Abstract
SUMMARY To evaluate the effects of defoliation on green forage performance and grain yield (GY) variation in barley, five barley genotypes were imposed on three levels of defoliation treatments over two consecutive growing seasons in this study. The results indicated that green forage yields were significantly improved by repeated defoliation. The traits of green forage quality, including the ratio of dry weight to fresh weight, crude ash and calcium content were improved, while crude protein and crude fat were reduced, and crude fiber and phosphorus contents appeared not to be influenced by repeated defoliation. Plant height (PH), GY and other yield components, grain number per spike and thousand kernel weight, were significantly reduced by defoliation over the two growing seasons, while internode length below spike was less affected. Reduction in spike length and the number of spikes per plant were identified in only one year. Correlation analysis revealed that only PH exhibited a positive correlation with GY. Effects of genotype, interaction between genotype and defoliation, and environments on changes of forage yield and quality and GY were also discussed. Our current work provides a feasible approach to select elite barley cultivars with optimal defoliation treatments for both forage and grain uses in barley breeding programme.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Repeated defoliation significantly increased green forage yield.
- Taxon
- barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaret0 - Treatment
- repeated defoliatione0
- Outcome
- green forage yieldse0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“green forage yields were significantly improved by repeated defoliation”
t0“BARLEY”
Claim · model-written summary
Repeated defoliation improved forage dry to fresh weight ratio, crude ash and calcium.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- repeated defoliatione1
- Outcome
- ratio of dry weight to fresh weight, crude ash and calcium contente0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the ratio of dry weight to fresh weight, crude ash and calcium content were improved”
t0“BARLEY”
e1“green forage yields were significantly improved by repeated defoliation”
Claim · model-written summary
Repeated defoliation reduced crude protein and crude fat.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- repeated defoliatione1
- Outcome
- crude protein and crude fate0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“crude protein and crude fat were reduced”
t0“BARLEY”
e1“green forage yields were significantly improved by repeated defoliation”
Claim · model-written summary
Repeated defoliation did not appear to influence crude fiber or phosphorus content.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- repeated defoliatione0
- Outcome
- crude fiber and phosphorus contentse0
- Direction
- not to be influencede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“crude fiber and phosphorus contents appeared not to be influenced by repeated defoliation”
t0“BARLEY”
Claim · model-written summary
Defoliation significantly reduced plant height and grain yield.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- defoliatione0
- Outcome
- Plant height (PH), GYe0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plant height (PH), GY and other yield components, grain number per spike and thousand kernel weight, were significantly reduced by defoliation over the two growing seasons”
t0“BARLEY”
Claim · model-written summary
Defoliation significantly reduced grain number per spike and thousand kernel weight.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- defoliatione0
- Outcome
- grain number per spike and thousand kernel weighte0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grain number per spike and thousand kernel weight, were significantly reduced by defoliation over the two growing seasons”
t0“BARLEY”
Claim · model-written summary
Internode length below spike was less affected by defoliation.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- defoliatione1
- Outcome
- internode length below spikee0
- Direction
- less affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“internode length below spike was less affected”
t0“BARLEY”
e1“reduced by defoliation over the two growing seasons”
Claim · model-written summary
Spike length and spike count per plant declined in only one year.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- defoliatione1
- Outcome
- spike length and the number of spikes per plante0
- Direction
- Reductione0
- Qualifier
- only one yeare0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Reduction in spike length and the number of spikes per plant were identified in only one year”
t0“BARLEY”
e1“reduced by defoliation over the two growing seasons”
Claim · model-written summary
Only plant height correlated positively with grain yield.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Outcome
- GYe0
- Direction
- positive correlatione0
- Comparator
- PHe0
Not reportedOrgan / stage
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“only PH exhibited a positive correlation with GY”
t0“BARLEY”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.