Abstract
Summary Nitrate serves as an essential nutrient for plant growth and functions as a signaling molecule that modulates plant growth and development. Shoot branching is known to be responsive to nitrogen levels and associated with the nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), yet the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Through RNA‐seq, we identified NAM3 , which encodes a NAC transcription factor, as a gene responsive to low nitrate levels in tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum ). NAM3 inhibits lateral bud growth by directly promoting the transcription of BRC1 . Meanwhile, NAM3 enhances nitrate accumulation through promoting the expression of the nitrate transporter gene NRT1.7 . Further genetic analysis showed that NAM3's regulation of shoot branching is independent of the expression of NRT1.7 . The Ca 2+ influx and transcription of CIPK1 are induced in response to the low nitrate level. The CBL3‐CIPK1 complex phosphorylates NAM3 at Ser‐183, thereby enhancing its protein stability and strengthening the transcriptional activity of NAM3 on BRC1 and NRT1.7 . Our findings provide evidence that the CIPK1‐regulated NAM3 modulates shoot branching and nitrate accumulation by activating the transcription of BRC1 and NRT1.7 in response to low nitrate levels. The coordination of shoot branching and nitrate accumulation by NAM3 implies that it is a promising genetic modification target for improving NUE.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
NAM3 was identified as responsive to low nitrate in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Treatment
- low nitrate levelse0
- Gene
- NAM3e0
- Outcome
- gene responsive to low nitrate levelse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“we identified NAM3 , which encodes a NAC transcription factor, as a gene responsive to low nitrate levels in tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum )”
Claim · model-written summary
NAM3 inhibited lateral bud growth.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Gene
- NAM3e0
- Outcome
- lateral bud growthe0
- Direction
- inhibitse0
- Qualifier
- directly promoting the transcription of BRC1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“NAM3 inhibits lateral bud growth by directly promoting the transcription of BRC1”
e1“low nitrate levels in tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum )”
Claim · model-written summary
NAM3 directly promoted BRC1 transcription.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Gene
- BRC1e0
- Outcome
- transcription of BRC1e0
- Direction
- promotinge0
- Qualifier
- NAM3e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“NAM3 inhibits lateral bud growth by directly promoting the transcription of BRC1”
e1“low nitrate levels in tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum )”
Claim · model-written summary
NAM3 enhanced nitrate accumulation through NRT1.7 expression.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Gene
- NRT1.7e0
- Outcome
- nitrate accumulatione0
- Direction
- enhancese0
- Qualifier
- promoting the expression of the nitrate transporter gene NRT1.7e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“NAM3 enhances nitrate accumulation through promoting the expression of the nitrate transporter gene NRT1.7”
e1“low nitrate levels in tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum )”
Claim · model-written summary
NAM3 regulation of branching was independent of NRT1.7 expression.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Gene
- NRT1.7e0
- Outcome
- regulation of shoot branchinge0
- Qualifier
- independent of the expression of NRT1.7e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“NAM3's regulation of shoot branching is independent of the expression of NRT1.7”
e1“low nitrate levels in tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum )”
Claim · model-written summary
Low nitrate induced Ca 2+ influx in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- low nitrate levele0
- Outcome
- Ca 2+ influxe0
- Direction
- inducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The Ca 2+ influx and transcription of CIPK1 are induced in response to the low nitrate level.”
e1“low nitrate levels in tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum )”
Claim · model-written summary
Low nitrate induced CIPK1 transcription in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- low nitrate levele0
- Gene
- CIPK1e0
- Outcome
- transcription of CIPK1e0
- Direction
- inducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The Ca 2+ influx and transcription of CIPK1 are induced in response to the low nitrate level.”
e1“low nitrate levels in tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum )”
Claim · model-written summary
The CBL3-CIPK1 complex phosphorylated NAM3 at Ser-183.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Gene
- NAM3e0
- Outcome
- phosphorylates NAM3 at Ser‐183e0
- Qualifier
- CBL3‐CIPK1 complexe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The CBL3‐CIPK1 complex phosphorylates NAM3 at Ser‐183”
e1“low nitrate levels in tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum )”
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphorylation by CBL3-CIPK1 enhanced NAM3 protein stability.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Gene
- NAM3e0
- Outcome
- protein stabilitye0
- Direction
- enhancinge0
- Qualifier
- phosphorylates NAM3 at Ser‐183e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The CBL3‐CIPK1 complex phosphorylates NAM3 at Ser‐183, thereby enhancing its protein stability”
e1“low nitrate levels in tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum )”
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphorylation strengthened NAM3 transcriptional activity on BRC1 and NRT1.7.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume2
- Gene
- NAM3e0
- Outcome
- transcriptional activity of NAM3 on BRC1 and NRT1.7e0
- Direction
- strengtheninge0
- Qualifier
- phosphorylates NAM3 at Ser‐183e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“strengthening the transcriptional activity of NAM3 on BRC1 and NRT1.7”
e1“The CBL3‐CIPK1 complex phosphorylates NAM3 at Ser‐183”
e2“low nitrate levels in tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum )”
Claim · model-written summary
NAM3 was proposed as a genetic modification target for improving nitrogen use efficiency.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Gene
- NAM3e0
- Outcome
- genetic modification target for improving NUEe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The coordination of shoot branching and nitrate accumulation by NAM3 implies that it is a promising genetic modification target for improving NUE.”
e1“low nitrate levels in tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum )”
The same questions in other papers
nitrogen · nutrient: content · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results differ
58 papers in the same direction as this paper · 17 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- no effect
- negative
73 papers more in this group
See all 77 papers →nitrogen · molecular: expression · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- no effect
- negative
4 papers more in this group
See all 8 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.