Abstract
To enhancing the efficiency use of phosphate fertilizer in calcareous soil by bio inoculation with (Bacillus megatherium sp.) as PGPR strain and foliar spray with Zn and humic acid (HA) on wheat (Triticium aestavium L., cv. Sakha 93) productivity and nutrients availability in soil after harvest, two field experiments were conducted at El-Nubaria Agricultural Research Station, Alexandria Governorate, Egypt during 2014 and 2015 seasons. The studied treatments involved three P application rates i.e, 0, 6.5 and 13 kg P fed.-1, foliar spraying with Zn (1.5 kg ZnSO4 /400 L water), humic acid (HA) 1.2 L/400 L water and Zn+HA without and with bio-inoculation with (Bacillus megatherium sp.). The results could be summarized as follow: Available N, P, K, Fe, Mn and Zn were significantly increased due to the above mentioned treatments. Foliar spraying with Zn and humic acid in combination with biofertilizer under different P fertilizer rates increased wheat yields and 1000-grain weight as well as N, P, K, Fe, Mn and Zn content and uptake by grains in combined data. Total chlorophyll content and carbohydrates were increased as well as protein content and protein yield. Highest yield efficiency (82.7%) and harvest index (44.7%) were obtained due to the treatment of 6.5 kg P fed.-1 + Zn + bio and 6.5 kg P fed.-1 + Zn, respectively. Apparent P-recovery (APR), P agronomic efficiency (PAE) and P use efficiency (PUE) were markedly decreased with increasing P-addition rates in presence or absence of bio fertilization. Hence, the plants treated with 6.5 kg P fed.-1 + foliar spray with Zn, HA and Zn + HA when inoculated with Bacillus megatherium gave the highest mean values of APR, PUE and PAE. Generally, the treatment of P fertilization (13 kg P fed.-1 combined with Zn + HA) when inoculated with Bacillus megatherium had superior effect in improving soil properties and increasing wheat production, protein content and nutrient uptake with compared to the other treatments under calcareous soil conditions but, in most of them without significant differences with lower rate of 6.5 kg P fed.-1.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
The studied treatments significantly increased available soil N, P, K, Fe, Mn and Zn.
- Taxon
- Wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- above mentioned treatmentse0
- Outcome
- Available N, P, K, Fe, Mn and Zne0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Available N, P, K, Fe, Mn and Zn were significantly increased due to the above mentioned treatments”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined Zn, humic acid, biofertilizer and P rates increased wheat yields and 1000-grain weight.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Foliar spraying with Zn and humic acid in combination with biofertilizer under different P fertilizer ratese0
- Outcome
- wheat yields and 1000-grain weighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar spraying with Zn and humic acid in combination with biofertilizer under different P fertilizer rates increased wheat yields and 1000-grain weight”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined treatments increased N, P, K, Fe, Mn and Zn content and uptake by wheat grain.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Foliar spraying with Zn and humic acid in combination with biofertilizer under different P fertilizer ratese1
- Outcome
- N, P, K, Fe, Mn and Zn content and uptake by grainse0
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“N, P, K, Fe, Mn and Zn content and uptake by grains”
e1“Foliar spraying with Zn and humic acid in combination with biofertilizer under different P fertilizer rates increased wheat yields and 1000-grain weight as well as N, P, K, Fe, Mn and Zn content and uptake by grains”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatments increased total chlorophyll content and carbohydrates in wheat.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- Total chlorophyll content and carbohydratese0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Total chlorophyll content and carbohydrates were increased”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatments increased wheat protein content and protein yield.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- protein content and protein yielde0
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“protein content and protein yield”
e1“Total chlorophyll content and carbohydrates were increased as well as protein content and protein yield”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The 6.5 kg P fed.-1 + Zn + bio treatment yielded the highest yield efficiency, 82.7%.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 6.5 kg P fed.-1 + Zn + bioe0
- Outcome
- yield efficiencye0
- Direction
- Higheste0
- Value
- 82.7%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Highest yield efficiency (82.7%) and harvest index (44.7%) were obtained due to the treatment of 6.5 kg P fed.-1 + Zn + bio and 6.5 kg P fed.-1 + Zn, respectively”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The 6.5 kg P fed.-1 + Zn treatment gave a harvest index of 44.7%.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 6.5 kg P fed.-1 + Zne0
- Outcome
- harvest indexe0
- Value
- 44.7%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Highest yield efficiency (82.7%) and harvest index (44.7%) were obtained due to the treatment of 6.5 kg P fed.-1 + Zn + bio and 6.5 kg P fed.-1 + Zn, respectively”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
APR, PAE and PUE declined as P application rates increased with or without biofertilization.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- increasing P-addition ratese0
- Outcome
- Apparent P-recovery (APR), P agronomic efficiency (PAE) and P use efficiency (PUE)e0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Apparent P-recovery (APR), P agronomic efficiency (PAE) and P use efficiency (PUE) were markedly decreased with increasing P-addition rates in presence or absence of bio fertilization”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
At 6.5 kg P fed.-1, foliar Zn, HA or Zn + HA plus Bacillus inoculation gave the highest mean APR, PUE and PAE.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 6.5 kg P fed.-1 + foliar spray with Zn, HA and Zn + HA when inoculated with Bacillus megatheriume0
- Interactor
- Bacillus megatheriume0symbiont
- Outcome
- APR, PUE and PAEe0
- Direction
- higheste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plants treated with 6.5 kg P fed.-1 + foliar spray with Zn, HA and Zn + HA when inoculated with Bacillus megatherium gave the highest mean values of APR, PUE and PAE”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The 13 kg P fed.-1 plus Zn + HA and Bacillus treatment improved wheat production, protein content and nutrient uptake relative to other treatments.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 13 kg P fed.-1 combined with Zn + HA) when inoculated with Bacillus megatheriume0
- Interactor
- Bacillus megatheriume0symbiont
- Outcome
- wheat production, protein content and nutrient uptakee0
- Direction
- increasinge0
- Comparator
- other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“13 kg P fed.-1 combined with Zn + HA) when inoculated with Bacillus megatherium had superior effect in improving soil properties and increasing wheat production, protein content and nutrient uptake with compared to the other treatments”
t0“Wheat”
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See all 275 papers →8 of 13 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.