Abstract
We tested whether exposing rice plants to abiotic stress (salt or shade) during vegetative growth affects the chilling tolerance of reproductive organs, which is one of the most important traits for rice growing in a cool climate; we used two rice cultivars with different tolerance in two growing seasons. We divided the vegetative growth into three phases to clarify the most sensitive period: 7–22 days after transplanting (DAT), 23–38 DAT and 39–54 DAT. Chilling tolerance of the pre-stressed plants was based on the male sterility induced by low temperatures. Shade and salt stress during all three vegetative growth phases significantly reduced stomatal conductance. Shade decreased the specific leaf weight and the leaf sugar and starch contents, but salt had no significant effect, despite causing leaf damage. Low temperatures during the reproductive stage induced spikelet sterility in all plants, but the magnitude was greater in the salt- and shade-stressed plants of both cultivars, especially those stressed late during vegetative growth. The increased spikelet sterility caused by chilling was closely related to the reduction of the total spikelet number per panicle. This is the first study to show that salt and low light stress during vegetative growth increased the susceptibility of rice plants to chilling damage during panicle development.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Shade across vegetative phases significantly reduced stomatal conductance.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- Shadee0
- Outcome
- stomatal conductancee0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Shade and salt stress during all three vegetative growth phases significantly reduced stomatal conductance.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress across vegetative phases significantly reduced stomatal conductance.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- salt stresse0
- Outcome
- stomatal conductancee0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Shade and salt stress during all three vegetative growth phases significantly reduced stomatal conductance.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Shade decreased specific leaf weight, leaf sugar and starch contents.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Shadee0
- Outcome
- specific leaf weight and the leaf sugar and starch contentse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Shade decreased the specific leaf weight and the leaf sugar and starch contents”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt had no significant effect on specific leaf weight or leaf sugar and starch contents.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- salte0
- Outcome
- specific leaf weight and the leaf sugar and starch contentse0
- Direction
- no significant effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Shade decreased the specific leaf weight and the leaf sugar and starch contents, but salt had no significant effect”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt caused leaf damage.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- leaf damagee0
Not reportedTreatmentComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“despite causing leaf damage”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Low temperatures induced spikelet sterility in all plants.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Low temperaturese0
- Outcome
- spikelet sterilitye0
- Direction
- inducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Low temperatures during the reproductive stage induced spikelet sterility in all plants”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Prior salt stress increased chilling-induced spikelet sterility, especially with late vegetative stress.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- salt- and shade-stressede0
- Outcome
- magnitudee0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Qualifier
- especially those stressed late during vegetative growthe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the magnitude was greater in the salt- and shade-stressed plants of both cultivars, especially those stressed late during vegetative growth.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Chilling-related spikelet sterility was closely related to reduced spikelet number per panicle.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- paniclee0
- Outcome
- spikelet sterilitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The increased spikelet sterility caused by chilling was closely related to the reduction of the total spikelet number per panicle.”
t0“rice”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.