Abstract
Sulphur fertilizer can be used as a soil amendment in semi-arid region.The current field trial aimed to study the effect of different levels of various sulphur fertilizers (control: no sulphur application, utilization of 25 or 50 kg S from single superphosphate: P+S 25 or P+S 50 , 25 or 50 kg S from the elemental form: S 25 or S 50 , 25 or 50 kg S from zinc sulfate: Zn+S 25 or Zn+S 50 ) on growth and qualitative proprieties of safflower in west of Iran.The application of sulphur increased vegetative growth components such as plant height, first capitulum height, stem diameter, and the number of lateral branches.The highest rate of vegetative growth was obtained with the application of zinc sulfate.Chlorophyll content increased by 21-24% with zinc sulfate compared to the control.The widest canopy was recorded under the conditions of the use of Zn+S 50 and P+S 50 (a 53% increase).Regardless of the amount of consumption, the highest plant dry weight was obtained with the use of Zn+S and S. Utilization of the high level of zinc sulfate and elemental sulphur by increasing the number of capitula, number of achenes in capitulum and diameter of capitulum improved achene yield (by 17%).The highest amount of achene oil was achieved by S 50 and the application of P+S 50 was in the second rank.However, consumption of all levels of S or Zn+S and P+S 50 caused a significant increase in achene protein content.The highest amount of oleic acid, stearic acid, and palmitic acid was obtained with the use of Zn+S.Altogether, under farmyard applied conditions, elemental sulphure and zinc sulphate significantly improved safflower performance due to its high S content, slow S releasing property and low leaching.Application of elemental sulphure and zinc sulphate in semi-arid areas should be seriously considered.
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
Sulphur application increased plant height, first capitulum height and stem diameter of safflower
- Taxon
- safflower
Carthamus tinctoriuse1 - Treatment
- application of sulphure2
- Outcome
- plant height, first capitulum height, stem diametere2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Comparator
- no sulphur applicatione3
- Setting
- west of Irane1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“growth and qualitative proprieties of safflower in west of Iran”
e2“The application of sulphur increased vegetative growth components such as plant height, first capitulum height, stem diameter, and the number of lateral branches”
e3“(control: no sulphur application”
Claim · model-written summary
Sulphur application increased the number of lateral branches of safflower
- Taxon
- safflowerCarthamus tinctoriuse1
- Treatment
- application of sulphure2
- Outcome
- the number of lateral branchese2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Comparator
- no sulphur applicatione3
- Setting
- west of Irane1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“growth and qualitative proprieties of safflower in west of Iran”
e2“The application of sulphur increased vegetative growth components such as plant height, first capitulum height, stem diameter, and the number of lateral branches”
e3“(control: no sulphur application”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc sulfate application gave the highest rate of vegetative growth in safflower
- Taxon
- safflowerCarthamus tinctoriuse1
- Treatment
- application of zinc sulfatee4
- Outcome
- vegetative growthe4
- Direction
- highest ratee4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“growth and qualitative proprieties of safflower in west of Iran”
e4“The highest rate of vegetative growth was obtained with the application of zinc sulfate”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc sulfate increased chlorophyll content of safflower by 21-24% compared with the control
- Taxon
- safflowerCarthamus tinctoriuse1
- Treatment
- zinc sulfatee5
- Outcome
- Chlorophyll contente5
- Direction
- increasede5
- Value
- 21-24%e5
- Comparator
- the controle5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“growth and qualitative proprieties of safflower in west of Iran”
e5“Chlorophyll content increased by 21-24% with zinc sulfate compared to the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Zn+S 50 and P+S 50 gave the widest safflower canopy, a 53% increase
- Taxon
- safflowerCarthamus tinctoriuse1
- Treatment
- the use of Zn+S 50 and P+S 50e6
- Outcome
- canopye6
- Direction
- wideste6
- Value
- 53%e6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“growth and qualitative proprieties of safflower in west of Iran”
e6“The widest canopy was recorded under the conditions of the use of Zn+S 50 and P+S 50 (a 53% increase)”
Claim · model-written summary
Zn+S gave the highest safflower plant dry weight regardless of the amount applied
- Taxon
- safflowerCarthamus tinctoriuse1
- Treatment
- use of Zn+Se7
- Outcome
- plant dry weighte7
- Direction
- higheste7
- Qualifier
- Regardless of the amount of consumptione7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“growth and qualitative proprieties of safflower in west of Iran”
e7“Regardless of the amount of consumption, the highest plant dry weight was obtained with the use of Zn+S and S”
Claim · model-written summary
S alone gave the highest safflower plant dry weight regardless of the amount applied
- Taxon
- safflowerCarthamus tinctoriuse1
- Treatment
- Se7
- Outcome
- plant dry weighte7
- Direction
- higheste7
- Qualifier
- Regardless of the amount of consumptione7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“growth and qualitative proprieties of safflower in west of Iran”
