Abstract
Plants are very vulnerable to pathogen attacks and environmental stress as they are exposed to harsh environments in natural conditions. However, they have evolved a self-defense system whereby reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) act as double-edged swords by imposing (at higher concentration) and mitigating (at lower concentration) environmental stress. Cold plasma is emerging as a feasible option to produce a variety of RONS in a controlled manner when amalgamate with water. Cold plasma activated/treated water (PAW) contains a variety of RONS at concentrations, which may help to activate the plant's defense system components. In the present study, we examine the effect of cold atmospheric-air jet plasma exposure (15 min, 30 min, and 60 min) on the water's RONS level, as well as the impact of PAW irrigation, (assigned as 15PAW, 30PAW, and 60PAW) on tomato seedlings growth and defense response. We found that PAW irrigation (priming) upregulate seedlings growth, endogenous RONS, defense hormone (salicylic acid and jasmonic acid), and expression of key pathogenesis related (PR) gene. 30 min PAW contains RONS at concentrations which can induce non-toxic signaling. The present study suggests that PAW irrigation can be beneficial for agriculture as it modulates plant growth as well as immune response components.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
PAW irrigation increased tomato seedling growth.
- Taxon
- Tomato seedlings
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- PAW irrigation (priming)e0
- Outcome
- seedlings growthe0
- Direction
- upregulatee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“We found that PAW irrigation (priming) upregulate seedlings growth, endogenous RONS, defense hormone (salicylic acid and jasmonic acid), and expression of key pathogenesis related (PR) gene.”
t0“Tomato seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
PAW irrigation increased endogenous RONS in tomato seedlings.
- Taxon
- Tomato seedlingsSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- PAW irrigation (priming)e0
- Outcome
- endogenous RONSe0
- Direction
- upregulatee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“We found that PAW irrigation (priming) upregulate seedlings growth, endogenous RONS, defense hormone (salicylic acid and jasmonic acid), and expression of key pathogenesis related (PR) gene.”
t0“Tomato seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
PAW irrigation increased salicylic acid and jasmonic acid defense hormones in tomato seedlings.
- Taxon
- Tomato seedlingsSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- PAW irrigation (priming)e0
- Outcome
- defense hormone (salicylic acid and jasmonic acid)e0
- Direction
- upregulatee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“We found that PAW irrigation (priming) upregulate seedlings growth, endogenous RONS, defense hormone (salicylic acid and jasmonic acid), and expression of key pathogenesis related (PR) gene.”
t0“Tomato seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
PAW irrigation increased expression of a pathogenesis related gene in tomato seedlings.
- Taxon
- Tomato seedlingsSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- PAW irrigation (priming)e0
- Gene
- pathogenesis related (PR) genee0
- Outcome
- expression of key pathogenesis related (PR) genee0
- Direction
- upregulatee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“We found that PAW irrigation (priming) upregulate seedlings growth, endogenous RONS, defense hormone (salicylic acid and jasmonic acid), and expression of key pathogenesis related (PR) gene.”
t0“Tomato seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Thirty-minute PAW contained RONS concentrations capable of inducing non-toxic signaling.
- Taxon
- Tomato seedlingsSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- 30 min PAWe0
- Outcome
- non-toxic signalinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“30 min PAW contains RONS at concentrations which can induce non-toxic signaling.”
t0“Tomato seedlings”
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