Abstract
The ability to utilise foliar-applied phosphorus (P) as a strategy to increase the P status and yield of grain crops grown in dryland regions with variable climates is attractive. Several P formulations with varying pH, accompanying cations and adjuvants were tested for their effectiveness as foliar fertilisers for wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plants, first under controlled and then under field conditions. Experiments under controlled conditions suggested that several formulations with specific chemistries offered promise with respect to wheat fertiliser-P recovery and biomass responses. These formulations were then evaluated in two field experiments, and although wheat grown at the sites showed substantive responses to soil-applied P, there was no significant grain-yield response to foliar-applied P. Following the limited responses to foliar-applied fertiliser in the field, we used an isotopic dilution technique to test the hypothesis that the variation in responses of wheat to foliar addition of P could be explained by a mechanism of substitution, whereby root P uptake is downregulated when P is taken up through the leaves, but this was proven not to be the case. We conclude that foliar P application cannot be used as a tactical fertiliser application to boost grain yield of wheat in dryland regions.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Several foliar P formulations offered promise for wheat P recovery and biomass responses under controlled conditions
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume1 - Treatment
- formulations with specific chemistriese1
- Outcome
- fertiliser-P recovery and biomass responsese1
- Direction
- increaseinferrede1
- Qualifier
- offered promisee1
- Setting
- controlled conditionse2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“several formulations with specific chemistries offered promise with respect to wheat fertiliser-P recovery and biomass responses”
e2“Experiments under controlled conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat at the field sites showed substantive responses to soil-applied P
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume4
- Treatment
- soil-applied Pe4
- Outcome
- substantive responsese4
- Direction
- increaseinferrede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“wheat grown at the sites showed substantive responses to soil-applied P”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar-applied P gave no significant grain-yield response in wheat in two field experiments
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume4
- Treatment
- foliar-applied Pe3
- Outcome
- grain-yield responsee3
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede3
- Setting
- two field experimentse5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“there was no significant grain-yield response to foliar-applied P”
e4“wheat grown at the sites showed substantive responses to soil-applied P”
e5“These formulations were then evaluated in two field experiments”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar P addition did not downregulate root P uptake in wheat (isotopic dilution test of the substitution hypothesis)
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume6
- Treatment
- foliar addition of Pe6
- Outcome
- root P uptakee6
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“we used an isotopic dilution technique to test the hypothesis that the variation in responses of wheat to foliar addition of P could be explained by a mechanism of substitution, whereby root P uptake is downregulated when P is taken up through the leaves, but this was proven not to be the case”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that foliar P application should not be used to boost wheat grain yield in dryland regions
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume7
- Treatment
- foliar P applicatione7
- Outcome
- grain yielde7
- Setting
- dryland regionse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“We conclude that foliar P application cannot be used as a tactical fertiliser application to boost grain yield of wheat in dryland regions”
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