Abstract
The exposure of plants to non-lethal low temperatures may increase their tolerance to a subsequent severe chilling stress. To some extent, this is also true for cold-sensitive species, including maize. In the present work, based on our previous microarray experiment, the differentially expressed genes with phenylpropanoid pathways in the focus were further investigated in relation to changes in certain phenolic compounds and other plant growth regulators. Phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) was mainly activated under limited light conditions. However, light-induced anthocyanin accumulation occurred both in the leaves and roots. Chilling stress induced the accumulation of salicylic acid (SA), but this accumulation was moderated in the cold-acclimated plants. Acclimation also reduced the accumulation of jasmonic acid (JA) in the leaves, which was rather induced in the roots. The level of abscisic acid (ABA) is mainly related to the level of the stress, and less indicated the level of the acclimation. The highest glutathione (GSH) amount was observed during the recovery period in the leaves of plants that were cold acclimated at growth light, while their precursors started to accumulate GSH even during the chilling. In conclusion, different light conditions during the cold acclimation period differentially affected certain stress-related mechanisms in young maize plants and changes were also light-dependent in the root, not only in the leaves.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
PAL was activated mainly under limited light.
- Gene
- Phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL)e0
- Outcome
- was mainly activatede0
- Setting
- limited light conditionse0
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) was mainly activated under limited light conditions”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Light induced anthocyanin accumulation in leaves and roots.
- Organ / stage
- leaves and rootse0
- Treatment
- lighte0
- Outcome
- anthocyanin accumulatione0
- Direction
- light-inducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“light-induced anthocyanin accumulation occurred both in the leaves and roots”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Chilling induced salicylic acid accumulation.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chilling stress induced the accumulation of salicylic acid (SA)”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Cold acclimation moderated chilling-induced salicylic acid accumulation.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“this accumulation was moderated in the cold-acclimated plants”
e1“Chilling stress induced the accumulation of salicylic acid (SA)”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Acclimation reduced jasmonic acid accumulation in leaves.
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- Acclimatione0
- Outcome
- accumulation of jasmonic acid (JA)e0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Acclimation also reduced the accumulation of jasmonic acid (JA) in the leaves”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Acclimation induced jasmonic acid accumulation in roots.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“jasmonic acid (JA) in the leaves, which was rather induced in the roots”
e1“Acclimation also reduced the accumulation of jasmonic acid (JA) in the leaves”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
ABA level related more to stress level than acclimation level.
- Treatment
- level of the stresse0
- Outcome
- level of abscisic acid (ABA)e0
- Comparator
- level of the acclimatione0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The level of abscisic acid (ABA) is mainly related to the level of the stress, and less indicated the level of the acclimation”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf glutathione was highest during recovery after acclimation at growth light.
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- cold acclimated at growth lighte0
- Outcome
- glutathione (GSH) amounte0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Setting
- recovery periode0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest glutathione (GSH) amount was observed during the recovery period in the leaves of plants that were cold acclimated at growth light”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Glutathione precursors accumulated even during chilling.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“their precursors started to accumulate GSH even during the chilling”
t0“Maize”
The same questions in other papers
light · quality: phytochemicals · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
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See all 7 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.