Abstract
Abstract Tuta absoluta and Bemisia tabaci are two key worldwide tomato pests. In response to chemical control limits, the use of zoophytophagous mirid predators as biocontrol agents is being increasingly studied and proposed for the management of these pests. However, the use of some mirid species and in particular Nesidiocoris tenuis , which naturally occurs in European tomato crops , is controversial due to its ability to inflict significant damage on tomato plants (necrotic rings) in parallel of its high predation capacity. Combining other mirid species such as Macrolophus pygmaeus and Dicyphus errans with N. tenuis could reduce the population growth of T. absoluta and of B. tabaci , while maintaining N. tenuis populations below a critical crop damage threshold. In this study, we tested the effect of combining N. tenuis with M. pygmaeus (at two densities: 10 and 15 individuals per plant) and with or without D. errans (five individuals per plant) on the abundance of all insects (predators and pests) for 8 weeks. We also measured leaf damage by T. absoluta and plant and flower damage (necrotic rings, flower abortion rate) by N. tenuis . We found that the combined presence of D. errans , M. pygmaeus and N. tenuis rapidly and significantly reduced the densities of B. tabaci adults, and T. absoluta larvae and damage compared to when M. pygmaeus (with both densities) was only present with N. tenuis . The presence of D. errans was critical to reduce N. tenuis population growth and necrotic rings on tomato plants, while higher densities of M. pygmaeus density reduced the rate of aborted flowers by N. tenuis . The manipulation of M. pygmaeus densities added to the presence of D. errans could provide a sustainable solution to control multiple pests simultaneously while reducing the damaging phytophagous activity of N. tenuis in tomato crops.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Combined presence of D. errans, M. pygmaeus and N. tenuis rapidly and significantly reduced densities of B. tabaci adults in tomato compared with M. pygmaeus with N. tenuis alone.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- combined presence of D. errans , M. pygmaeus and N. tenuise1
- Interactor
- B. tabaci
Bemisia tabacie1pest - Second interactor
- N. tenuis
Nesidiocoris tenuise1biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- densities of B. tabaci adultse1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Qualifier
- rapidlye1
- Comparator
- M. pygmaeus (with both densities) was only present with N. tenuise1
- Setting
- greenhouset0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“greenhouse tomato crops”
e1“the combined presence of D. errans , M. pygmaeus and N. tenuis rapidly and significantly reduced the densities of B. tabaci adults, and T. absoluta larvae and damage compared to when M. pygmaeus (with both densities) was only present with N. tenuis”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined presence of D. errans, M. pygmaeus and N. tenuis significantly reduced T. absoluta larvae and leaf damage on tomato compared with M. pygmaeus with N. tenuis alone.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- combined presence of D. errans , M. pygmaeus and N. tenuise1
- Interactor
- T. absoluta
.jpg?width=60)
Tuta absolutae1pest - Second interactor
- N. tenuisNesidiocoris tenuise1biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- T. absoluta larvae and damagee1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Qualifier
- rapidlye1
- Comparator
- M. pygmaeus (with both densities) was only present with N. tenuise1
- Setting
- greenhouset0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“greenhouse tomato crops”
e1“the combined presence of D. errans , M. pygmaeus and N. tenuis rapidly and significantly reduced the densities of B. tabaci adults, and T. absoluta larvae and damage compared to when M. pygmaeus (with both densities) was only present with N. tenuis”
Claim · model-written summary
The presence of D. errans reduced N. tenuis population growth and necrotic rings on tomato plants.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume2
- Treatment
- presence of D. erranse2
- Interactor
- N. tenuisNesidiocoris tenuise2herbivore
- Second interactor
- D. errans
_-_(imago)%2C_Elst_(Gld)%2C_the_Netherlands_-_4.jpg?width=60)
Dicyphus erranse2biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- N. tenuis population growth and necrotic ringse2
- Direction
- reducee2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_-_(imago)%2C_Elst_(Gld)%2C_the_Netherlands_-_4.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“greenhouse tomato crops”
e2“The presence of D. errans was critical to reduce N. tenuis population growth and necrotic rings on tomato plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher densities of M. pygmaeus reduced the rate of aborted flowers caused by N. tenuis in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- higher densities of M. pygmaeuse3
- Interactor
- N. tenuisNesidiocoris tenuise3herbivore
- Second interactor
- M. pygmaeus
Macrolophus pygmaeuse3biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- rate of aborted flowerse3
- Direction
- reducede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“greenhouse tomato crops”
e3“while higher densities of M. pygmaeus density reduced the rate of aborted flowers by N. tenuis”
Claim · model-written summary
Manipulating M. pygmaeus densities added to D. errans could provide a sustainable solution to control multiple pests in tomato crops.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume4
- Outcome
- a sustainable solution to control multiple pests simultaneouslye4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“The manipulation of M. pygmaeus densities added to the presence of D. errans could provide a sustainable solution to control multiple pests simultaneously while reducing the damaging phytophagous activity of N. tenuis in tomato crops”
The same questions in other papers
Macrolophus pygmaeus · Bemisia tabaci · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
Macrolophus pygmaeus · Tuta absoluta · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
Nesidiocoris tenuis · Bemisia tabaci · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
5 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →Nesidiocoris tenuis · Tuta absoluta · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
6 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.