Abstract
Abstract Ten indigenous entomofungal strains of Beauveria bassiana , Metarhizium anisopliae , and M. rileyi were evaluated against 2nd instar larvae of the maize fall armyworm (FAW) Spodptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in a laboratory bioassay. Among the ten strains tested, M. anisopliae ICAR-NBAIR Ma-35 caused 67.8% mortality, followed by B. bassiana ICAR-NBAIR Bb-45 with 64.3%, and ICAR-NBAIR Bb-11 with 57.1% mortality. Rest of the isolates showed 10.7–28.6% mortality. ICAR-NBAIR Ma-35 showed LC 50 of 1.1 × 10 7 spores/ml and LT 50 at 1 × 10 8 spores/ml is 86.04 h and ICAR-NBAIR Bb-45 showed LC 50 of 1.9 × 10 7 spores/ml and LT 50 at 1 × 10 8 spores/ml is 88.30 h. Field evaluation with these two promising strains were conducted against maize fall armyworm for 2 years (2018 and 2019) at ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources experimental farm, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. Field trial results indicated 68 and 69% reduction of FAW infestation and 55 and 62% increase in yield in the plots treated with M. anisopliae ICAR-NBAIR Ma-35/ B. bassiana ICAR-NBAIR Bb-45, respectively, during 2018. In 2019, 70 and 76% reduction of FAW infestation and 44 and 55% increase in yield were observed in the plots treated with these two entomofungal pathogens, respectively.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Metarhizium anisopliae ICAR-NBAIR Ma-35 caused 67.8% mortality of fall armyworm larvae in a laboratory bioassay.
- Treatment
- M. anisopliae ICAR-NBAIR Ma-35e1
- Interactor
- Spodoptera frugiperda
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Spodoptera frugiperdat1pest - Second interactor
- M. anisopliae ICAR-NBAIR Ma-35
Metarhizium anisopliaee1biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- mortalitye1
- Direction
- increaseinferrede1
- Value
- 67.8%e1
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“in maize”
t1“invasive pest Spodoptera frugiperda”
e1“M. anisopliae ICAR-NBAIR Ma-35 caused 67.8% mortality”
Claim · model-written summary
Beauveria bassiana ICAR-NBAIR Bb-45 caused 64.3% mortality of fall armyworm larvae in a laboratory bioassay.
- Treatment
- B. bassiana ICAR-NBAIR Bb-45e2
- Interactor
- Spodoptera frugiperdaSpodoptera frugiperdat1pest
- Second interactor
- B. bassiana ICAR-NBAIR Bb-45
Beauveria bassianae2biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- mortalitye2
- Direction
- increaseinferrede2
- Value
- 64.3%e2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in maize”
t1“invasive pest Spodoptera frugiperda”
e2“followed by B. bassiana ICAR-NBAIR Bb-45 with 64.3%, and ICAR-NBAIR Bb-11 with 57.1% mortality”
Claim · model-written summary
Beauveria bassiana ICAR-NBAIR Bb-11 caused 57.1% mortality of fall armyworm larvae in a laboratory bioassay.
- Treatment
- ICAR-NBAIR Bb-11e2
- Interactor
- Spodoptera frugiperdaSpodoptera frugiperdat1pest
- Second interactor
- ICAR-NBAIR Bb-11e2biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- mortalitye2
- Direction
- increaseinferrede2
- Value
- 57.1%e2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in maize”
t1“invasive pest Spodoptera frugiperda”
e2“followed by B. bassiana ICAR-NBAIR Bb-45 with 64.3%, and ICAR-NBAIR Bb-11 with 57.1% mortality”
Claim · model-written summary
The remaining isolates caused 10.7–28.6% mortality of fall armyworm larvae.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in maize”
t1“invasive pest Spodoptera frugiperda”
e3“Rest of the isolates showed 10.7–28.6% mortality”
Claim · model-written summary
Ma-35 had an LC 50 of 1.1 × 10 7 spores/ml against fall armyworm larvae.
- Material
- ICAR-NBAIR Ma-35e4
- Interactor
- Spodoptera frugiperdaSpodoptera frugiperdat1pest
- Outcome
- LC 50e4
- Value
- 1.1 × 10 7 spores/mle4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in maize”
t1“invasive pest Spodoptera frugiperda”
e4“ICAR-NBAIR Ma-35 showed LC 50 of 1.1 × 10 7 spores/ml”
Claim · model-written summary
Ma-35 had an LT 50 of 86.04 h at 1 × 10 8 spores/ml.
