Paper · 1957 · Agronomy Journal

Availability of Ammoniacal Nitrogen to Lowland Rice as Influenced by Fertilizer Placement1

D. S. Mikkelsen; D. C. Finfrock

4
claims
6
verbatim quotes
28
citations
2
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

Sypnosis Sub‐surface (drilled) placement of ammonium nitrogen produced better growth and yields of lowland rice than similar nitrogen applied on the soil surface (broadcast). Nitrogen content of rice plants and percentage recovery of the applied nitrogen also increased. Ammonium nitrogen drilled 2 to 4 inches into the soil, where reducing conditions developed 3 to 5 days after flooding, remained in the soil and was available to lowland rice. Surface nitrogen, applied by broadcast methods, did not promote the best growth of rice. Losses of surface applied nitrogen apparently occurred through processes of nitrification and subsequently denitrification.

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Claims 4

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Subsurface ammonium placement improved rice growth over surface broadcasting.

Taxon
lowland ricee0
Treatment
Sub‐surface (drilled) placement of ammonium nitrogene0
Outcome
growthe0
Direction
bettere0
Comparator
similar nitrogen applied on the soil surface (broadcast)e0

Verbatim

e0

“Sub‐surface (drilled) placement of ammonium nitrogen produced better growth and yields of lowland rice than similar nitrogen applied on the soil surface (broadcast)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–173 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Subsurface ammonium placement improved rice yields over surface broadcasting.

Taxon
lowland ricee0
Treatment
Sub‐surface (drilled) placement of ammonium nitrogene0
Outcome
yieldse0
Direction
bettere0
Comparator
similar nitrogen applied on the soil surface (broadcast)e0

Verbatim

e0

“Sub‐surface (drilled) placement of ammonium nitrogen produced better growth and yields of lowland rice than similar nitrogen applied on the soil surface (broadcast)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–173 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Rice nitrogen content increased with drilled ammonium placement.

Treatment
Sub‐surface (drilled) placement of ammonium nitrogene1
Outcome
Nitrogen content of rice plantse0
Direction
increasede0
Comparator
similar nitrogen applied on the soil surface (broadcast)e1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Nitrogen content of rice plants and percentage recovery of the applied nitrogen also increased”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 175–269 · show in text ↑
e1

“Sub‐surface (drilled) placement of ammonium nitrogen produced better growth and yields of lowland rice than similar nitrogen applied on the soil surface (broadcast)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–173 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Recovery of applied nitrogen increased with drilled placement.

Treatment
Sub‐surface (drilled) placement of ammonium nitrogene1
Outcome
percentage recovery of the applied nitrogene0
Direction
increasede0
Comparator
similar nitrogen applied on the soil surface (broadcast)e1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Nitrogen content of rice plants and percentage recovery of the applied nitrogen also increased”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 175–269 · show in text ↑
e1

“Sub‐surface (drilled) placement of ammonium nitrogen produced better growth and yields of lowland rice than similar nitrogen applied on the soil surface (broadcast)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–173 · show in text ↑

transplanting · nutrient: content · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results

83 papers: 76 positive, 7 negative or no effect

75 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. negative

79 papers more in this group

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transplanting · growth · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results

227 papers: 190 positive, 37 negative or no effect

189 papers in the same direction as this paper · 32 in the opposite direction · 5 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. no effect

223 papers more in this group

See all 227 papers →

nitrogen · nutrient: content · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results

464 papers: 409 positive, 55 negative or no effect

408 papers in the same direction as this paper · 52 in the opposite direction · 3 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
  2. negative
  3. no effect

460 papers more in this group

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nitrogen · growth · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results

511 papers: 402 positive, 109 negative or no effect

401 papers in the same direction as this paper · 101 in the opposite direction · 8 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
  2. negative
  3. negative

507 papers more in this group

See all 511 papers →

transplanting · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results

1,078 papers: 922 positive, 156 negative or no effect

921 papers in the same direction as this paper · 132 in the opposite direction · 24 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. no effect
  3. no effect

1,074 papers more in this group

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nitrogen · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results

2,045 papers: 1,803 positive, 242 negative or no effect

1,802 papers in the same direction as this paper · 193 in the opposite direction · 49 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. negative

2,041 papers more in this group

See all 2,045 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.