Abstract
Phosphorus is one of the important elements of plant nutrition that affect crop productivity. Increasing the availability of phosphorus through the use of microbial inoculants capable of stimulating soybean growth on saline soils is a promising solution to the problem. However, most phosphate-solubilizing bacteria are not capable of the growth and mobilization of phosphates on saline soils. The purpose of this study was to isolate phosphate-solubilizing salt-tolerant bacteria from the soybean rhizosphere and to study their salt tolerance, phosphate solubilization, and ability to influence soybean growth in saline soils. Phosphate-solubilizing isolates were obtained from the soybean rhizosphere. Their ability to grow and mobilize phosphates under conditions of high salt stress was studied, after which five strains were selected. Identification by the Sanger molecular genetic method showed that the strains were Pseudomonas rhizosphaerae FT2, Ps. koreensis FT4, Ps. sp. FM9, Bacillus pumilus FM12, and B. sp. FC11. The production of the phytohormone indole-3-acetic acid under high salt stress was studied and three strains (FT4, FM12, and FC11) were selected in which the production of indole-3-acetic acid under salt stress decreased slightly by 20-22%. Inoculation with bacteria significantly mitigated salt stress, as evidenced by the growth indicators of soybeans; the weight of roots increased by 1.9-2.1 times, the weight of soybean shoots by 2.0-2.2 times, the weight of leaves by 2.5-3.5 times and the number of nodules by 1.7-2.0 times compared to the control variant without inoculation. The study showed that inoculation with phosphate-solubilizing salt-tolerant bacteria increased plant resistance to salt stress, improved growth, and promoted the ecological adaptation of soybeans. Based on the isolated strains, it is possible to develop inoculants for crops growing on saline soils, which is a promising strategy.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Isolated phosphate-solubilizing strains were identified as Pseudomonas rhizosphaerae FT2 and Bacillus pumilus FM12, among others.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Interactor
- Pseudomonas rhizosphaerae FT2Pseudomonas rhizosphaeraee1symbiont
- Second interactor
- Bacillus pumilus FM12Bacillus pumiluse1symbiont
- Outcome
- Identificatione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“isolate phosphate-solubilizing salt-tolerant bacteria from the soybean rhizosphere”
e1“Identification by the Sanger molecular genetic method showed that the strains were Pseudomonas rhizosphaerae FT2, Ps. koreensis FT4, Ps. sp. FM9, Bacillus pumilus FM12, and B. sp. FC11”
Claim · model-written summary
Under high salt stress, indole-3-acetic acid production decreased slightly by 20-22% in three selected strains.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- high salt stresse2
- Interactor
- FT4, FM12, and FC11e4symbiont
- Outcome
- production of indole-3-acetic acide3
- Direction
- decreasede3
- Value
- 20-22%e3
- Qualifier
- slightlye3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“isolate phosphate-solubilizing salt-tolerant bacteria from the soybean rhizosphere”
e2“The production of the phytohormone indole-3-acetic acid under high salt stress”
e3“the production of indole-3-acetic acid under salt stress decreased slightly by 20-22%”
e4“three strains (FT4, FM12, and FC11)”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation with bacteria increased soybean root weight by 1.9-2.1 times relative to the uninoculated control under salt stress.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- Inoculation with bacteriae1
- Outcome
- weight of rootse2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Value
- 1.9-2.1 timese2
- Comparator
- control variant without inoculatione3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“isolate phosphate-solubilizing salt-tolerant bacteria from the soybean rhizosphere”
e1“Inoculation with bacteria significantly mitigated salt stress”
e2“the weight of roots increased by 1.9-2.1 times, the weight of soybean shoots by 2.0-2.2 times, the weight of leaves by 2.5-3.5 times and the number of nodules by 1.7-2.0 times”
e3“compared to the control variant without inoculation”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation with bacteria increased soybean shoot weight by 2.0-2.2 times relative to the uninoculated control under salt stress.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- Inoculation with bacteriae1
- Outcome
- weight of soybean shootse2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Value
- 2.0-2.2 timese2
- Comparator
- control variant without inoculatione3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“isolate phosphate-solubilizing salt-tolerant bacteria from the soybean rhizosphere”
e1“Inoculation with bacteria significantly mitigated salt stress”
e2“the weight of roots increased by 1.9-2.1 times, the weight of soybean shoots by 2.0-2.2 times, the weight of leaves by 2.5-3.5 times and the number of nodules by 1.7-2.0 times”
e3“compared to the control variant without inoculation”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation with bacteria increased soybean leaf weight by 2.5-3.5 times relative to the uninoculated control under salt stress.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- Inoculation with bacteriae1
- Outcome
- weight of leavese2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Value
- 2.5-3.5 timese2
- Comparator
- control variant without inoculatione3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“isolate phosphate-solubilizing salt-tolerant bacteria from the soybean rhizosphere”
e1“Inoculation with bacteria significantly mitigated salt stress”
e2“the weight of roots increased by 1.9-2.1 times, the weight of soybean shoots by 2.0-2.2 times, the weight of leaves by 2.5-3.5 times and the number of nodules by 1.7-2.0 times”
e3“compared to the control variant without inoculation”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation with bacteria increased soybean nodule number by 1.7-2.0 times relative to the uninoculated control under salt stress.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- Inoculation with bacteriae1
- Outcome
- number of nodulese2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Value
- 1.7-2.0 timese2
- Comparator
- control variant without inoculatione3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“isolate phosphate-solubilizing salt-tolerant bacteria from the soybean rhizosphere”
e1“Inoculation with bacteria significantly mitigated salt stress”
e2“the weight of roots increased by 1.9-2.1 times, the weight of soybean shoots by 2.0-2.2 times, the weight of leaves by 2.5-3.5 times and the number of nodules by 1.7-2.0 times”
e3“compared to the control variant without inoculation”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation with phosphate-solubilizing salt-tolerant bacteria increased soybean resistance to salt stress.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- inoculation with phosphate-solubilizing salt-tolerant bacteriae5
- Interactor
- phosphate-solubilizing salt-tolerant bacteriae5symbiont
- Outcome
- plant resistance to salt stresse5
- Direction
- increasede5
- Comparator
- control variant without inoculatione3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“isolate phosphate-solubilizing salt-tolerant bacteria from the soybean rhizosphere”
e3“compared to the control variant without inoculation”
e5“inoculation with phosphate-solubilizing salt-tolerant bacteria increased plant resistance to salt stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation with phosphate-solubilizing salt-tolerant bacteria promoted the ecological adaptation of soybeans.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- inoculation with phosphate-solubilizing salt-tolerant bacteriae5
- Interactor
- phosphate-solubilizing salt-tolerant bacteriae5symbiont
- Outcome
- ecological adaptation of soybeanse6
- Direction
- promotede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“isolate phosphate-solubilizing salt-tolerant bacteria from the soybean rhizosphere”
e5“inoculation with phosphate-solubilizing salt-tolerant bacteria increased plant resistance to salt stress”
e6“promoted the ecological adaptation of soybeans”
Claim · model-written summary
Based on the isolated strains, inoculants can be developed for crops growing on saline soils, which the authors consider a promising strategy.
Verbatim
e7“it is possible to develop inoculants for crops growing on saline soils, which is a promising strategy”
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