Abstract
The roles of Salicylic acid (SA), Nitric Oxide (NO) and Rhizoglomus intraradices in imparting tolerance to Vigna radiata (mungbean) in Nickel (Ni) contaminated soil have been studied individually but not cumulatively. In this study, pot experiments were conducted to compare the individual and synergistic role of phytohormones , with/without R. intraradices in modulating soil properties and curbing the generation of reactive carbonyl species, reactive oxygen species in mungbean plants subjected to Ni (0, 150 mgkg − 1) stress. Ni had a negative correlation with growth and productivity potential of plants. Application of phytohormones and arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) improved the yielding potential by successfully boosting the functioning of enzymes involved in glyoxalase pathway and antioxidant defense system. AM improved the functional efficiency of plants by modulating soil properties and various defense mechanisms to a maximum extent followed by SA and least by NO. Moreover, exogenous application of phytohormones to AM inoculated plants increased the colonisation capacity of fungal partner significantly, which in turn enhanced the synthesis of glomalin and improved the activity of soil enzymes responsible for nutrient cycling. However, combined application of SA with AM functioned in a more synergistic manner than the combined application of NO with AM. Interestingly, the cumulative treatment of the two phytohormones along with R. intraradices was the most efficient in re-establishing mungbean plants under Ni-stress. The study suggested the use of this cost-effective ameliorative strategy involving the combined use of phytohormones with AM to improve the agricultural outputs of mungbean cultivation even under Ni-stressed environments. The study recommends combined applications of phytohormones with AM to impart Ni tolerance to mungbean plants. However, field studies are suggested to be carried out for the authentication of present result findings.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by-nc-nd. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Ni was negatively correlated with mungbean growth.
- Taxon
- mungbean
.jpg?width=60)
Vigna radiatat0 - Compound
- Nie0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- negative correlatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Ni had a negative correlation with growth and productivity potential of plants”
t0“mungbean”
Claim · model-written summary
Ni was negatively correlated with mungbean productivity potential.
- Taxon
- mungbeanVigna radiatat0
- Compound
- Nie0
- Outcome
- productivity potentiale0
- Direction
- negative correlatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ni had a negative correlation with growth and productivity potential of plants”
t0“mungbean”
Claim · model-written summary
Phytohormone application improved yielding potential under Ni stress.
- Taxon
- mungbeanVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- phytohormonese0
- Outcome
- yielding potentiale0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of phytohormones and arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) improved the yielding potential by successfully boosting the functioning of enzymes involved in glyoxalase pathway and antioxidant defense system”
t0“mungbean”
Claim · model-written summary
AM application improved yielding potential under Ni stress.
- Taxon
- mungbeanVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM)e0
- Interactor
- arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM)e0symbiont
- Outcome
- yielding potentiale0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of phytohormones and arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) improved the yielding potential by successfully boosting the functioning of enzymes involved in glyoxalase pathway and antioxidant defense system”
t0“mungbean”
Claim · model-written summary
Applications boosted glyoxalase-pathway enzyme function.
- Taxon
- mungbeanVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- phytohormones and arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM)e0
- Interactor
- arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM)e0symbiont
- Outcome
- functioning of enzymes involved in glyoxalase pathwaye0
- Direction
- boostinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of phytohormones and arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) improved the yielding potential by successfully boosting the functioning of enzymes involved in glyoxalase pathway and antioxidant defense system”
t0“mungbean”
Claim · model-written summary
Applications boosted antioxidant defense system function.
- Taxon
- mungbeanVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- phytohormones and arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM)e0
- Interactor
- arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM)e0symbiont
- Outcome
- antioxidant defense systeme0
- Direction
- boostinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of phytohormones and arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) improved the yielding potential by successfully boosting the functioning of enzymes involved in glyoxalase pathway and antioxidant defense system”
t0“mungbean”
Claim · model-written summary
AM improved plant functional efficiency most, followed by SA and then NO.
- Taxon
- mungbeanVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- AMe0
- Interactor
- AMe0symbiont
- Outcome
- functional efficiency of plantse0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Comparator
- SAe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“AM improved the functional efficiency of plants by modulating soil properties and various defense mechanisms to a maximum extent followed by SA and least by NO”
t0“mungbean”
Claim · model-written summary
Phytohormones increased mycorrhizal colonization of AM-inoculated plants significantly.
- Taxon
- mungbeanVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- exogenous application of phytohormonese0
- Interactor
- AMe0symbiont
- Outcome
- colonisation capacity of fungal partnere0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“exogenous application of phytohormones to AM inoculated plants increased the colonisation capacity of fungal partner significantly”
t0“mungbean”
Claim · model-written summary
Phytohormones applied to AM-inoculated plants enhanced glomalin synthesis.
- Taxon
- mungbeanVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- exogenous application of phytohormones to AM inoculated plantse0
- Interactor
- AMe0symbiont
- Outcome
- synthesis of glomaline0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“exogenous application of phytohormones to AM inoculated plants increased the colonisation capacity of fungal partner significantly, which in turn enhanced the synthesis of glomalin”
t0“mungbean”
Claim · model-written summary
Phytohormones applied to AM-inoculated plants improved nutrient-cycling soil enzyme activity.
- Taxon
- mungbeanVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- exogenous application of phytohormones to AM inoculated plantse0
- Interactor
- AMe0symbiont
- Outcome
- activity of soil enzymes responsible for nutrient cyclinge0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“exogenous application of phytohormones to AM inoculated plants increased the colonisation capacity of fungal partner significantly, which in turn enhanced the synthesis of glomalin and improved the activity of soil enzymes responsible for nutrient cycling”
t0“mungbean”
Claim · model-written summary
SA plus AM acted more synergistically than NO plus AM.
- Taxon
- mungbeanVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- combined application of SA with AMe0
- Interactor
- AMe0symbiont
- Outcome
- synergistic mannere0
- Direction
- more synergistice0
- Comparator
- combined application of NO with AMe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“combined application of SA with AM functioned in a more synergistic manner than the combined application of NO with AM”
t0“mungbean”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined two-phytohormone and R. intraradices treatment was most efficient for Ni-stressed mungbean.
- Taxon
- mungbeanVigna radiatae0
- Treatment
- cumulative treatment of the two phytohormones along with R. intraradicese0
- Interactor
- R. intraradicese0symbiont
- Outcome
- re-establishing mungbean plantse0
- Direction
- most efficiente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the cumulative treatment of the two phytohormones along with R. intraradices was the most efficient in re-establishing mungbean plants under Ni-stress”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend combined phytohormone and AM applications to impart Ni tolerance to mungbean.
- Taxon
- mungbeanVigna radiatae0
- Interactor
- AMe0symbiont
- Outcome
- combined applications of phytohormones with AM to impart Ni tolerancee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The study recommends combined applications of phytohormones with AM to impart Ni tolerance to mungbean plants”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest field studies to verify the findings.
- Taxon
- mungbeanVigna radiatat0
- Outcome
- field studiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“field studies are suggested to be carried out for the authentication of present result findings”
t0“mungbean”
The same questions in other papers
class · yield · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Positive and negative results
19 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- no effect
- positive
18 papers more in this group
See all 22 papers →class · disease · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
class · physiology: enzyme activity · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
inoculation · physiology: enzyme activity · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Results agree
4 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →mycorrhiza · disease · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Results agree
5 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →mycorrhiza · yield · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Results agree
25 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
22 papers more in this group
See all 26 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.