Abstract
This study demonstrates the impact of combined (drought and high light) stress on thylakoid organization in Pea, Pisum sativum. The combined stress significantly reduced gas exchange parameters, indicating compromised photosynthetic activity. Chlorophyll a fluorescence analysis confirmed a decrease in the photochemical efficiency of photosystem (PS)II. This was accompanied by alterations in thylakoid macro-organization, specifically a reduction in PSII-light-harvesting complex (LHC)II supercomplexes and PSII dimers, coupled with an increase in LHCII monomers. This pattern indicates a redistribution of LHCII from tightly assembled PSII supercomplexes into monomeric forms, reflecting a stress-induced disassembly of the antenna system. In response to the combined stress, the plants exhibited photoprotective mechanisms, including increased carotenoid content, accompanied by decreased chlorophyll content. Additionally, elevated reactive oxygen species were observed, likely as a consequence of the stress combination, which contributed to the thylakoid membrane disorganization and a subsequent decline in membrane protein content. The plants also activated protective mechanisms such as increased non-photochemical quenching and elevated PSBS (PS II subunit S) protein levels to mitigate photoinhibition. Furthermore, the thylakoid stacks displayed a looser arrangement under combined stress, potentially due to the observed changes in thylakoid supercomplexes. Both PSI and PSII were equally affected, showing a reduced abundance of proteins under combined stress. Simultaneously, the abundance of antioxidant proteins increased, reflecting the plant's attempt to counteract the oxidative stress.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Combined stress reduced gas exchange parameters.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativum
Lathyrus oleraceust0 - Treatment
- combined stresse0
- Outcome
- gas exchange parameterse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The combined stress significantly reduced gas exchange parameters”
t0“Pisum sativum”
t1“combined drought and light stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined stress decreased PSII photochemical efficiency.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativumLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- combined drought and light stresst1
- Outcome
- photochemical efficiency of photosystem (PS)IIe0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chlorophyll a fluorescence analysis confirmed a decrease in the photochemical efficiency of photosystem (PS)II.”
t0“Pisum sativum”
t1“combined drought and light stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined stress reduced PSII-LHCII supercomplexes and PSII dimers.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativumLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- combined drought and light stresst1
- Outcome
- PSII-light-harvesting complex (LHC)II supercomplexes and PSII dimerse0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a reduction in PSII-light-harvesting complex (LHC)II supercomplexes and PSII dimers”
t0“Pisum sativum”
t1“combined drought and light stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined stress increased LHCII monomers.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativumLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- combined drought and light stresst1
- Outcome
- LHCII monomerse0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an increase in LHCII monomers.”
t0“Pisum sativum”
t1“combined drought and light stress”
Claim · model-written summary
The changes indicated redistribution of LHCII into monomeric forms and antenna disassembly.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativumLathyrus oleraceust0
- Outcome
- redistribution of LHCII from tightly assembled PSII supercomplexes into monomeric formse0
- Qualifier
- stress-induced disassembly of the antenna systeme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This pattern indicates a redistribution of LHCII from tightly assembled PSII supercomplexes into monomeric forms, reflecting a stress-induced disassembly of the antenna system.”
t0“Pisum sativum”
t1“combined drought and light stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined stress increased carotenoid content.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativumLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- combined drought and light stresst1
- Outcome
- carotenoid contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increased carotenoid content, accompanied by decreased chlorophyll content.”
t0“Pisum sativum”
t1“combined drought and light stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined stress decreased chlorophyll content.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativumLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- combined drought and light stresst1
- Outcome
- chlorophyll contente0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increased carotenoid content, accompanied by decreased chlorophyll content.”
t0“Pisum sativum”
t1“combined drought and light stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Reactive oxygen species were elevated under combined stress.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativumLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- stress combinatione0
- Outcome
- reactive oxygen speciese0
- Direction
- elevatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“elevated reactive oxygen species were observed, likely as a consequence of the stress combination”
t0“Pisum sativum”
t1“combined drought and light stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated reactive oxygen species were interpreted as contributing to thylakoid disorganization and membrane protein loss.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativumLathyrus oleraceust0
- Outcome
- thylakoid membrane disorganization and a subsequent decline in membrane protein contente0
- Qualifier
- elevated reactive oxygen speciese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“elevated reactive oxygen species were observed, likely as a consequence of the stress combination, which contributed to the thylakoid membrane disorganization and a subsequent decline in membrane protein content.”
t0“Pisum sativum”
t1“combined drought and light stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Non-photochemical quenching increased under combined stress.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativumLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- combined drought and light stresst1
- Outcome
- non-photochemical quenchinge0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increased non-photochemical quenching and elevated PSBS (PS II subunit S) protein levels”
t0“Pisum sativum”
t1“combined drought and light stress”
Claim · model-written summary
PSBS protein levels rose under combined stress.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativumLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- combined drought and light stresst1
- Gene
- PSBS (PS II subunit S)e0
- Outcome
- PSBS (PS II subunit S) protein levelse0
- Direction
- elevatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increased non-photochemical quenching and elevated PSBS (PS II subunit S) protein levels”
t0“Pisum sativum”
t1“combined drought and light stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Thylakoid stacks were more loosely arranged under combined stress.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativumLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- combined stresse0
- Outcome
- thylakoid stackse0
- Direction
- loosere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the thylakoid stacks displayed a looser arrangement under combined stress”
t0“Pisum sativum”
t1“combined drought and light stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Both PSI and PSII protein abundance declined under combined stress.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativumLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- combined stresse0
- Outcome
- abundance of proteinse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both PSI and PSII were equally affected, showing a reduced abundance of proteins under combined stress.”
t0“Pisum sativum”
t1“combined drought and light stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Antioxidant protein abundance increased.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativumLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- combined drought and light stresst1
- Outcome
- abundance of antioxidant proteinse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the abundance of antioxidant proteins increased”
t0“Pisum sativum”
t1“combined drought and light stress”
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See all 27 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.