Abstract
The synergistic effects of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria and an arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus (Glomus fasciculatum) on plant growth, yield, and nutrient uptake of wheat plants were determined in field conditions. The triple inoculation of Azotobacter chroococcum with Bacillus and Glomus fasciculatum significantly increased the dry matter by 2.6-fold above the control. Grain yield of plants inoculated with A. chroococcum together with Bacillus sp. and G. fasciculatum was 2-fold higher than that of non-inoculated plants, at 135 days after sowing (DAS). The maximum increase in grain protein (255.2 mg g-1) was observed in plants inoculated with A. chroococcum with Bacillus sp., G. fasciculatum, and Penicillium variabile, while the minimum grain protein (113.7 mg g-1) was with a single inoculation of G. fasciculatum. The higher N content (33.6 mg plant-1) and P content (67.8 mg plant-1) in wheat plants were observed with the co-inoculation of A. chroococcum with Bacillus sp. and G. fasciculatum. The N and P contents of the soil at 135 DAS differed among treatments. Addition of P. variabile to single or double inoculation treatments negatively affected the measured parameters. Populations of A. chroococcum, phosphate solubilizing microorganisms, percentage root infection, and spore density of the AM fungus in some treatments increased at 80 DAS. The findings show that the multiple inoculations with plant growth promoting rhizobacteria consistently increased the growth and yield, N and P concentrations, and quality of wheat grains.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Triple inoculation of A. chroococcum with Bacillus and G. fasciculatum increased wheat dry matter 2.6-fold above the control.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- triple inoculation of Azotobacter chroococcum with Bacillus and Glomus fasciculatume1
- Interactor
- Glomus fasciculatumRhizophagus fasciculatuse1symbiont
- Second interactor
- Azotobacter chroococcumAzotobacter chroococcume1symbiont
- Outcome
- dry mattere1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 2.6-folde1
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on plant growth, yield, and nutrient uptake of wheat plants were determined in field conditions”
e1“The triple inoculation of Azotobacter chroococcum with Bacillus and Glomus fasciculatum significantly increased the dry matter by 2.6-fold above the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain yield of wheat inoculated with A. chroococcum with Bacillus sp. and G. fasciculatum was 2-fold higher than non-inoculated plants at 135 DAS.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- A. chroococcum together with Bacillus sp. and G. fasciculatume2
- Interactor
- G. fasciculatumRhizophagus fasciculatuse2symbiont
- Second interactor
- A. chroococcumAzotobacter chroococcume2symbiont
- Outcome
- Grain yielde2
- Direction
- highere2
- Value
- 2-folde2
- Qualifier
- 135 days after sowinge2
- Comparator
- non-inoculated plantse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on plant growth, yield, and nutrient uptake of wheat plants were determined in field conditions”
e2“Grain yield of plants inoculated with A. chroococcum together with Bacillus sp. and G. fasciculatum was 2-fold higher than that of non-inoculated plants, at 135 days after sowing (DAS)”
Claim · model-written summary
The maximum grain protein increase (255.2 mg g-1) was observed with inoculation of A. chroococcum, Bacillus sp., G. fasciculatum and Penicillium variabile.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- A. chroococcum with Bacillus sp., G. fasciculatum, and Penicillium variabilee3
- Interactor
- G. fasciculatumRhizophagus fasciculatuse3symbiont
- Second interactor
- Penicillium variabileTalaromyces variabilise3other
- Outcome
- grain proteine3
- Direction
- maximum increasee3
- Value
- 255.2 mg g-1e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on plant growth, yield, and nutrient uptake of wheat plants were determined in field conditions”
e3“The maximum increase in grain protein (255.2 mg g-1) was observed in plants inoculated with A. chroococcum with Bacillus sp., G. fasciculatum, and Penicillium variabile”
Claim · model-written summary
Minimum grain protein (113.7 mg g-1) was obtained with a single inoculation of G. fasciculatum.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- single inoculation of G. fasciculatume4
- Interactor
- G. fasciculatumRhizophagus fasciculatuse4symbiont
- Outcome
- grain proteine4
- Direction
- minimume4
- Value
- 113.7 mg g-1e4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on plant growth, yield, and nutrient uptake of wheat plants were determined in field conditions”
e4“while the minimum grain protein (113.7 mg g-1) was with a single inoculation of G. fasciculatum”
Claim · model-written summary
Co-inoculation of A. chroococcum with Bacillus sp. and G. fasciculatum gave a higher wheat N content (33.6 mg plant-1).
