Abstract
Radish is a popular root vegetable grown worldwide and young fresh tender tuberous roots can be cooked or eaten raw in salads. The haphazard use of inorganic fertilizers for long period deteriorates fertility and productivity of soil. Therefore, this study was proposed for an extensive evaluation of different combinations of organic manure, bio fertilizer with inorganic fertilizers and influence on growth, yield, quality, and soil health. This study was carried out on radish cv. Japanese white with 13 treatment combinations in randomized block design with three replications. Soil quality was increased in terms of availability of N(Nitrogen), P (Phosphorus) and K (Potassium) to the tune of 15.17, 18.66 and 13.0%, respectively by integrated module 90% RDF (Recommended dose of fertilizers) + 10% SMC (Spent Mushroom Compost) + FYM (Farm Yard Manure) + AZB (Azotobacter) + PSB (Phosphate Solubilising Bacteria). Application of 90% Recommended dose of Fertilizers +10% Spent Mushroom Compost + Farm Yard Manure + Azotobacter + Phosphate Solubilising Bacteriarecorded maximum number of leaves (15.68), leaf size (21.01 x 9.88 cm), root size (18.80 x 2.86 cm), root weight (130.42 g), root yield (341.68q/ha) while, 60% Recommended dose of fertilizers +40% Spent Mushroom Compost+ Farm Yard Manure + Azotobacter + Phosphate Solubilising Bacteria proved best for quality attributes. Increase in yield under T6 was to the tune 11.44% over standard practices. Our findings of integrated nutrient management approaches may effectively address the present notion of “farming for health” to maintain soil health for sustainable crop production.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
The integrated module increased soil nitrogen availability by 15.17%.
- Treatment
- 90% RDF (Recommended dose of fertilizers) + 10% SMC (Spent Mushroom Compost) + FYM (Farm Yard Manure) + AZB (Azotobacter) + PSB (Phosphate Solubilising Bacteria)e0
- Outcome
- availability of N(Nitrogen)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 15.17e0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“Soil quality was increased in terms of availability of N(Nitrogen), P (Phosphorus) and K (Potassium) to the tune of 15.17, 18.66 and 13.0%, respectively by integrated module 90% RDF (Recommended dose of fertilizers) + 10% SMC (Spent Mushroom Compost) + FYM (Farm Yard Manure) + AZB (Azotobacter) + PSB (Phosphate Solubilising Bacteria).”
Claim · model-written summary
The integrated module increased soil phosphorus availability by 18.66%.
- Treatment
- 90% RDF (Recommended dose of fertilizers) + 10% SMC (Spent Mushroom Compost) + FYM (Farm Yard Manure) + AZB (Azotobacter) + PSB (Phosphate Solubilising Bacteria)e0
- Outcome
- P (Phosphorus)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 18.66e0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“Soil quality was increased in terms of availability of N(Nitrogen), P (Phosphorus) and K (Potassium) to the tune of 15.17, 18.66 and 13.0%, respectively by integrated module 90% RDF (Recommended dose of fertilizers) + 10% SMC (Spent Mushroom Compost) + FYM (Farm Yard Manure) + AZB (Azotobacter) + PSB (Phosphate Solubilising Bacteria).”
Claim · model-written summary
The integrated module increased soil potassium availability by 13.0%.
- Treatment
- 90% RDF (Recommended dose of fertilizers) + 10% SMC (Spent Mushroom Compost) + FYM (Farm Yard Manure) + AZB (Azotobacter) + PSB (Phosphate Solubilising Bacteria)e0
- Outcome
- K (Potassium)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 13.0%e0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“Soil quality was increased in terms of availability of N(Nitrogen), P (Phosphorus) and K (Potassium) to the tune of 15.17, 18.66 and 13.0%, respectively by integrated module 90% RDF (Recommended dose of fertilizers) + 10% SMC (Spent Mushroom Compost) + FYM (Farm Yard Manure) + AZB (Azotobacter) + PSB (Phosphate Solubilising Bacteria).”
Claim · model-written summary
The 90% fertilizer combination gave the maximum leaf number, 15.68.
- Taxon
- Radish
Raphanus sativust0 - Treatment
- 90% Recommended dose of Fertilizers +10% Spent Mushroom Compost + Farm Yard Manure + Azotobacter + Phosphate Solubilising Bacteriae0
- Interactor
- Azotobacter
Azotobactere0symbiont - Second interactor
- Phosphate Solubilising Bacteriae0symbiont
- Outcome
- number of leavese0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 15.68e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Radish”
e0“Application of 90% Recommended dose of Fertilizers +10% Spent Mushroom Compost + Farm Yard Manure + Azotobacter + Phosphate Solubilising Bacteriarecorded maximum number of leaves (15.68), leaf size (21.01 x 9.88 cm), root size (18.80 x 2.86 cm), root weight (130.42 g), root yield (341.68q/ha)”
Claim · model-written summary
The 90% fertilizer combination gave maximum leaf size of 21.01 x 9.88 cm.
