Paper · 2024 · Journal of Plant Nutrition

Enhancing the productivity and nutritional quality of lentil ( Lens culinaris L.) with combined foliar application of zinc and urea

Amandeep Kaur; Guriqbal Singh; Kuldeep Singh; et al.

5
claims
8
verbatim quotes
1
citations
2
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

There is need to enhance the nutritional quality of lentil for ameliorating nutrient deficiencies in people especially vegetarians. The study was carried out to investigate the effect of soil application of zinc (Zn) and foliar application of Zn and nitrogen [(N) through urea] on grain yield and enrichment of grain with Zn in lentil. The field experiments were conducted at two locations Ludhiana and Faridkot, India. The experiment was consisted of eleven treatments (control, soil application of 25 kg ha−1 ZnSO4 at sowing time, foliar spray of sole 0.5% ZnSO4 or 2% urea and combined foliar spray of 0.5% ZnSO4 + 2% urea at flowering, pod formation, and flowering + pod formation stages). The foliar application of 0.5% ZnSO4 + 2% urea spray at flowering + pod formation stages significantly improved the grain yield, Zn and iron (Fe) concentration at maturity in stover and grain (whole as well as split) of lentil and protein content in stover and grain. The combined application of ZnSO4 (0.5%) + urea (2%) at flowering + pod formation stages can be done to improve not only the grain yield (on an average 29.5%) but also the Zn (49.7%) and Fe (17.4%) concentration in lentil grain, which, can help in ameliorating malnutrition in human population.

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Claims 5

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Combined zinc and urea foliar application improved lentil grain yield by an average 29.5%.

Taxon
lentilLens culinarist0
Treatment
ZnSO4 (0.5%) + urea (2%) at flowering + pod formation stagese0
Outcome
grain yielde0
Direction
improvee0
Value
29.5%e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Lens culinaris
Lens culinaris · TaxonUser:Justinc · CC BY-SA 2.5 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The combined application of ZnSO4 (0.5%) + urea (2%) at flowering + pod formation stages can be done to improve not only the grain yield (on an average 29.5%)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 962–1120 · show in text ↑
t0

“lentil”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 54–60 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Combined application improved lentil grain Zn concentration by 49.7%.

Taxon
lentilLens culinarist0
Organ / stage
lentil graine0
Treatment
ZnSO4 (0.5%) + urea (2%) at flowering + pod formation stagese0
Outcome
Zne0
Direction
improvee0
Value
49.7%e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Lens culinaris
Lens culinaris · TaxonUser:Justinc · CC BY-SA 2.5 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“lentil”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 54–60 · show in text ↑
e0

“The combined application of ZnSO4 (0.5%) + urea (2%) at flowering + pod formation stages can be done to improve not only the grain yield (on an average 29.5%) but also the Zn (49.7%) and Fe (17.4%) concentration in lentil grain”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 962–1189 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Combined application improved lentil grain Fe concentration by 17.4%.

Taxon
lentilLens culinarist0
Organ / stage
lentil graine0
Treatment
ZnSO4 (0.5%) + urea (2%) at flowering + pod formation stagese0
Outcome
Fee0
Direction
improvee0
Value
17.4%e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Lens culinaris
Lens culinaris · TaxonUser:Justinc · CC BY-SA 2.5 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“lentil”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 54–60 · show in text ↑
e0

“The combined application of ZnSO4 (0.5%) + urea (2%) at flowering + pod formation stages can be done to improve not only the grain yield (on an average 29.5%) but also the Zn (49.7%) and Fe (17.4%) concentration in lentil grain”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 962–1189 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Combined foliar spray improved Zn and Fe concentration in lentil stover at maturity.

Taxon
lentilLens culinarise0
Treatment
0.5% ZnSO4 + 2% urea spray at flowering + pod formation stagese0
Outcome
Zn and iron (Fe) concentration at maturity in stovere0
Direction
improvede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Lens culinaris
Lens culinaris · TaxonUser:Justinc · CC BY-SA 2.5 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The foliar application of 0.5% ZnSO4 + 2% urea spray at flowering + pod formation stages significantly improved the grain yield, Zn and iron (Fe) concentration at maturity in stover and grain (whole as well as split) of lentil”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 694–920 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Combined foliar spray improved protein content in lentil stover and grain.

Taxon
lentilLens culinarise0
Treatment
0.5% ZnSO4 + 2% urea spray at flowering + pod formation stagese0
Outcome
protein content in stover and graine0
Direction
improvede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Lens culinaris
Lens culinaris · TaxonUser:Justinc · CC BY-SA 2.5 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The foliar application of 0.5% ZnSO4 + 2% urea spray at flowering + pod formation stages significantly improved the grain yield, Zn and iron (Fe) concentration at maturity in stover and grain (whole as well as split) of lentil and protein content in stover and grain.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 694–961 · show in text ↑

zinc sulfate · nutrient: content · Lens culinaris (lentil)Results agree

2 papers: 2 positive, 0 negative or no effect

1 paper in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
See all 2 papers →

zinc sulfate · quality: protein · Lens culinaris (lentil)Results agree

3 papers: 3 positive, 0 negative or no effect

2 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
See all 3 papers →

zinc sulfate · yield · Lens culinaris (lentil)Results agree

16 papers: 16 positive, 0 negative or no effect

15 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

12 papers more in this group

See all 16 papers →

nitrogen · yield · Lens culinaris (lentil)Results differ

37 papers: 36 positive, 1 negative or no effect

35 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. positive
  3. positive

33 papers more in this group

See all 37 papers →

nitrogen · phenology · Lens culinaris (lentil)Positive and negative results

2 papers: 1 positive, 1 negative or no effect

1 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
See all 2 papers →

stage · nutrient: content · Lens culinaris (lentil)Positive and negative results

3 papers: 2 positive, 1 negative or no effect

1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. positive
See all 3 papers →

nitrogen · nutrient: content · Lens culinaris (lentil)Positive and negative results

8 papers: 7 positive, 1 negative or no effect

6 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. positive
  3. positive

4 papers more in this group

See all 8 papers →

application · quality: protein · Lens culinaris (lentil)Positive and negative results

9 papers: 8 positive, 1 negative or no effect

7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. positive
  3. positive

5 papers more in this group

See all 9 papers →

8 of 12 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.