Abstract
Recently, the phenomenon of late sowing and late transplanting in rice is becoming more and more common in central Jiangsu, a rice and wheat double cropping system area, which is caused by climate change and the expanding of comprehensive rice-and-shrimp planting model. It will lead to the mismatch of rice growth period with light and temperature resources, restricting the stable high yield of rice. This study was conducted under the condition of late sowing and late transplanting (sowing date was June 12th, transplanting date was June 30th) and the seedling was transplanted by machine. Four nitrogen application rates (N0: 0 kg hm-2; N240: 240 kg hm-2; N300: 300 kg hm-2; N360: 360 kg hm-2) and three density treatments (D3: 3 seedlings per hole; D4: 4 seedlings per hole; D5: 5 seedlings per hole) were arranged, and the suitable sowing period (May 29), conventional nitrogen application rate, and the seedling number per hole (N300D4) were taken as the controls. Our goal is to explore the effects of nitrogen fertilizer and seedling number per hole on the growth and yield formation in late-sown japonica rice, and to provide theoretical basis for improving yield potential and resource use efficiency in late sowing and late transplanting japonica rice in central Jiangsu province. The results showed that compared with CK, the yield of each treatment decreased, mainly because of the significantly reduced spikelet number under the late sowing and late transplanting condition. The highest spikelet numbers were 11.94% and 8.12% lower than those of CK in the two years. In addition, the utilization rate of temperature and light resources, nitrogen uptake, and nitrogen utilization rate decreased under late sowing and late transplanting treatment, leading to a decrease in dry matter accumulation and yield. The yield increased with the increase of nitrogen application rate and seedling number per hole under the late sowing and late transplanting condition, while there was no consistent with the trend under N360D5 treatment. We assumed that it was mainly due to the increased spikelet number, larger leaf area index at heading stage, the larger proportion of efficient leaf, and the extended growth period. In summary, the utilization of temperature and light resources and the dry matter accumulation at maturity stage was improved, and the decline in yield was alleviated. Nitrogen use efficiency increased first and then decreased with the increase of nitrogen rate, and N300D5 treatment reached the maximum. In general, under the late sowing and late transplanting condition, in order to alleviate the yield loss and reduce nitrogen fertilizer waste, we should increase the seedling number per hole and then increase the amount of nitrogen fertilizer.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by-nc-nd. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Late sowing and transplanting reduced rice yield against CK.
- Taxon
- japonica rice
_by_Augustus_Binu.jpg?width=60)
Oryza sativa Japonica Groupt0 - Treatment
- late sowing and late transplanting conditione0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- CKe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_by_Augustus_Binu.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“The results showed that compared with CK, the yield of each treatment decreased, mainly because of the significantly reduced spikelet number under the late sowing and late transplanting condition.”
t0“japonica rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Late sowing and transplanting significantly reduced spikelet number.
- Taxon
- japonica riceOryza sativa Japonica Groupt0
- Treatment
- late sowing and late transplanting conditione0
- Outcome
- spikelet numbere0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- CKe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results showed that compared with CK, the yield of each treatment decreased, mainly because of the significantly reduced spikelet number under the late sowing and late transplanting condition.”
t0“japonica rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest spikelet number was 11.94% lower than CK in one year.
- Taxon
- japonica riceOryza sativa Japonica Groupt0
- Outcome
- spikelet numberse0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Value
- 11.94%e0
- Comparator
- CKe0
Not reportedTreatment
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest spikelet numbers were 11.94% and 8.12% lower than those of CK in the two years.”
t0“japonica rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest spikelet number was 8.12% lower than CK in the other year.
- Taxon
- japonica riceOryza sativa Japonica Groupt0
- Outcome
- spikelet numberse0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Value
- 8.12%e0
- Comparator
- CKe0
Not reportedTreatment
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest spikelet numbers were 11.94% and 8.12% lower than those of CK in the two years.”
t0“japonica rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Late sowing reduced utilization of temperature and light resources.
- Taxon
- japonica riceOryza sativa Japonica Groupt0
- Treatment
- late sowing and late transplanting treatmente0
- Outcome
- utilization rate of temperature and light resourcese0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In addition, the utilization rate of temperature and light resources, nitrogen uptake, and nitrogen utilization rate decreased under late sowing and late transplanting treatment, leading to a decrease in dry matter accumulation and yield.”
t0“japonica rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Late sowing reduced nitrogen uptake and utilization rate.
