Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the effect of Azospirillum brasilense inoculation and different nitrogen (N) rates applied as topdressing on the productivity of a maize crop and the nutritional value of maize silage. Two experiments were conducted in the 2012/2013 and 2013/2014 harvests. Treatments were distributed in a randomized block design in a factorial arrangement, which consisted of two maize hybrids (AS 1572 and Defender) coupled with nitrogen rates (0, 60, 120, 240, and 480 kg ha-1), inoculated or uninoculated with A. brasilense. Inoculated seeds were treated with the A. brasilense strains Ab-V5 and Ab-V6. Inoculation with A. brasilense showed interaction with the hybrids, agricultural years, and nitrogen rates for the maize plant yield. In the 2012/2013 agricultural year, inoculation increased the AS 1572 hybrid silage yield by 6.16% and, in the 2013/2014 harvest, A. brasilense inoculation produced an increase of 16.15% for the Defender hybrid. Nitrogen fertilization applied at 0, 60, and 120 kg ha-1 N benefited the plants inoculated with A. brasilense. The statistical equations revealed that N rates between 0 and 184 kg ha-1 in A. brasilense inoculated plants raised the plant productivity for silage when compared with the control plants. Regarding the nutritional value of the silage, inoculation with A. brasilense increased the ether extract levels and total digestible nutrients and reduced the amount of acid detergent fiber. For all this, positive results with inoculation for silage yield are dependent on nitrogen fertilization rate. Inoculation with A. brasilense can promote changes in the maize silage quality, but with obtained results it is not possible to definitely conclude upon nutritive value of maize silage.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation with A. brasilense interacted with hybrid, agricultural year and nitrogen rate for maize plant yield.
- Treatment
- Inoculation with A. brasilensee1
- Interactor
- A. brasilense
Azospirillum brasilensee1symbiont - Outcome
- maize plant yielde1
Zea maysNot reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Inoculation with A. brasilense showed interaction with the hybrids, agricultural years, and nitrogen rates for the maize plant yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation with A. brasilense increased AS 1572 silage yield by 6.16% in the 2012/2013 agricultural year.
- Material
- AS 1572 hybride1
- Treatment
- inoculatione1
- Interactor
- A. brasilenseAzospirillum brasilensee2symbiont
- Outcome
- silage yielde1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 6.16%e1
- Setting
- 2012/2013 agricultural yeare1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“In the 2012/2013 agricultural year, inoculation increased the AS 1572 hybrid silage yield by 6.16%”
e2“Inoculation with A. brasilense showed interaction with the hybrids, agricultural years, and nitrogen rates for the maize plant yield”
Claim · model-written summary
A. brasilense inoculation increased Defender silage yield by 16.15% in the 2013/2014 harvest.
- Material
- Defender hybride1
- Treatment
- A. brasilense inoculatione1
- Interactor
- A. brasilenseAzospirillum brasilensee1symbiont
- Outcome
- silage yielde2
- Direction
- increasee1
- Value
- 16.15%e1
- Setting
- 2013/2014 harveste1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“in the 2013/2014 harvest, A. brasilense inoculation produced an increase of 16.15% for the Defender hybrid”
e2“In the 2012/2013 agricultural year, inoculation increased the AS 1572 hybrid silage yield by 6.16%”
e3“Inoculation with A. brasilense showed interaction with the hybrids, agricultural years, and nitrogen rates for the maize plant yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen fertilization at 0, 60 and 120 kg ha-1 N benefited A. brasilense-inoculated maize plants in silage productivity.
- Treatment
- Nitrogen fertilization applied at 0, 60, and 120 kg ha-1 Ne1
- Interactor
- A. brasilenseAzospirillum brasilensee1symbiont
- Outcome
- plant productivity for silagee2
- Direction
- benefitede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Nitrogen fertilization applied at 0, 60, and 120 kg ha-1 N benefited the plants inoculated with A. brasilense”
e2“The statistical equations revealed that N rates between 0 and 184 kg ha-1 in A. brasilense inoculated plants raised the plant productivity for silage when compared with the control plants”
e3“Inoculation with A. brasilense showed interaction with the hybrids, agricultural years, and nitrogen rates for the maize plant yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Statistical equations indicated that N rates between 0 and 184 kg ha-1 raised silage productivity of A. brasilense-inoculated plants compared with control plants.
- Treatment
- N rates between 0 and 184 kg ha-1e1
- Interactor
- A. brasilenseAzospirillum brasilensee1symbiont
- Outcome
- plant productivity for silagee1
- Direction
- raisede1
- Comparator
- control plantse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The statistical equations revealed that N rates between 0 and 184 kg ha-1 in A. brasilense inoculated plants raised the plant productivity for silage when compared with the control plants”
e2“Inoculation with A. brasilense showed interaction with the hybrids, agricultural years, and nitrogen rates for the maize plant yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Positive silage-yield results with inoculation depend on the nitrogen fertilization rate.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“positive results with inoculation for silage yield are dependent on nitrogen fertilization rate”
e2“Inoculation with A. brasilense showed interaction with the hybrids, agricultural years, and nitrogen rates for the maize plant yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation with A. brasilense increased silage ether extract levels.
- Treatment
- inoculation with A. brasilensee1
- Interactor
- A. brasilenseAzospirillum brasilensee1symbiont
- Outcome
- ether extract levelse1
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“inoculation with A. brasilense increased the ether extract levels and total digestible nutrients and reduced the amount of acid detergent fiber”
e2“Inoculation with A. brasilense showed interaction with the hybrids, agricultural years, and nitrogen rates for the maize plant yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation with A. brasilense increased total digestible nutrients of silage.
- Treatment
- inoculation with A. brasilensee1
- Interactor
- A. brasilenseAzospirillum brasilensee1symbiont
- Outcome
- total digestible nutrientse1
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“inoculation with A. brasilense increased the ether extract levels and total digestible nutrients and reduced the amount of acid detergent fiber”
e2“Inoculation with A. brasilense showed interaction with the hybrids, agricultural years, and nitrogen rates for the maize plant yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation with A. brasilense reduced the amount of acid detergent fiber in silage.
- Treatment
- inoculation with A. brasilensee1
- Interactor
- A. brasilenseAzospirillum brasilensee1symbiont
- Outcome
- amount of acid detergent fibere1
- Direction
- reducede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“inoculation with A. brasilense increased the ether extract levels and total digestible nutrients and reduced the amount of acid detergent fiber”
e2“Inoculation with A. brasilense showed interaction with the hybrids, agricultural years, and nitrogen rates for the maize plant yield”
Claim · model-written summary
The study cannot definitely conclude on the nutritive value of maize silage despite inoculation-related changes in silage quality.
- Treatment
- Inoculation with A. brasilensee1
- Interactor
- A. brasilenseAzospirillum brasilensee1symbiont
- Outcome
- changes in the maize silage qualitye1
- Qualifier
- not possible to definitely concludee1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Inoculation with A. brasilense can promote changes in the maize silage quality, but with obtained results it is not possible to definitely conclude upon nutritive value of maize silage”
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See all 129 papers →8 of 10 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.