Paper · 2018 · Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry

Impact of sowing dates and plant densities on productivity and nutrient uptake of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill).

Balwant Kumar; C Ramesh Naidu; M Srinivasa Reddy; et al.

19
claims
38
verbatim quotes
4
citations
3
research areas
✓
Open access

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted during kharif season, 2014 to study the influence of different sowing dates and plant densities on productivity of soybean. It was comprised of nine treatments with three sowing dates (June 28, July 14 and July 29) as main plot treatments and three row spacings (30 cm x 10 cm, 45 cm x 10 cm and 60 cm x10 cm) as sub plot treatments and replicated thrice. Plant height, drymatter production, leaf area index (LAI), days to 50 per cent flowering, numbers of pods plant-1 (44.7), number of seeds per pod-1(2.2), seed yield (1487 kg ha-1), haulm yield (2496kg ha-1), harvest index (39.1%), test weight (9.9 g) and uptake of nutrients increased with early sowing on June 28 than delayed sowing on July 14 and July 29. July 14 sown crop was on par to June 28 sown crop. Productivity of soybean was inconsistent with different row spacings. The highest plant height, drymatter production, leaf area index (LAI), seed yield (1396 kg ha-1), haulm yield (2386kg ha-1), harvest index (39.2%) and uptake of nutrients were recorded at spacing of 30 cm x 10 cm. More number of days to 50 per cent flowering, highest numbers of pods plant-1 (48.1), number of seeds per pod-1 (2.1) and test weight (9.9 g) were recorded at a spacing of 60 X 10 cm.

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Claims 19

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Early June 28 sowing increased soybean height, dry matter and leaf area index over delayed sowing.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
early sowing on June 28e0
Outcome
Plant height, drymatter production, leaf area index (LAI)e0
Direction
increasede0
Comparator
delayed sowing on July 14 and July 29e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“soybean”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 82–89 · show in text ↑
e0

“Plant height, drymatter production, leaf area index (LAI), days to 50 per cent flowering, numbers of pods plant-1 (44.7), number of seeds per pod-1(2.2), seed yield (1487 kg ha-1), haulm yield (2496kg ha-1), harvest index (39.1%), test weight (9.9 g) and uptake of nutrients increased with early sowing on June 28 than delayed sowing on July 14 and July 29.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 389–746 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

June 28 sowing increased pods per plant to 44.7.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
early sowing on June 28e0
Outcome
numbers of pods plant-1e0
Direction
increasede0
Value
44.7e0
Comparator
delayed sowing on July 14 and July 29e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“soybean”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 82–89 · show in text ↑
e0

“numbers of pods plant-1 (44.7), number of seeds per pod-1(2.2), seed yield (1487 kg ha-1), haulm yield (2496kg ha-1), harvest index (39.1%), test weight (9.9 g) and uptake of nutrients increased with early sowing on June 28 than delayed sowing on July 14 and July 29.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 479–746 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

June 28 sowing increased seeds per pod to 2.2.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
early sowing on June 28e0
Outcome
number of seeds per pod-1e0
Direction
increasede0
Value
2.2e0
Comparator
delayed sowing on July 14 and July 29e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“soybean”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 82–89 · show in text ↑
e0

“number of seeds per pod-1(2.2), seed yield (1487 kg ha-1), haulm yield (2496kg ha-1), harvest index (39.1%), test weight (9.9 g) and uptake of nutrients increased with early sowing on June 28 than delayed sowing on July 14 and July 29.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 511–746 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

June 28 sowing increased seed yield to 1487 kg ha-1.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
early sowing on June 28e0
Outcome
seed yielde0
Direction
increasede0
Value
1487 kg ha-1e0
Comparator
delayed sowing on July 14 and July 29e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“soybean”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 82–89 · show in text ↑
e0

“seed yield (1487 kg ha-1), haulm yield (2496kg ha-1), harvest index (39.1%), test weight (9.9 g) and uptake of nutrients increased with early sowing on June 28 than delayed sowing on July 14 and July 29.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 543–746 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

