Abstract
Momilactones A (MA) and B (MB) are known as phytoalexins which principally play a role in the rice defense system against pathogens. This is the first study revealing that MA and MB contribute to rice tolerance to environmental stresses, including ultraviolet (UV) radiation and chilling conditions. The proofs were achieved by scrutinizing the responses of rice under stresses through the expression of relevant biosynthetic genes to momilactones (MRBG) and phenolics (PRBG) and their accumulation. Accordingly, the expression tendency of PRBG was in line with that of MRBGs, which increased under UV irradiation but decreased under chilling conditions. In UV-exposed rice, the proliferation of MA and MB strongly correlated to that of salicylic and chlorogenic acids, esculetin, rutin, and fisetin. In terms of increasing chilling duration, the biosynthetic propensity of MB was consistent with that of benzoic, cinnamic, ρ-coumaric, salicylic, and syringic acids, quercetin, and tricin while the syntheses of MA and other compounds were reduced. The concomitant biosyntheses of momilactones with these acknowledged stress-resistant phenolics imply that momilactones might play a role as signaling molecules in the response mechanism of rice to UV and chilling stresses. Further comprehensive studies should be conducted to validate this paradigmatic finding.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
MA and MB were implicated in rice tolerance to UV and chilling stresses.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Outcome
- rice tolerance to environmental stressese0
- Qualifier
- including ultraviolet (UV) radiation and chilling conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“MA and MB contribute to rice tolerance to environmental stresses, including ultraviolet (UV) radiation and chilling conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
PRBG and MRBG expression increased under UV irradiation.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- UV irradiatione0
- Gene
- PRBGe0
- Outcome
- expression tendency of PRBG was in line with that of MRBGse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the expression tendency of PRBG was in line with that of MRBGs, which increased under UV irradiation”
e1“contribute to rice tolerance”
Claim · model-written summary
PRBG and MRBG expression decreased under chilling.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- chilling conditionse0
- Outcome
- expression tendency of PRBG was in line with that of MRBGse2
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“decreased under chilling conditions”
e1“contribute to rice tolerance”
e2“expression tendency of PRBG was in line with that of MRBGs”
Claim · model-written summary
Under UV, MA and MB proliferation correlated with salicylic and chlorogenic acids, esculetin, rutin, and fisetin.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- UV-exposede0
- Compound
- salicylic and chlorogenic acids, esculetin, rutin, and fisetine0
- Outcome
- proliferation of MA and MBe0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In UV-exposed rice, the proliferation of MA and MB strongly correlated to that of salicylic and chlorogenic acids, esculetin, rutin, and fisetin”
Claim · model-written summary
With longer chilling, MB biosynthesis was consistent with several phenolics.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Compound
- benzoic, cinnamic, ρ-coumaric, salicylic, and syringic acids, quercetin, and tricine0
- Outcome
- biosynthetic propensity of MBe0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the biosynthetic propensity of MB was consistent with that of benzoic, cinnamic, ρ-coumaric, salicylic, and syringic acids, quercetin, and tricin”
e1“contribute to rice tolerance”
Claim · model-written summary
MA and other compound synthesis decreased with increasing chilling duration.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- increasing chilling duratione2
- Outcome
- syntheses of MA and other compoundse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the syntheses of MA and other compounds were reduced”
e1“contribute to rice tolerance”
e2“increasing chilling duration”
Claim · model-written summary
Concurrent momilactone and phenolic biosynthesis suggested a possible signaling role for momilactones under UV and chilling.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Outcome
- response mechanism of rice to UV and chilling stressese0
- Qualifier
- might play a role as signaling moleculese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“momilactones might play a role as signaling molecules in the response mechanism of rice to UV and chilling stresses”
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