- Taxon
- japonica riceOryza sativa Japonica Groupt0
- Treatment
- late sowing and late transplanting treatmente0
- Outcome
- nitrogen uptake, and nitrogen utilization ratee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In addition, the utilization rate of temperature and light resources, nitrogen uptake, and nitrogen utilization rate decreased under late sowing and late transplanting treatment, leading to a decrease in dry matter accumulation and yield.”
t0“japonica rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Late sowing reduced dry matter accumulation.
- Taxon
- japonica riceOryza sativa Japonica Groupt0
- Treatment
- late sowing and late transplanting treatmente0
- Outcome
- dry matter accumulatione0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In addition, the utilization rate of temperature and light resources, nitrogen uptake, and nitrogen utilization rate decreased under late sowing and late transplanting treatment, leading to a decrease in dry matter accumulation and yield.”
t0“japonica rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice yield increased with nitrogen rate and seedling density except for an inconsistent N360D5 trend.
- Taxon
- japonica riceOryza sativa Japonica Groupt0
- Treatment
- nitrogen application rate and seedling number per holee0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- no consistent with the trend under N360D5 treatmente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The yield increased with the increase of nitrogen application rate and seedling number per hole under the late sowing and late transplanting condition, while there was no consistent with the trend under N360D5 treatment.”
t0“japonica rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors attributed yield changes to spikelet number, leaf area, efficient leaves and growth period.
- Taxon
- japonica riceOryza sativa Japonica Groupt0
- Outcome
- increased spikelet numbere0
- Qualifier
- larger leaf area index at heading stage, the larger proportion of efficient leaf, and the extended growth periode0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“We assumed that it was mainly due to the increased spikelet number, larger leaf area index at heading stage, the larger proportion of efficient leaf, and the extended growth period.”
t0“japonica rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The treatments improved temperature and light resource use and mature dry matter accumulation.
- Taxon
- japonica riceOryza sativa Japonica Groupt0
- Outcome
- utilization of temperature and light resources and the dry matter accumulation at maturity stagee0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In summary, the utilization of temperature and light resources and the dry matter accumulation at maturity stage was improved, and the decline in yield was alleviated.”
t0“japonica rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The treatments alleviated the decline in yield.
- Taxon
- japonica riceOryza sativa Japonica Groupt0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- alleviatede0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In summary, the utilization of temperature and light resources and the dry matter accumulation at maturity stage was improved, and the decline in yield was alleviated.”
t0“japonica rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen use efficiency rose and then fell with increasing nitrogen rate.
- Taxon
- japonica riceOryza sativa Japonica Groupt0
- Treatment
- increase of nitrogen ratee0
- Outcome
- Nitrogen use efficiencye0
- Direction
- increased first and then decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen use efficiency increased first and then decreased with the increase of nitrogen rate, and N300D5 treatment reached the maximum.”
t0“japonica rice”
Claim · model-written summary
N300D5 produced maximum nitrogen use efficiency.
- Taxon
- japonica riceOryza sativa Japonica Groupt0
- Treatment
- N300D5 treatmente0
- Outcome
- Nitrogen use efficiencye0
- Direction
- maximume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen use efficiency increased first and then decreased with the increase of nitrogen rate, and N300D5 treatment reached the maximum.”
t0“japonica rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend increasing seedling number before nitrogen fertilizer to reduce yield loss and waste.
- Taxon
- japonica riceOryza sativa Japonica Groupt0
- Outcome
- increase the seedling number per hole and then increase the amount of nitrogen fertilizere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In general, under the late sowing and late transplanting condition, in order to alleviate the yield loss and reduce nitrogen fertilizer waste, we should increase the seedling number per hole and then increase the amount of nitrogen fertilizer.”
t0“japonica rice”
The same questions in other papers
sowing time · soil: physics · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- no effect
sowing time · nutrient: content · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
5 papers more in this group
See all 9 papers →transplanting · soil: physics · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 12 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
10 papers more in this group
See all 14 papers →transplanting · nutrient: content · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
6 papers in the same direction as this paper · 76 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
79 papers more in this group
See all 83 papers →sowing time · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
69 papers in the same direction as this paper · 123 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
189 papers more in this group
See all 193 papers →transplanting · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
155 papers in the same direction as this paper · 922 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
1,074 papers more in this group
See all 1,078 papers →nitrogen · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
1,802 papers in the same direction as this paper · 193 in the opposite direction · 49 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- negative
2,041 papers more in this group
See all 2,045 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.