Abstract
Exposure of banana plants, one of the most important tropical and subtropical plants, to low temperatures causes a severe drop in productivity, as they are sensitive to cold and do not have a strong defense system against chilling. Therefore, this study aimed to improve the growth and resistance to cold stress of banana plants using foliar treatments of chitosan nanoparticles (CH-NPs). CH-NPs produced by nanotechnology have been used to enhance tolerance and plant growth under different abiotic stresses, e.g., salinity and drought; however, there is little information available about their effects on banana plants under cold stress. In this study, banana plants were sprayed with four concentrations of CH-NPs—i.e., 0, 100, 200, and 400 mg L−1 of deionized water—and a group that had not been cold stressed or undergone CH-NP treatment was used as control. Banana plants (Musa acuminata var. Baxi) were grown in a growth chamber and exposed to cold stress (5 °C for 72 h). Foliar application of CH-NPs caused significant increases (p < 0.05) in most of the growth parameters and in the nutrient content of the banana plants. Spraying banana plants with CH-NPs (400 mg L−1) increased the fresh and dry weights by 14 and 41%, respectively, compared to the control. A positive correlation was found between the foliar application of CH-NPs, on the one hand, and photosynthesis pigments and antioxidant enzyme activities on the other. Spraying banana plants with CH-NPs decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), i.e., hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), hydroxyl radicals (•OH), and superoxide anions (O2•−). CH-NPs (400 mg L−1) decreased MDA, H2O2, •OH, and O2•− by 33, 33, 40, and 48%, respectively, compared to the unsprayed plants. We hypothesize that CH-NPs increase the efficiency of banana plants in the face of cold stress by reducing the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and, in consequence, the degree of oxidative stress. The accumulation of osmoprotectants (soluble carbohydrates, proline, and amino acids) contributed to enhancing the cold stress tolerance in the banana plants. Foliar application of CH-NPs can be used as a sustainable and economically feasible approach to achieving cold stress tolerance.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Chitosan nanoparticle spray significantly increased most banana growth parameters and nutrient content.
- Taxon
- bananat0
- Treatment
- Foliar application of CH-NPse0
- Outcome
- growth parameters and in the nutrient contente0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Value
- p < 0.05e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Foliar application of CH-NPs caused significant increases (p < 0.05) in most of the growth parameters and in the nutrient content of the banana plants.”
t0“Banana”
Claim · model-written summary
At 400 mg L−1 CH-NPs increased banana fresh weight by 14% versus control.
Verbatim
e0“Spraying banana plants with CH-NPs (400 mg L−1) increased the fresh and dry weights by 14 and 41%, respectively, compared to the control.”
t0“Banana”
Claim · model-written summary
At 400 mg L−1 CH-NPs increased banana dry weight by 41% versus control.
Verbatim
e0“Spraying banana plants with CH-NPs (400 mg L−1) increased the fresh and dry weights by 14 and 41%, respectively, compared to the control.”
t0“Banana”
Claim · model-written summary
CH-NP foliar application was positively correlated with photosynthetic pigments and antioxidant enzyme activity.
Verbatim
e0“A positive correlation was found between the foliar application of CH-NPs, on the one hand, and photosynthesis pigments and antioxidant enzyme activities on the other.”
t0“Banana”
Claim · model-written summary
CH-NP spraying decreased MDA in banana plants.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Spraying banana plants with CH-NPs decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), i.e., hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), hydroxyl radicals (•OH), and superoxide anions (O2•−).”
t0“Banana”
Claim · model-written summary
CH-NP spraying decreased ROS in banana plants.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Spraying banana plants with CH-NPs decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), i.e., hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), hydroxyl radicals (•OH), and superoxide anions (O2•−).”
t0“Banana”
Claim · model-written summary
At 400 mg L−1 CH-NPs decreased MDA by 33% versus unsprayed plants.
Verbatim
e0“CH-NPs (400 mg L−1) decreased MDA, H2O2, •OH, and O2•− by 33, 33, 40, and 48%, respectively, compared to the unsprayed plants.”
t0“Banana”
Claim · model-written summary
At 400 mg L−1 CH-NPs decreased H2O2 by 33% versus unsprayed plants.
Verbatim
e0“CH-NPs (400 mg L−1) decreased MDA, H2O2, •OH, and O2•− by 33, 33, 40, and 48%, respectively, compared to the unsprayed plants.”
t0“Banana”
Claim · model-written summary
At 400 mg L−1 CH-NPs decreased hydroxyl radicals by 40% versus unsprayed plants.
Verbatim
e0“CH-NPs (400 mg L−1) decreased MDA, H2O2, •OH, and O2•− by 33, 33, 40, and 48%, respectively, compared to the unsprayed plants.”
t0“Banana”
Claim · model-written summary
At 400 mg L−1 CH-NPs decreased superoxide anions by 48% versus unsprayed plants.
Verbatim
e0“CH-NPs (400 mg L−1) decreased MDA, H2O2, •OH, and O2•− by 33, 33, 40, and 48%, respectively, compared to the unsprayed plants.”
t0“Banana”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors hypothesize that reduced ROS and oxidative stress mediate improved cold tolerance.
Verbatim
e0“We hypothesize that CH-NPs increase the efficiency of banana plants in the face of cold stress by reducing the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and, in consequence, the degree of oxidative stress.”
t0“Banana”
Claim · model-written summary
Accumulated osmoprotectants contributed to enhanced banana cold tolerance.
Verbatim
e0“The accumulation of osmoprotectants (soluble carbohydrates, proline, and amino acids) contributed to enhancing the cold stress tolerance in the banana plants.”
t0“Banana”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend CH-NP foliar application for banana cold tolerance.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar application of CH-NPs can be used as a sustainable and economically feasible approach to achieving cold stress tolerance.”
t0“Banana”
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