Abstract
Indiscriminate chemical fertilization in paddy fields is causing detrimental global impacts, therefore exploration of bio-based sustainable alternatives to compensate requirement of chemical fertilizers is necessary. This study was designed to evaluate use of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) obtained from roots of a spontaneous weed grass (Panicum maximum), which demonstrated an average AMF root colonization of 75-85%, as self-produced biofertilizer for rice cultivation. Field trial was carried out in paddy field at Monaragala, Sri Lanka. Two traditional rice (Oriza sativa L.) varieties (Suwadel and Kuruluthuda) were selected, and Randomized Complete Block Design was employed with three replicates in eight different treatment plots per block. Different chemical fertilizer regimes (100%, 50% and 25% of recommended fertilizer dose) and no amendments as controls were applied. AMF inocula were applied alone or supplemented to fertilized treatments (100% +AMF, 50% +AMF, 25% +AMF, AMF alone). Treatment plan was implemented separately for two varieties. Rice yield and percentage of AMF root colonization were quantified at harvest. Results revealed that grain dry weight for Suwadel was significantly higher (p<0.05) in treatments supplying AMF in addition with chemical fertilizer at optimal dose (100%) or 50% reduced, compared to other treatments. Highest number of seeds was observed in plants treated with 100% fertilizer, but result was not significantly different (p>0.05) from 50% +AMF and 100% + AMF treatments. Treatments with AMF inocula alone showed highest percentages of AMF colonization in Suwadel. Inverse connection was observed between fertilizer level and AMF colonization. Differently from Suwadel, no AMF colonization was observed in Kuruluthuda variety and no significant differences were observed in harvest for treatments with and without AMF application. According to results, usage of AMF inocula as on-field prepared biofertilizer combined with 50% of chemical fertilizer is effective in improving sustainable agriculture but efficacy of application strictly depends on crop variety.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Suwadel grain dry weight was significantly higher with AMF plus full or half fertilizer than with other treatments.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae1 - Material
- Suwadele0
- Treatment
- AMF in addition with chemical fertilizer at optimal dose (100%) or 50% reducede0
- Interactor
- AMFe2symbiont
- Outcome
- grain dry weighte0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grain dry weight for Suwadel was significantly higher (p<0.05) in treatments supplying AMF in addition with chemical fertilizer at optimal dose (100%) or 50% reduced, compared to other treatments.”
e1“Two traditional rice (Oriza sativa L.) varieties (Suwadel and Kuruluthuda)”
e2“Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF)”
Claim · model-written summary
Full fertilizer produced the highest seed number, without a significant difference from half or full fertilizer plus AMF.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- 100% fertilizere0
- Outcome
- number of seedse0
- Direction
- Higheste0
- Comparator
- 50% +AMF and 100% + AMF treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Highest number of seeds was observed in plants treated with 100% fertilizer, but result was not significantly different (p>0.05) from 50% +AMF and 100% + AMF treatments.”
e1“Two traditional rice (Oriza sativa L.) varieties (Suwadel and Kuruluthuda)”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF inoculum alone produced the highest colonization percentages in Suwadel.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Material
- Suwadele0
- Treatment
- AMF inocula alonee0
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- percentages of AMF colonizatione0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treatments with AMF inocula alone showed highest percentages of AMF colonization in Suwadel.”
e1“Two traditional rice (Oriza sativa L.) varieties (Suwadel and Kuruluthuda)”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizer level was inversely related to AMF colonization.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- fertilizer levele0
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- AMF colonizatione0
- Direction
- Inversee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Inverse connection was observed between fertilizer level and AMF colonization.”
e1“Two traditional rice (Oriza sativa L.) varieties (Suwadel and Kuruluthuda)”
Claim · model-written summary
No AMF colonization was observed in Kuruluthuda.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Material
- Kuruluthudae0
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- no AMF colonizatione0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“no AMF colonization was observed in Kuruluthuda variety”
e1“Two traditional rice (Oriza sativa L.) varieties (Suwadel and Kuruluthuda)”
Claim · model-written summary
Kuruluthuda harvest did not differ significantly between treatments with and without AMF.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae2
- Material
- Kuruluthudae1
- Treatment
- AMF applicatione0
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- harveste0
- Direction
- no significant differencese0
- Comparator
- without AMF applicatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“no significant differences were observed in harvest for treatments with and without AMF application.”
e1“Differently from Suwadel, no AMF colonization was observed in Kuruluthuda variety”
e2“Two traditional rice (Oriza sativa L.) varieties (Suwadel and Kuruluthuda)”
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