June 28 sowing increased haulm yield to 2496kg ha-1.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
early sowing on June 28e0
Outcome
haulm yielde0
Direction
increasede0
Value
2496kg ha-1e0
Comparator
delayed sowing on July 14 and July 29e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“soybean”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 82–89 · show in text ↑
e0

“haulm yield (2496kg ha-1), harvest index (39.1%), test weight (9.9 g) and uptake of nutrients increased with early sowing on June 28 than delayed sowing on July 14 and July 29.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 570–746 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

June 28 sowing increased harvest index to 39.1%.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
early sowing on June 28e0
Outcome
harvest indexe0
Direction
increasede0
Value
39.1%e0
Comparator
delayed sowing on July 14 and July 29e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“soybean”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 82–89 · show in text ↑
e0

“harvest index (39.1%), test weight (9.9 g) and uptake of nutrients increased with early sowing on June 28 than delayed sowing on July 14 and July 29.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 597–746 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

June 28 sowing increased test weight to 9.9 g.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
early sowing on June 28e0
Outcome
test weighte0
Direction
increasede0
Value
9.9 ge0
Comparator
delayed sowing on July 14 and July 29e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“soybean”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 82–89 · show in text ↑
e0

“test weight (9.9 g) and uptake of nutrients increased with early sowing on June 28 than delayed sowing on July 14 and July 29.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 620–746 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

June 28 sowing increased nutrient uptake.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
early sowing on June 28e0
Outcome
uptake of nutrientse0
Direction
increasede0
Comparator
delayed sowing on July 14 and July 29e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“soybean”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 82–89 · show in text ↑
e0

“uptake of nutrients increased with early sowing on June 28 than delayed sowing on July 14 and July 29.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 644–746 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

June 28 and July 14 sowing produced comparable crops.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxt0
Outcome
on pare0
Comparator
June 28 sown crope0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“soybean”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 82–89 · show in text ↑
e0

“July 14 sown crop was on par to June 28 sown crop.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 747–797 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Soybean productivity varied inconsistently across row spacings.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxe0
Outcome
Productivity of soybeane0
Direction
inconsistente0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Productivity of soybean was inconsistent with different row spacings.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 798–867 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The 30 cm x 10 cm spacing gave the highest plant height, dry matter and LAI.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
spacing of 30 cm x 10 cme0
Outcome
plant height, drymatter production, leaf area index (LAI)e0
Direction
higheste0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“soybean”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 82–89 · show in text ↑
e0

“The highest plant height, drymatter production, leaf area index (LAI), seed yield (1396 kg ha-1), haulm yield (2386kg ha-1), harvest index (39.2%) and uptake of nutrients were recorded at spacing of 30 cm x 10 cm.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 868–1081 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The 30 cm x 10 cm spacing gave the highest seed yield, 1396 kg ha-1.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
spacing of 30 cm x 10 cme0
Outcome
seed yielde0
Direction
higheste1
Value
1396 kg ha-1e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“soybean”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 82–89 · show in text ↑
e0

“seed yield (1396 kg ha-1), haulm yield (2386kg ha-1), harvest index (39.2%) and uptake of nutrients were recorded at spacing of 30 cm x 10 cm.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 939–1081 · show in text ↑
e1

“The highest plant height”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 868–892 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The 30 cm x 10 cm spacing gave the highest haulm yield, 2386kg ha-1.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
spacing of 30 cm x 10 cme0
Outcome
haulm yielde0
Direction
higheste0
Value
2386kg ha-1e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“soybean”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 82–89 · show in text ↑
e0

“The highest plant height, drymatter production, leaf area index (LAI), seed yield (1396 kg ha-1), haulm yield (2386kg ha-1), harvest index (39.2%) and uptake of nutrients were recorded at spacing of 30 cm x 10 cm.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 868–1081 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The 30 cm x 10 cm spacing gave the highest harvest index, 39.2%.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
spacing of 30 cm x 10 cme0
Outcome
harvest indexe0
Direction
higheste0
Value
39.2%e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“soybean”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 82–89 · show in text ↑
e0

