Abstract
Pea root rot complex, caused by several soil borne fungi is a global major yield-limiting factor for pea production. Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani Kühn, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and Thielaviopsis basicola were isolated, identified and confirmed in pathogenicity test as root rot pathogens involved. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) technique revealed that the filtrates of R. solani, F. oxysporum, S. sclerotiorum and T. basicola contained a variety of toxins that were collected from the chromatogram bands. Fusarium oxysporum (one fraction) produced fusaric acid. Sclerotiniasclerotiorum (two fractions) produced Sclerotinin A. Control of root rot complex of pea using biological agents (BCAs) as Trichoderma harzianum, Rhizobium sp < /em> and Bacillus subtilis was studied to elucidate their disease control efficacy. Soil treated with B. subtilis, T. harzianum, Rhizobium sp < /em> significantly decreased the disease severity after treatment. The treatments gave the highest valued of plant growth parameters. Results showed that the enzyme activities of PGand Cx decreased in treated root pea plants compared to untreated ones such enzymes are supposedly involved in pathogenesis. Further studies are needed to define the best application methods to achieve the most effective disease control.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Four fungi were confirmed as pea root rot pathogens.
- Taxon
- Pea
Lathyrus oleraceust0 - Interactor
- Fusarium oxysporum
_(Fusarium_oxysporum_f.sp._batatas)_1234227-PPT-Clemson_University.jpg?width=60)
Fusarium oxysporume0pathogen - Outcome
- root rot pathogense0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_(Fusarium_oxysporum_f.sp._batatas)_1234227-PPT-Clemson_University.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“Pea (Pisum sativum L.)”
e0“Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani Kühn, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and Thielaviopsis basicola were isolated, identified and confirmed in pathogenicity test as root rot pathogens involved.”
Claim · model-written summary
Pathogen filtrates contained multiple toxins.
- Taxon
- PeaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Interactor
- R. solani
Rhizoctonia solanie0pathogen - Outcome
- a variety of toxinse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Pea (Pisum sativum L.)”
e0“the filtrates of R. solani, F. oxysporum, S. sclerotiorum and T. basicola contained a variety of toxins”
Claim · model-written summary
Fusarium oxysporum produced fusaric acid.
- Taxon
- PeaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Interactor
- Fusarium oxysporumFusarium oxysporume0pathogen
- Outcome
- fusaric acide0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Pea (Pisum sativum L.)”
e0“Fusarium oxysporum (one fraction) produced fusaric acid.”
Claim · model-written summary
Sclerotiniasclerotiorum produced Sclerotinin A.
- Taxon
- PeaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Interactor
- Sclerotiniasclerotiorume0pathogen
- Outcome
- Sclerotinin Ae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Pea (Pisum sativum L.)”
e0“Sclerotiniasclerotiorum (two fractions) produced Sclerotinin A.”
Claim · model-written summary
B. subtilis treatment significantly decreased disease severity.
- Taxon
- PeaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- B. subtilise0
- Interactor
- B. subtilis
Bacillus subtilise0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- disease severitye0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Pea (Pisum sativum L.)”
e0“Soil treated with B. subtilis, T. harzianum, Rhizobium sp < /em> significantly decreased the disease severity after treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
T. harzianum treatment significantly decreased disease severity.
- Taxon
- PeaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- T. harzianume0
- Interactor
- T. harzianum
Trichoderma harzianume0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- disease severitye0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Pea (Pisum sativum L.)”
e0“Soil treated with B. subtilis, T. harzianum, Rhizobium sp < /em> significantly decreased the disease severity after treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
Rhizobium treatment significantly decreased disease severity.
- Taxon
- PeaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- Rhizobium spe0
- Outcome
- disease severitye0
- Direction
- decreasede0
RhizobiumNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Pea (Pisum sativum L.)”
e0“Soil treated with B. subtilis, T. harzianum, Rhizobium sp < /em> significantly decreased the disease severity after treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
The biological treatments gave the highest plant growth parameters.
- Taxon
- PeaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- treatmentse0
- Outcome
- plant growth parameterse0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Pea (Pisum sativum L.)”
e0“The treatments gave the highest valued of plant growth parameters.”
Claim · model-written summary
Treated pea roots had reduced PG and Cx enzyme activities.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Organ / stage
- roote0
- Treatment
- treatede0
- Outcome
- enzyme activities of PGand Cxe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- untreated onese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Pea (Pisum sativum L.)”
e0“the enzyme activities of PGand Cx decreased in treated root pea plants compared to untreated ones”
Claim · model-written summary
Further work is recommended to define application methods for effective disease control.
- Taxon
- PeaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Outcome
- best application methodse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Pea (Pisum sativum L.)”
e0“Further studies are needed to define the best application methods to achieve the most effective disease control.”
The same questions in other papers
Bacillus subtilis · disease · Lathyrus oleraceus (pea)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Rhizobium · disease · Lathyrus oleraceus (pea)Results agree
4 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →Trichoderma harzianum · disease · Lathyrus oleraceus (pea)Results agree
6 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.