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- co-inoculation of A. chroococcum with Bacillus sp. and G. fasciculatume5
- Interactor
- G. fasciculatumRhizophagus fasciculatuse5symbiont
- Second interactor
- A. chroococcumAzotobacter chroococcume5symbiont
- Outcome
- N contente5
- Direction
- highere5
- Value
- 33.6 mg plant-1e5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on plant growth, yield, and nutrient uptake of wheat plants were determined in field conditions”
e5“The higher N content (33.6 mg plant-1) and P content (67.8 mg plant-1) in wheat plants were observed with the co-inoculation of A. chroococcum with Bacillus sp. and G. fasciculatum”
Claim · model-written summary
Co-inoculation of A. chroococcum with Bacillus sp. and G. fasciculatum gave a higher wheat P content (67.8 mg plant-1).
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- co-inoculation of A. chroococcum with Bacillus sp. and G. fasciculatume5
- Interactor
- G. fasciculatumRhizophagus fasciculatuse5symbiont
- Second interactor
- A. chroococcumAzotobacter chroococcume5symbiont
- Outcome
- P contente5
- Direction
- highere5
- Value
- 67.8 mg plant-1e5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on plant growth, yield, and nutrient uptake of wheat plants were determined in field conditions”
e5“The higher N content (33.6 mg plant-1) and P content (67.8 mg plant-1) in wheat plants were observed with the co-inoculation of A. chroococcum with Bacillus sp. and G. fasciculatum”
Claim · model-written summary
N and P contents of the soil at 135 DAS differed among inoculation treatments.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- N and P contents of the soile6
- Qualifier
- at 135 DASe6
- Setting
- field conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on plant growth, yield, and nutrient uptake of wheat plants were determined in field conditions”
e6“The N and P contents of the soil at 135 DAS differed among treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding P. variabile to single or double inoculation treatments negatively affected the measured parameters.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Addition of P. variabile to single or double inoculation treatmentse7
- Interactor
- P. variabileTalaromyces variabilise7other
- Outcome
- the measured parameterse7
- Direction
- negatively affectede7
- Comparator
- single or double inoculation treatmentse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on plant growth, yield, and nutrient uptake of wheat plants were determined in field conditions”
e7“Addition of P. variabile to single or double inoculation treatments negatively affected the measured parameters”
Claim · model-written summary
Populations of A. chroococcum and phosphate solubilizing microorganisms increased at 80 DAS in some treatments.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- in some treatmentse7
- Interactor
- A. chroococcumAzotobacter chroococcume7symbiont
- Outcome
- Populations of A. chroococcum, phosphate solubilizing microorganismse7
- Direction
- increasede7
- Qualifier
- 80 DASe7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on plant growth, yield, and nutrient uptake of wheat plants were determined in field conditions”
e7“Populations of A. chroococcum, phosphate solubilizing microorganisms, percentage root infection, and spore density of the AM fungus in some treatments increased at 80 DAS”
Claim · model-written summary
Percentage root infection and spore density of the AM fungus increased at 80 DAS in some treatments.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- in some treatmentse7
- Interactor
- AM funguse7symbiont
- Outcome
- percentage root infection, and spore density of the AM funguse7
- Direction
- increasede7
- Qualifier
- 80 DASe7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on plant growth, yield, and nutrient uptake of wheat plants were determined in field conditions”
e7“Populations of A. chroococcum, phosphate solubilizing microorganisms, percentage root infection, and spore density of the AM fungus in some treatments increased at 80 DAS”
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See all 65 papers →8 of 10 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.