- Material
- ICAR-NBAIR Ma-35e5
- Interactor
- Spodoptera frugiperdaSpodoptera frugiperdat1pest
- Outcome
- LT 50e5
- Value
- 86.04 he5
- Qualifier
- at 1 × 10 8 spores/mle5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in maize”
t1“invasive pest Spodoptera frugiperda”
e5“ICAR-NBAIR Ma-35 showed LC 50 of 1.1 × 10 7 spores/ml and LT 50 at 1 × 10 8 spores/ml is 86.04 h”
Claim · model-written summary
Bb-45 had an LC 50 of 1.9 × 10 7 spores/ml against fall armyworm larvae.
- Material
- ICAR-NBAIR Bb-45e6
- Interactor
- Spodoptera frugiperdaSpodoptera frugiperdat1pest
- Outcome
- LC 50e6
- Value
- 1.9 × 10 7 spores/mle6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in maize”
t1“invasive pest Spodoptera frugiperda”
e6“ICAR-NBAIR Bb-45 showed LC 50 of 1.9 × 10 7 spores/ml”
Claim · model-written summary
Bb-45 had an LT 50 of 88.30 h at 1 × 10 8 spores/ml.
- Material
- ICAR-NBAIR Bb-45e7
- Interactor
- Spodoptera frugiperdaSpodoptera frugiperdat1pest
- Outcome
- LT 50e7
- Value
- 88.30 he7
- Qualifier
- at 1 × 10 8 spores/mle7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in maize”
t1“invasive pest Spodoptera frugiperda”
e7“ICAR-NBAIR Bb-45 showed LC 50 of 1.9 × 10 7 spores/ml and LT 50 at 1 × 10 8 spores/ml is 88.30 h”
Claim · model-written summary
In 2018, Ma-35 and Bb-45 treatments reduced fall armyworm infestation by 68 and 69%, respectively.
- Treatment
- M. anisopliae ICAR-NBAIR Ma-35/ B. bassiana ICAR-NBAIR Bb-45e2
- Interactor
- Spodoptera frugiperdaSpodoptera frugiperdat1pest
- Outcome
- FAW infestatione2
- Direction
- reductione2
- Value
- 68 and 69%e2
- Qualifier
- during 2018e2
- Setting
- Bengaluru, Karnataka, Indiae3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in maize”
t1“invasive pest Spodoptera frugiperda”
e2“Field trial results indicated 68 and 69% reduction of FAW infestation and 55 and 62% increase in yield in the plots treated with M. anisopliae ICAR-NBAIR Ma-35/ B. bassiana ICAR-NBAIR Bb-45, respectively, during 2018”
e3“ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources experimental farm, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India”
Claim · model-written summary
In 2018, Ma-35 and Bb-45 treatments increased maize yield by 55 and 62%, respectively.
- Treatment
- M. anisopliae ICAR-NBAIR Ma-35/ B. bassiana ICAR-NBAIR Bb-45e2
- Outcome
- yielde2
- Direction
- increasee2
- Value
- 55 and 62%e2
- Qualifier
- during 2018e2
- Setting
- Bengaluru, Karnataka, Indiae3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in maize”
e2“Field trial results indicated 68 and 69% reduction of FAW infestation and 55 and 62% increase in yield in the plots treated with M. anisopliae ICAR-NBAIR Ma-35/ B. bassiana ICAR-NBAIR Bb-45, respectively, during 2018”
e3“ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources experimental farm, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India”
Claim · model-written summary
In 2019, Ma-35 and Bb-45 treatments reduced fall armyworm infestation by 70 and 76%, respectively.
- Treatment
- these two entomofungal pathogense2
- Interactor
- Spodoptera frugiperdaSpodoptera frugiperdat1pest
- Outcome
- FAW infestatione2
- Direction
- reductione2
- Value
- 70 and 76%e2
- Qualifier
- In 2019e2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in maize”
t1“invasive pest Spodoptera frugiperda”
e2“In 2019, 70 and 76% reduction of FAW infestation and 44 and 55% increase in yield were observed in the plots treated with these two entomofungal pathogens, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
In 2019, Ma-35 and Bb-45 treatments increased maize yield by 44 and 55%, respectively.
- Treatment
- these two entomofungal pathogense2
- Outcome
- yielde2
- Direction
- increasee2
- Value
- 44 and 55%e2
- Qualifier
- In 2019e2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in maize”
e2“In 2019, 70 and 76% reduction of FAW infestation and 44 and 55% increase in yield were observed in the plots treated with these two entomofungal pathogens, respectively”
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