seed priming enhances germination and seedling growth of barley under conditions of P and Zn deficiency”
e2“Addition of 10 mM Zn and 50 mM P to the priming solution increased the P and Zn content of the seeds without affecting germination”
Claim · model-written summary
Priming with 10 mM Zn and 50 mM P significantly stimulated growth and P and Zn uptake of 4-week-old barley seedlings.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Organ / stage
- 4-week-old seedlingse3
- Treatment
- Addition of 10 mM Zn and 50 mM P to the priming solutione2
- Outcome
- growth and P and Zn uptakee3
- Direction
- stimulatede3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Seed priming enhances germination and seedling growth of barley under conditions of P and Zn deficiency”
e2“Addition of 10 mM Zn and 50 mM P to the priming solution increased the P and Zn content of the seeds without affecting germination”
e3“It furthermore significantly stimulated growth and P and Zn uptake by 4-week-old seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Priming with 10 mM Zn and 50 mM P improved water use efficiency of drought-stressed barley plants by 44% above that of unprimed seeds.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- Addition of 10 mM Zn and 50 mM P to the priming solutione2
- Outcome
- water use efficiencye4
- Direction
- improvede4
- Value
- 44%e4
- Qualifier
- drought-stressed plantse4
- Comparator
- unprimed seedse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Seed priming enhances germination and seedling growth of barley under conditions of P and Zn deficiency”
e2“Addition of 10 mM Zn and 50 mM P to the priming solution increased the P and Zn content of the seeds without affecting germination”
e4“improved the water use efficiency of drought-stressed plants by 44% above that of unprimed seeds”
The same questions in other papers
zinc atom · physiology: water · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Positive and negative results
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seed treatment · growth · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Positive and negative results
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See all 58 papers →seed treatment · physiology: water · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.