Abstract
The fungal pathogens Fusarium graminearum and F. culmorum cause ear blight disease on cereal crops worldwide. The disease lowers both grain quality and grain safety. Disease prevalence is increasing due to changes in cropping practices and the difficulties encountered by plant breeders when trying to introgress the polygene-based resistance. The molecular basis of resistance to Fusarium ear blight in cereal species is poorly understood. This is primarily due to the large size of cereal genomes and the expensive resources required to undertake gene function studies in cereals. We therefore explored the possibility of developing various model floral infection systems that would be more amenable to experimental manipulation and high-throughput gene function studies. The floral tissues of tobacco, tomato, soybean and Arabidopsis were inoculated with Fusarium conidia and this resulted in disease symptoms on anthers, anther filaments and petals in each plant species. However, only in Arabidopsis did this initial infection then spread into the developing siliques and seeds. A survey of 236 Arabidopsis ecotypes failed to identify a single genotype that was extremely resistant or susceptible to Fusarium floral infections. Three Arabidopsis floral mutants that failed to develop anthers and/or functional pollen (i.e. agamous-1, apetala1-3 and dad1) were significantly less susceptible to Fusarium floral infection than wild type. Deoxynivalenol (DON) mycotoxin production was also detected in Fusarium-infected flowers at >1 ppm. This novel floral pathosystem for Arabidopsis appears to be highly representative of a serious cereal crop disease.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
tobacco floral inoculation with Fusarium caused symptoms on anthers, filaments and petals.
- Taxon
- tobacco
Nicotiana tabacume0 - Treatment
- inoculated with Fusarium conidiae0
- Outcome
- disease symptoms on anthers, anther filaments and petalse0
FusariumNot reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Arabidopsis”
e0“The floral tissues of tobacco, tomato, soybean and Arabidopsis were inoculated with Fusarium conidia and this resulted in disease symptoms on anthers, anther filaments and petals in each plant species.”
Claim · model-written summary
tomato floral inoculation with Fusarium caused symptoms on anthers, filaments and petals.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Treatment
- inoculated with Fusarium conidiae0
- Outcome
- disease symptoms on anthers, anther filaments and petalse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Arabidopsis”
e0“The floral tissues of tobacco, tomato, soybean and Arabidopsis were inoculated with Fusarium conidia and this resulted in disease symptoms on anthers, anther filaments and petals in each plant species.”
Claim · model-written summary
soybean floral inoculation with Fusarium caused symptoms on anthers, filaments and petals.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Treatment
- inoculated with Fusarium conidiae0
- Outcome
- disease symptoms on anthers, anther filaments and petalse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Arabidopsis”
e0“The floral tissues of tobacco, tomato, soybean and Arabidopsis were inoculated with Fusarium conidia and this resulted in disease symptoms on anthers, anther filaments and petals in each plant species.”
Claim · model-written summary
Arabidopsis floral inoculation with Fusarium caused symptoms on anthers, filaments and petals.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis
Arabidopsise0 - Treatment
- inoculated with Fusarium conidiae0
- Outcome
- disease symptoms on anthers, anther filaments and petalse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Arabidopsis”
e0“The floral tissues of tobacco, tomato, soybean and Arabidopsis were inoculated with Fusarium conidia and this resulted in disease symptoms on anthers, anther filaments and petals in each plant species.”
Claim · model-written summary
Fusarium infection spread into developing siliques and seeds only in Arabidopsis.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Outcome
- infection then spread into the developing siliques and seedse0
Not reportedInteractorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Arabidopsis”
e0“However, only in Arabidopsis did this initial infection then spread into the developing siliques and seeds.”
Claim · model-written summary
None of 236 Arabidopsis ecotypes was extremely resistant or susceptible to Fusarium floral infection.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Outcome
- extremely resistant or susceptible to Fusarium floral infectionse0
- Value
- 236e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Arabidopsis”
e0“A survey of 236 Arabidopsis ecotypes failed to identify a single genotype that was extremely resistant or susceptible to Fusarium floral infections.”
Claim · model-written summary
agamous-1 was less susceptible to Fusarium floral infection than wild type.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Material
- agamous-1e0
- Outcome
- susceptible to Fusarium floral infectione0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Comparator
- wild typee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Arabidopsis”
e0“Three Arabidopsis floral mutants that failed to develop anthers and/or functional pollen (i.e. agamous-1, apetala1-3 and dad1) were significantly less susceptible to Fusarium floral infection than wild type.”
Claim · model-written summary
apetala1-3 was less susceptible to Fusarium floral infection than wild type.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Material
- apetala1-3e0
- Outcome
- susceptible to Fusarium floral infectione0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Comparator
- wild typee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Arabidopsis”
e0“Three Arabidopsis floral mutants that failed to develop anthers and/or functional pollen (i.e. agamous-1, apetala1-3 and dad1) were significantly less susceptible to Fusarium floral infection than wild type.”
Claim · model-written summary
dad1 was less susceptible to Fusarium floral infection than wild type.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Material
- dad1e0
- Outcome
- susceptible to Fusarium floral infectione0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Comparator
- wild typee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Arabidopsis”
e0“Three Arabidopsis floral mutants that failed to develop anthers and/or functional pollen (i.e. agamous-1, apetala1-3 and dad1) were significantly less susceptible to Fusarium floral infection than wild type.”
Claim · model-written summary
DON production above 1 ppm was detected in Fusarium-infected flowers.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Organ / stage
- flowerse0
- Outcome
- Deoxynivalenol (DON) mycotoxin productione0
- Value
- >1 ppme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Arabidopsis”
e0“Deoxynivalenol (DON) mycotoxin production was also detected in Fusarium-infected flowers at >1 ppm.”
Claim · model-written summary
The Arabidopsis floral pathosystem appears representative of cereal crop disease.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Outcome
- highly representative of a serious cereal crop diseasee0
- Comparator
- a serious cereal crop diseasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Arabidopsis”
e0“This novel floral pathosystem for Arabidopsis appears to be highly representative of a serious cereal crop disease.”
The same questions in other papers
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See all 266 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.