- Taxon
- RadishRaphanus sativust0
- Treatment
- 90% Recommended dose of Fertilizers +10% Spent Mushroom Compost + Farm Yard Manure + Azotobacter + Phosphate Solubilising Bacteriae0
- Interactor
- AzotobacterAzotobactere0symbiont
- Second interactor
- Phosphate Solubilising Bacteriae0symbiont
- Outcome
- leaf sizee0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 21.01 x 9.88 cme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Radish”
e0“Application of 90% Recommended dose of Fertilizers +10% Spent Mushroom Compost + Farm Yard Manure + Azotobacter + Phosphate Solubilising Bacteriarecorded maximum number of leaves (15.68), leaf size (21.01 x 9.88 cm)”
Claim · model-written summary
The 90% fertilizer combination gave maximum root size of 18.80 x 2.86 cm.
- Taxon
- RadishRaphanus sativust0
- Treatment
- 90% Recommended dose of Fertilizers +10% Spent Mushroom Compost + Farm Yard Manure + Azotobacter + Phosphate Solubilising Bacteriae0
- Interactor
- AzotobacterAzotobactere0symbiont
- Second interactor
- Phosphate Solubilising Bacteriae0symbiont
- Outcome
- root sizee0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 18.80 x 2.86 cme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Radish”
e0“Application of 90% Recommended dose of Fertilizers +10% Spent Mushroom Compost + Farm Yard Manure + Azotobacter + Phosphate Solubilising Bacteriarecorded maximum number of leaves (15.68), leaf size (21.01 x 9.88 cm), root size (18.80 x 2.86 cm)”
Claim · model-written summary
The 90% fertilizer combination gave maximum root weight of 130.42 g.
- Taxon
- RadishRaphanus sativust0
- Treatment
- 90% Recommended dose of Fertilizers +10% Spent Mushroom Compost + Farm Yard Manure + Azotobacter + Phosphate Solubilising Bacteriae0
- Interactor
- AzotobacterAzotobactere0symbiont
- Second interactor
- Phosphate Solubilising Bacteriae0symbiont
- Outcome
- root weighte0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 130.42 ge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Radish”
e0“Application of 90% Recommended dose of Fertilizers +10% Spent Mushroom Compost + Farm Yard Manure + Azotobacter + Phosphate Solubilising Bacteriarecorded maximum number of leaves (15.68), leaf size (21.01 x 9.88 cm), root size (18.80 x 2.86 cm), root weight (130.42 g)”
Claim · model-written summary
The 90% fertilizer combination gave maximum root yield of 341.68q/ha.
- Taxon
- RadishRaphanus sativust0
- Treatment
- 90% Recommended dose of Fertilizers +10% Spent Mushroom Compost + Farm Yard Manure + Azotobacter + Phosphate Solubilising Bacteriae0
- Interactor
- AzotobacterAzotobactere0symbiont
- Second interactor
- Phosphate Solubilising Bacteriae0symbiont
- Outcome
- root yielde0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 341.68q/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Radish”
e0“Application of 90% Recommended dose of Fertilizers +10% Spent Mushroom Compost + Farm Yard Manure + Azotobacter + Phosphate Solubilising Bacteriarecorded maximum number of leaves (15.68), leaf size (21.01 x 9.88 cm), root size (18.80 x 2.86 cm), root weight (130.42 g), root yield (341.68q/ha)”
Claim · model-written summary
The 60% fertilizer combination was best for radish quality attributes.
- Taxon
- RadishRaphanus sativust0
- Treatment
- 60% Recommended dose of fertilizers +40% Spent Mushroom Compost+ Farm Yard Manure + Azotobacter + Phosphate Solubilising Bacteriae0
- Interactor
- AzotobacterAzotobactere0symbiont
- Second interactor
- Phosphate Solubilising Bacteriae0symbiont
- Outcome
- quality attributese0
- Direction
- beste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Radish”
e0“60% Recommended dose of fertilizers +40% Spent Mushroom Compost+ Farm Yard Manure + Azotobacter + Phosphate Solubilising Bacteria proved best for quality attributes.”
Claim · model-written summary
T6 increased radish yield by 11.44% over standard practices.
- Taxon
- RadishRaphanus sativust0
- Treatment
- T6e0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- Increasee0
- Value
- 11.44%e0
- Comparator
- standard practicese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Radish”
e0“Increase in yield under T6 was to the tune 11.44% over standard practices.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest integrated nutrient management may maintain soil health for sustainable crop production.
- Taxon
- RadishRaphanus sativust0
- Treatment
- integrated nutrient management approachese0
- Outcome
- maintain soil health for sustainable crop productione0
- Qualifier
- maye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Radish”
e0“Our findings of integrated nutrient management approaches may effectively address the present notion of “farming for health” to maintain soil health for sustainable crop production.”
The same questions in other papers
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- positive
Azotobacter · growth · Raphanus sativus (radish)Results agree
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Azotobacter · yield · Raphanus sativus (radish)Results agree
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89 papers in the same direction as this paper · 18 in the opposite direction · 3 reporting no difference from an alternative
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See all 111 papers →8 of 11 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.