e7“Regardless of the amount of consumption, the highest plant dry weight was obtained with the use of Zn+S and S”
Claim · model-written summary
High level of zinc sulfate and elemental sulphur improved safflower achene yield by 17%
- Taxon
- safflowerCarthamus tinctoriuse1
- Treatment
- high level of zinc sulfate and elemental sulphure2
- Outcome
- achene yielde2
- Direction
- improvede2
- Value
- 17%e2
- Qualifier
- by increasing the number of capitula, number of achenes in capitulum and diameter of capitulume2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“growth and qualitative proprieties of safflower in west of Iran”
e2“Utilization of the high level of zinc sulfate and elemental sulphur by increasing the number of capitula, number of achenes in capitulum and diameter of capitulum improved achene yield (by 17%)”
Claim · model-written summary
S 50 gave the highest achene oil amount in safflower
- Taxon
- safflowerCarthamus tinctoriuse1
- Treatment
- S 50e2
- Outcome
- achene oile2
- Direction
- highest amounte2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“growth and qualitative proprieties of safflower in west of Iran”
e2“The highest amount of achene oil was achieved by S 50 and the application of P+S 50 was in the second rank”
Claim · model-written summary
P+S 50 gave the second-highest achene oil amount in safflower
- Taxon
- safflowerCarthamus tinctoriuse1
- Treatment
- the application of P+S 50e2
- Outcome
- achene oile2
- Direction
- second ranke2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“growth and qualitative proprieties of safflower in west of Iran”
e2“The highest amount of achene oil was achieved by S 50 and the application of P+S 50 was in the second rank”
Claim · model-written summary
All levels of sulphur significantly increased achene protein content of safflower
- Taxon
- safflowerCarthamus tinctoriuse1
- Treatment
- all levels of Se2
- Outcome
- achene protein contente2
- Direction
- significant increasee2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“growth and qualitative proprieties of safflower in west of Iran”
e2“However, consumption of all levels of S or Zn+S and P+S 50 caused a significant increase in achene protein content”
Claim · model-written summary
Zn+S significantly increased achene protein content of safflower
- Taxon
- safflowerCarthamus tinctoriuse1
- Treatment
- Zn+Se2
- Outcome
- achene protein contente2
- Direction
- significant increasee2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“growth and qualitative proprieties of safflower in west of Iran”
e2“However, consumption of all levels of S or Zn+S and P+S 50 caused a significant increase in achene protein content”
Claim · model-written summary
P+S 50 significantly increased achene protein content of safflower
- Taxon
- safflowerCarthamus tinctoriuse1
- Treatment
- P+S 50e2
- Outcome
- achene protein contente2
- Direction
- significant increasee2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“growth and qualitative proprieties of safflower in west of Iran”
e2“However, consumption of all levels of S or Zn+S and P+S 50 caused a significant increase in achene protein content”
Claim · model-written summary
Zn+S gave the highest amounts of oleic, stearic and palmitic acids in safflower
- Taxon
- safflowerCarthamus tinctoriuse1
- Treatment
- the use of Zn+Se2
- Outcome
- oleic acid, stearic acid, and palmitic acide2
- Direction
- highest amounte2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“growth and qualitative proprieties of safflower in west of Iran”
e2“The highest amount of oleic acid, stearic acid, and palmitic acid was obtained with the use of Zn+S”
Claim · model-written summary
Elemental sulphur significantly improved safflower performance under farmyard applied conditions
- Taxon
- safflowerCarthamus tinctoriuse1
- Treatment
- elemental sulphuree2
- Outcome
- safflower performancee2
- Direction
- significantly improvede2
- Qualifier
- due to its high S content, slow S releasing property and low leachinge2
- Setting
- farmyard applied conditionse2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“growth and qualitative proprieties of safflower in west of Iran”
e2“Altogether, under farmyard applied conditions, elemental sulphure and zinc sulphate significantly improved safflower performance due to its high S content, slow S releasing property and low leaching”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc sulphate significantly improved safflower performance under farmyard applied conditions
- Taxon
- safflowerCarthamus tinctoriuse1
- Treatment
- zinc sulphatee2
- Outcome
- safflower performancee2
- Direction
- significantly improvede2
- Setting
- farmyard applied conditionse2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“growth and qualitative proprieties of safflower in west of Iran”
e2“Altogether, under farmyard applied conditions, elemental sulphure and zinc sulphate significantly improved safflower performance due to its high S content, slow S releasing property and low leaching”
Claim · model-written summary
Application of elemental sulphur and zinc sulphate in semi-arid areas should be seriously considered for safflower
- Taxon
- safflowerCarthamus tinctoriuse1
- Outcome
- Application of elemental sulphure and zinc sulphatee2
- Setting
- semi-arid arease2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“growth and qualitative proprieties of safflower in west of Iran”
e2“Application of elemental sulphure and zinc sulphate in semi-arid areas should be seriously considered”
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See all 9 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.