Abstract
Although, in maize, sunlight-regulated anthocyanin formation in vegetative tissues is observed only in the cultivars harbouring homozygous recessive pl loci, the identity of the photoreceptor mediating this process is not yet fully established. In this study the nature of photoreceptor(s) mediating this response was examined using an Indian hybrid maize cultivar (Kanchan-521). The etiolated maize seedlings of this cultivar on exposure to sunlight formed anthocyanin in all vegetative organs. Sunlight elicited photoinduction of anthocyanin with a slow increase between 4–16 h after the sunlight exposure, followed by a rapid increase between 16–24 h. The photoinduction of anthocyanin was primarily mediated by the UV-B component of sunlight and could be elicited by exposure to an artificial UV-B light source. The sunlight-mediated induction of anthocyanin was reduced if the sunlight exposure was terminated with a far-red pulse before transfer to darkness, indicating a coaction of phytochrome in this photoresponse. Exposure to sunlight also stimulated phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) activity in all organs with two temporally separated peaks. The first peak of PAL between 4–12 h was induced by phytochrome, and the second peak of PAL between 12–24 h was induced by UV-B light. These results indicate that the photoinduction of anthocyanin in maize is mediated by a coaction of UV-B light and phytochrome.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Etiolated Kanchan-521 maize seedlings formed anthocyanin in all vegetative organs after sunlight exposure.
- Material
- this cultivare0
- Organ / stage
- all vegetative organse0
- Treatment
- exposure to sunlighte0
- Outcome
- formed anthocyanine0
Zea maysNot reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The etiolated maize seedlings of this cultivar on exposure to sunlight formed anthocyanin in all vegetative organs.”
Claim · model-written summary
Sunlight induced a slow anthocyanin rise at 4–16 h and a rapid rise at 16–24 h.
- Treatment
- Sunlighte0
- Outcome
- anthocyanine0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- between 4–16 h after the sunlight exposure, followed by a rapid increase between 16–24 he0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sunlight elicited photoinduction of anthocyanin with a slow increase between 4–16 h after the sunlight exposure, followed by a rapid increase between 16–24 h.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
UV-B primarily mediated sunlight induction of anthocyanin, and artificial UV-B elicited it.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The photoinduction of anthocyanin was primarily mediated by the UV-B component of sunlight and could be elicited by exposure to an artificial UV-B light source.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
A far-red pulse reduced sunlight induction of anthocyanin.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The sunlight-mediated induction of anthocyanin was reduced if the sunlight exposure was terminated with a far-red pulse before transfer to darkness”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Sunlight stimulated PAL activity in all organs with two peaks.
- Organ / stage
- all organse0
- Treatment
- Exposure to sunlighte0
- Gene
- phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL)e0
- Outcome
- phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) activitye0
- Direction
- stimulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Exposure to sunlight also stimulated phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) activity in all organs with two temporally separated peaks.”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Phytochrome induced the first PAL peak at 4–12 h.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The first peak of PAL between 4–12 h was induced by phytochrome”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
UV-B induced the second PAL peak at 12–24 h.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the second peak of PAL between 12–24 h was induced by UV-B light.”
t0“maize”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.