Paper · 2005 · The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology

Changes in quality and yield of tomato fruit with ammonium, bicarbonate and calcium fertilisation under saline conditions

J. M. Navarro; P. Flores; M. Carvajal; et al.

10
claims
17
verbatim quotes
25
citations
2
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

SummaryTomato plants were grown in hydroponic culture in a greenhouse. The effect of supplying bicarbonate, ammonium and calcium to saline nutrient solutions was investigated. High salinity (60 mM NaCl) decreased total and marketable yields of tomato fruit, mainly by reducing size fruit. Applications of ammonium produced the lowest marketable yield, by reducing the size and number of marketable fruit compared to the control treatment. This reduction was due to an increase in the number of fruits with blossom-end rot, probably caused by low Ca2+ concentration in the fruits.Although no significant effect on yield was produced by adding Ca2+, HCO3– or NH4+ to the saline treatment, some quality parameters, such as firmness, pH, total soluble solids (TSS), TSS/acidity ratio and glucose content, were affected.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 10

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

High salinity decreased total tomato fruit yield.

Treatment
High salinity (60 mM NaCl)e0
Outcome
totale0
Direction
decreasede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“High salinity (60 mM NaCl) decreased total and marketable yields of tomato fruit, mainly by reducing size fruit.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 176–288 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

High salinity decreased marketable tomato fruit yield.

Treatment
High salinity (60 mM NaCl)e0
Outcome
marketable yieldse0
Direction
decreasede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“High salinity (60 mM NaCl) decreased total and marketable yields of tomato fruit, mainly by reducing size fruit.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 176–288 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

High salinity reduced tomato fruit size.

Treatment
High salinity (60 mM NaCl)e0
Outcome
size fruite0
Direction
reducinge0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“High salinity (60 mM NaCl) decreased total and marketable yields of tomato fruit, mainly by reducing size fruit.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 176–288 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Ammonium gave the lowest marketable tomato fruit yield relative to control.

Treatment
ammoniume0
Outcome
marketable yielde0
Direction
loweste0
Comparator
the control treatmente0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Applications of ammonium produced the lowest marketable yield, by reducing the size and number of marketable fruit compared to the control treatment.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 289–438 · show in text ↑
t0

“tomato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 32–38 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Ammonium reduced marketable fruit size relative to control.

Organ / stage
marketable fruite0
Treatment
ammoniume0
Outcome
sizee0
Direction
reducinge0
Comparator
the control treatmente0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Applications of ammonium produced the lowest marketable yield, by reducing the size and number of marketable fruit compared to the control treatment.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 289–438 · show in text ↑
t0

“tomato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 32–38 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Ammonium reduced the number of marketable fruit relative to control.

Treatment
ammoniume0
Outcome
number of marketable fruite0
Direction
reducinge0
Comparator
the control treatmente0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Applications of ammonium produced the lowest marketable yield, by reducing the size and number of marketable fruit compared to the control treatment.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 289–438 · show in text ↑
t0

“tomato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 32–38 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Ammonium increased the number of fruits with blossom-end rot.

Treatment
ammoniumt0
Compound
Ca2+e0
Outcome
number of fruits with blossom-end rote0
Direction
increasee0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“This reduction was due to an increase in the number of fruits with blossom-end rot, probably caused by low Ca2+ concentration in the fruits.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 439–579 · show in text ↑
t0

“tomato fruit with ammonium”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 32–58 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Adding calcium, bicarbonate or ammonium to saline treatment did not significantly affect yield.

Treatment
Ca2+, HCO3– or NH4+e0
Outcome
yielde0
Comparator
the saline treatmente0

Not reportedDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Although no significant effect on yield was produced by adding Ca2+, HCO3– or NH4+ to the saline treatment”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 579–685 · show in text ↑
t0

“tomato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 32–38 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Nutrient additions to saline treatment affected tomato fruit firmness, pH and total soluble solids.

Treatment
calcium fertilisationt0
Outcome
firmness, pH, total soluble solids (TSS)e0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“some quality parameters, such as firmness, pH, total soluble solids (TSS), TSS/acidity ratio and glucose content, were affected.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 687–815 · show in text ↑
t0

“tomato fruit with ammonium, bicarbonate and calcium fertilisation”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 32–97 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Nutrient additions to saline treatment affected tomato fruit TSS/acidity ratio and glucose content.

Treatment
calcium fertilisationt0
Outcome
TSS/acidity ratio and glucose contente0

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“some quality parameters, such as firmness, pH, total soluble solids (TSS), TSS/acidity ratio and glucose content, were affected.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 687–815 · show in text ↑
t0

“tomato fruit with ammonium, bicarbonate and calcium fertilisation”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 32–97 · show in text ↑

sodium chloride · quality: postharvest · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results differ

15 papers: 5 positive, 10 negative or no effect

9 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. positive
  3. positive

11 papers more in this group

See all 15 papers →

sodium chloride · growth · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results differ

118 papers: 22 positive, 96 negative or no effect

95 papers in the same direction as this paper · 22 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. negative
  3. negative

114 papers more in this group

See all 118 papers →

hydrogencarbonate · yield · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results

4 papers: 3 positive, 1 negative or no effect

3 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive
See all 4 papers →

ammonium · yield · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results

5 papers: 4 positive, 1 negative or no effect

4 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

1 paper more in this group

See all 5 papers →

calcium(2+) · yield · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results

5 papers: 4 positive, 1 negative or no effect

4 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

1 paper more in this group

See all 5 papers →

salinity · quality: postharvest · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results differ

29 papers: 7 positive, 22 negative or no effect

21 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

25 papers more in this group

See all 29 papers →

nitrogen · disease · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results

34 papers: 19 positive, 15 negative or no effect

14 papers in the same direction as this paper · 19 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

30 papers more in this group

See all 34 papers →

nitrogen · quality: postharvest · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results

34 papers: 22 positive, 12 negative or no effect

11 papers in the same direction as this paper · 22 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. positive
  3. positive

30 papers more in this group

See all 34 papers →

8 of 10 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.