“The highest plant height, drymatter production, leaf area index (LAI), seed yield (1396 kg ha-1), haulm yield (2386kg ha-1), harvest index (39.2%) and uptake of nutrients were recorded at spacing of 30 cm x 10 cm.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 868–1081 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The 30 cm x 10 cm spacing gave the highest nutrient uptake.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
spacing of 30 cm x 10 cme0
Outcome
uptake of nutrientse0
Direction
higheste0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“soybean”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 82–89 · show in text ↑
e0

“The highest plant height, drymatter production, leaf area index (LAI), seed yield (1396 kg ha-1), haulm yield (2386kg ha-1), harvest index (39.2%) and uptake of nutrients were recorded at spacing of 30 cm x 10 cm.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 868–1081 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The 60 X 10 cm spacing gave the highest pods per plant, 48.1.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
spacing of 60 X 10 cme0
Outcome
numbers of pods plant-1e0
Direction
higheste0
Value
48.1e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“soybean”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 82–89 · show in text ↑
e0

“More number of days to 50 per cent flowering, highest numbers of pods plant-1 (48.1), number of seeds per pod-1 (2.1) and test weight (9.9 g) were recorded at a spacing of 60 X 10 cm.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1082–1265 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The 60 X 10 cm spacing gave 2.1 seeds per pod.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
spacing of 60 X 10 cme0
Outcome
number of seeds per pod-1e0
Direction
higheste0
Value
2.1e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“soybean”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 82–89 · show in text ↑
e0

“More number of days to 50 per cent flowering, highest numbers of pods plant-1 (48.1), number of seeds per pod-1 (2.1) and test weight (9.9 g) were recorded at a spacing of 60 X 10 cm.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1082–1265 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The 60 X 10 cm spacing gave 9.9 g test weight.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
spacing of 60 X 10 cme0
Outcome
test weighte0
Direction
higheste0
Value
9.9 ge0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“soybean”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 82–89 · show in text ↑
e0

“More number of days to 50 per cent flowering, highest numbers of pods plant-1 (48.1), number of seeds per pod-1 (2.1) and test weight (9.9 g) were recorded at a spacing of 60 X 10 cm.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1082–1265 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The 60 X 10 cm spacing delayed 50% flowering.

Taxon
soybeanGlycine maxt0
Treatment
spacing of 60 X 10 cme0
Outcome
days to 50 per cent floweringe0
Direction
Moree0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Glycine max
Glycine max · TaxonPublic domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“soybean”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 82–89 · show in text ↑
e0

“More number of days to 50 per cent flowering, highest numbers of pods plant-1 (48.1), number of seeds per pod-1 (2.1) and test weight (9.9 g) were recorded at a spacing of 60 X 10 cm.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1082–1265 · show in text ↑

density · quality: grain · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results

7 papers: 4 positive, 3 negative or no effect

3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. negative

3 papers more in this group

See all 7 papers →

sowing time · nutrient: content · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results

7 papers: 5 positive, 2 negative or no effect

4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. positive

3 papers more in this group

See all 7 papers →

sowing time · quality: grain · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results

8 papers: 4 positive, 4 negative or no effect

3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. negative
  3. no effect

4 papers more in this group

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density · phenology · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results

8 papers: 2 positive, 6 negative or no effect

5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. no effect

4 papers more in this group

See all 8 papers →

sowing time · growth · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results

72 papers: 37 positive, 35 negative or no effect

36 papers in the same direction as this paper · 34 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. negative

68 papers more in this group

See all 72 papers →

density · growth · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results

82 papers: 59 positive, 23 negative or no effect

58 papers in the same direction as this paper · 23 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. no effect
  3. no effect

78 papers more in this group

See all 82 papers →

sowing time · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results

207 papers: 115 positive, 92 negative or no effect

114 papers in the same direction as this paper · 89 in the opposite direction · 3 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. negative
  3. negative

203 papers more in this group

See all 207 papers →

density · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results

305 papers: 207 positive, 98 negative or no effect

206 papers in the same direction as this paper · 94 in the opposite direction · 4 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
  2. negative
  3. no effect

301 papers more in this group

See all 305 papers →

8 of 9 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.