Abstract
Essential oils (EOs) gained significant attention as they represent a rich source of antioxidant and antimicrobial compounds. Consequently, companies are increasingly exploring methods to alter key metabolites by applying controlled stress, which can influence both EO composition and yield. In this study, sweet basil plants were subjected to monochromatic LED light supplementation, i.e., polychromatic (W), narrowband green (G), blue (B) and red (R), or ozonated water (OW). The extracted EOs were characterized by their chemical composition and tested in vitro against Botrytis cinerea Pers. by incorporating them into Potato Dextrose Agar at concentrations of 400 and 800 µL L −1 of EOs. Results from EOs characterization revealed that different controlled stresses altered chemical class composition or total yield. Under LED light supplementation: (i) W light increased monoterpene hydrocarbons (+62 %) and oxygenated diterpenes (4-fold) percentages; (ii) R light boosted oxygenated monoterpenes (+25 %) and hydrocarbons (+54 %); (iii) G light induced oxygenated diterpenes (more than 4-fold higher); (iv) B light reduced oxygenated monoterpenes (−17 %). All LED supplementations promoted phenylpropanoids biosynthesis, while EO yield remained unchanged. Botrytis cinerea was inhibited by EOs from W, G, B and R light added at 800 µL L −1 (−24, −27, −39 and −30 %, respectively). In contrast, OW irrigation altered the concentration of only few compounds, but increased yield nine-fold compared to control. Notably, the EO extracted from OW-irrigated plants exhibited a strong inhibition of B. cinerea (−71 % at 800 µL L −1 ). In conclusion, the overall presented findings demonstrate that controlled stress modifies basil EO composition while promoting antifungal effect. • Poly- and monochromatic light supplementations modify basil EOs composition. • Ozonated water increases basil EO yield nine-fold. • Light-supplemented and OW-irrigated basil EOs reduce B. cinerea growth. • Mechanism of antifungal activity remains unverified. • Light supplementation and OW are alternative tools for basil EO improvement.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
White light increased monoterpene hydrocarbons by 62 %.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“W light increased monoterpene hydrocarbons (+62 %)”
Claim · model-written summary
White light increased oxygenated diterpenes fourfold.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“W light increased monoterpene hydrocarbons (+62 %) and oxygenated diterpenes (4-fold) percentages”
Claim · model-written summary
Red light boosted oxygenated monoterpenes by 25 %.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“R light boosted oxygenated monoterpenes (+25 %)”
Claim · model-written summary
Red light boosted hydrocarbons by 54 %.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“R light boosted oxygenated monoterpenes (+25 %) and hydrocarbons (+54 %)”
Claim · model-written summary
Green light increased oxygenated diterpenes more than fourfold.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“G light induced oxygenated diterpenes (more than 4-fold higher)”
Claim · model-written summary
Blue light reduced oxygenated monoterpenes by 17 %.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“B light reduced oxygenated monoterpenes (−17 %)”
Claim · model-written summary
All LED supplementations promoted phenylpropanoid biosynthesis.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“All LED supplementations promoted phenylpropanoids biosynthesis”
Claim · model-written summary
Essential oil yield was unchanged under LED supplementation.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“All LED supplementations promoted phenylpropanoids biosynthesis, while EO yield remained unchanged”
Claim · model-written summary
Oil from white-light plants inhibited Botrytis cinerea by 24 % at 800 µL L −1.
- Taxon
- sweet basil
Ocimum basilicume1 - Treatment
- We0
- Interactor
- Botrytis cinerea
Botrytis cinereae0pathogen - Outcome
- Botrytis cinereae0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
- Value
- −24e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Botrytis cinerea was inhibited by EOs from W, G, B and R light added at 800 µL L −1 (−24, −27, −39 and −30 %, respectively)”
e1“sweet basil plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Oil from green-light plants inhibited Botrytis cinerea by 27 % at 800 µL L −1.
- Taxon
- sweet basilOcimum basilicume1
- Treatment
- Ge0
- Interactor
- Botrytis cinereaBotrytis cinereae0pathogen
- Outcome
- Botrytis cinereae0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
- Value
- −27e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Botrytis cinerea was inhibited by EOs from W, G, B and R light added at 800 µL L −1 (−24, −27, −39 and −30 %, respectively)”
e1“sweet basil plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Oil from blue-light plants inhibited Botrytis cinerea by 39 % at 800 µL L −1.
- Taxon
- sweet basilOcimum basilicume1
- Treatment
- Be0
- Interactor
- Botrytis cinereaBotrytis cinereae0pathogen
- Outcome
- Botrytis cinereae0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
- Value
- −39e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Botrytis cinerea was inhibited by EOs from W, G, B and R light added at 800 µL L −1 (−24, −27, −39 and −30 %, respectively)”
e1“sweet basil plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Oil from red-light plants inhibited Botrytis cinerea by 30 % at 800 µL L −1.
- Taxon
- sweet basilOcimum basilicume1
- Treatment
- R lighte0
- Interactor
- Botrytis cinereaBotrytis cinereae0pathogen
- Outcome
- Botrytis cinereae0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
- Value
- −30 %e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Botrytis cinerea was inhibited by EOs from W, G, B and R light added at 800 µL L −1 (−24, −27, −39 and −30 %, respectively)”
e1“sweet basil plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Ozonated-water irrigation increased basil essential-oil yield ninefold versus control.
- Taxon
- sweet basilOcimum basilicume1
- Treatment
- OW irrigatione0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- nine-folde0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“OW irrigation altered the concentration of only few compounds, but increased yield nine-fold compared to control”
e1“sweet basil plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Ozonated-water irrigation altered the concentration of few oil compounds.
- Taxon
- sweet basilOcimum basilicume1
- Treatment
- OW irrigatione0
- Outcome
- concentration of only few compoundse0
- Comparator
- controle0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“OW irrigation altered the concentration of only few compounds, but increased yield nine-fold compared to control”
e1“sweet basil plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Oil from ozonated-water plants inhibited B. cinerea by 71 % at 800 µL L −1.
- Taxon
- sweet basilOcimum basilicume1
- Interactor
- B. cinereaBotrytis cinereae0pathogen
- Outcome
- inhibition of B. cinereae0
- Direction
- inhibitione0
- Value
- −71 %e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“EO extracted from OW-irrigated plants exhibited a strong inhibition of B. cinerea (−71 % at 800 µL L −1 )”
e1“sweet basil plants”
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See all 25 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.