Abstract
Two field experiments were conducted in clay salt affected soil in Sahl El-Hussinia, El-Sharkia Governorate, Egypt, during two winter seasons2016/2017and2017/2018 to evaluate the effect of mineral fertilizers with different rates(10- 20- 40 kg/fed. N); (15- 25- 30 kg/fed. P2O5,) and (20 -30 – 40 kg/fed. K2O,) alone or with bio-fertilizersor potassium humate on some soil properties (available N, P, K, Fe, Mn, Zn and E.C), yield and quality of pea plants. The results revealed that the studied the soil salinity EC (dSm-1) decreased in soil treated with potassium humate and bio-fertilizers with mineral fertilizers compared with control. The available soil macronutrients i.e. N, P, K, and micronutrients i.e. Fe, Mn and Zn (mg/kg soil) after harvesting in soils treated with biofertilizers and potassium humate with or without mineral fertilizers were increased with increasing mineral fertilizers (NPK) rates. Concerning, the relative increases of all estimated parameters pea plants in both seasons shows gradually increases as follows: potassium humate > bio-fertilizers > mineral fertilizers > control for plant height (cm) , number of branches/ plant, pods/ plants and weight 100 seeds. While, the bio-fertilizers > potassium humate > mineral fertilizers > control for No. of seeds /pods in both seasons. Also, using potassium humate, biofertilizers and mineral fertilizers led to significant increases for dry weight/ plant, fresh pod /plant (g) and yield of pods ton/fed. As well as, potassium humate and biofertilizers in combination with NPK chemical fertilizers increased P and K concentration in seeds. Mineral fertilizers (NPK) combined with or without potassium humate and bio-fertilizers increased on Fe, Mn and Zn concentrations in pea seeds in both seasons .The micronutrients were increased with increasing rate of chemical fertilizers as compared without bio-fertilizers or potassium humate. The interaction between all treatments and mineral fertilizers rates led to significant increase in carbohydrate and proline contents of seeds, while the total sugar content in pea plants was unsignificant. Further, combined application of potassium humate and inorganic fertilizers improved the soil properties. This characterizes the synergistic effect of potassium humate and biofertilizers combined with mineral fertilizers thereby signifying that integrated use of inorganic, organic and biofertilizers helps in upgrading soil health.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium humate and biofertilizers with mineral fertilizers reduced soil salinity relative to control.
- Taxon
- Pea
Lathyrus oleraceust0 - Treatment
- potassium humate and bio-fertilizers with mineral fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- soil salinity ECe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soil salinity EC (dSm-1) decreased in soil treated with potassium humate and bio-fertilizers with mineral fertilizers compared with control”
t0“Pea Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Available soil macro and micronutrients increased with mineral fertilizer rates.
- Taxon
- PeaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- mineral fertilizers (NPK)e0
- Outcome
- available soil macronutrients i.e. N, P, K, and micronutrients i.e. Fe, Mn and Zne0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“available soil macronutrients i.e. N, P, K, and micronutrients i.e. Fe, Mn and Zn (mg/kg soil) after harvesting in soils treated with biofertilizers and potassium humate with or without mineral fertilizers were increased with increasing mineral fertilizers (NPK) rates”
t0“Pea Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Pea plant height, branches, pods and 100 seed weight increased in the order humate, biofertilizer, mineral fertilizer and control.
- Taxon
- PeaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- potassium humatee0
- Outcome
- plant height (cm) , number of branches/ plant, pods/ plants and weight 100 seedse0
- Direction
- >e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“potassium humate > bio-fertilizers > mineral fertilizers > control for plant height (cm) , number of branches/ plant, pods/ plants and weight 100 seeds”
t0“Pea Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed number per pod ranked highest with biofertilizer and lowest in control.
- Taxon
- PeaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- bio-fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- No. of seeds /podse0
- Direction
- >e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“bio-fertilizers > potassium humate > mineral fertilizers > control for No. of seeds /pods in both seasons”
t0“Pea Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Humate, biofertilizers and mineral fertilizers significantly increased plant dry weight, fresh pod weight and pod yield.
- Taxon
- PeaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- potassium humate, biofertilizers and mineral fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- dry weight/ plant, fresh pod /plant (g) and yield of pods ton/fede0
- Direction
- increasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“using potassium humate, biofertilizers and mineral fertilizers led to significant increases for dry weight/ plant, fresh pod /plant (g) and yield of pods ton/fed”
t0“Pea Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Humate and biofertilizers with NPK increased seed P and K concentration.
- Taxon
- PeaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- potassium humate and biofertilizers in combination with NPK chemical fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- P and K concentration in seedse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“potassium humate and biofertilizers in combination with NPK chemical fertilizers increased P and K concentration in seeds”
t0“Pea Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Mineral fertilizer combinations increased seed Fe, Mn and Zn concentrations.
- Taxon
- PeaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- Mineral fertilizers (NPK) combined with or without potassium humate and bio-fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- Fe, Mn and Zn concentrations in pea seedse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mineral fertilizers (NPK) combined with or without potassium humate and bio-fertilizers increased on Fe, Mn and Zn concentrations in pea seeds”
t0“Pea Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed micronutrients increased with chemical fertilizer rate.
- Taxon
- PeaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- chemical fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- micronutrientse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“micronutrients were increased with increasing rate of chemical fertilizers as compared without bio-fertilizers or potassium humate”
t0“Pea Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment and mineral fertilizer rate interaction significantly increased seed carbohydrate and proline contents.
- Taxon
- PeaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- all treatments and mineral fertilizers ratese0
- Outcome
- carbohydrate and proline contents of seedse0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“interaction between all treatments and mineral fertilizers rates led to significant increase in carbohydrate and proline contents of seeds”
t0“Pea Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Total sugar content in pea plants was not significant under the tested treatment interaction.
- Taxon
- pea plantsLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Outcome
- total sugar contente0
Not reportedTreatmentComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“total sugar content in pea plants was unsignificant”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined humate and inorganic fertilizers improved soil properties.
- Taxon
- PeaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- potassium humate and inorganic fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- soil propertiese0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“combined application of potassium humate and inorganic fertilizers improved the soil properties”
t0“Pea Plants”
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8 of 9 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.