Abstract
SUMMARY In glasshouse and field experiments the source‐sink relations of the main shoot of plants of spring barley were modified by tiller removal and tiller defoliation. Decreasing competition by tiller removal promoted the growth of the residual main shoot and its component parts, and the earlier tillers were removed the greater was the effect. Stem dry weight was increased four‐fold in the glasshouse by early tiller removal and was doubled in the field experiment. The grain yield of the main shoot ear was increased by 26 – 30% by tiller removal compared with tillering control plants and this was due to larger grains in all spikelet positions. On the other hand increasing competition by regular tiller defoliation had relatively little effect on the growth and development of the main shoot in the glasshouse study, but in the field the main shoot grain yield was reduced by 10% compared with the control. The main effect of tiller defoliation was on the development of tillers. In the glasshouse tillers survived repeated defoliation, continued to be produced, and the majority produced grain but with fewer and smaller grains per ear than in control plants. Tiller growth was supported by the import of assimilate from the main shoot and this was accompanied by an increase in the photosynthetic rate of the main shoot leaves. In the field all defoliated tillers died within 4 wk. These responses are discussed in terms of the physiological interrelations between the main shoot and tillers.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Tiller removal promoted growth of the residual main shoot and its parts, with a stronger effect when removal was earlier.
- Taxon
- spring barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaret0 - Treatment
- tiller removale0
- Outcome
- growth of the residual main shoot and its component partse0
- Direction
- promotede0
- Qualifier
- earlier tillers were removed the greater was the effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Decreasing competition by tiller removal promoted the growth of the residual main shoot and its component parts, and the earlier tillers were removed the greater was the effect.”
t0“spring barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Early tiller removal quadrupled stem dry weight in the glasshouse.
- Taxon
- spring barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- early tiller removale0
- Outcome
- Stem dry weighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- four‐folde0
- Setting
- glasshousee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Stem dry weight was increased four‐fold in the glasshouse by early tiller removal”
t0“spring barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Early tiller removal doubled stem dry weight in the field.
- Taxon
- spring barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- early tiller removale0
- Outcome
- Stem dry weighte0
- Direction
- doublede0
- Value
- doublede0
- Setting
- field experimente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Stem dry weight was increased four‐fold in the glasshouse by early tiller removal and was doubled in the field experiment.”
t0“spring barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Tiller removal increased main-shoot ear grain yield by 26–30% versus tillering controls.
- Taxon
- spring barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- tiller removale0
- Outcome
- grain yield of the main shoot eare0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 26 – 30%e0
- Comparator
- tillering control plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The grain yield of the main shoot ear was increased by 26 – 30% by tiller removal compared with tillering control plants”
t0“spring barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Larger grains at all spikelet positions accounted for the main-shoot yield increase.
- Taxon
- spring barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Outcome
- grain yielde1
- Qualifier
- larger grains in all spikelet positionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“this was due to larger grains in all spikelet positions.”
e1“The grain yield of the main shoot ear was increased by 26 – 30% by tiller removal compared with tillering control plants”
t0“spring barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Regular tiller defoliation had relatively little effect on main-shoot growth and development in the glasshouse.
- Taxon
- spring barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- regular tiller defoliatione0
- Outcome
- growth and development of the main shoote0
- Setting
- glasshouse studye0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“regular tiller defoliation had relatively little effect on the growth and development of the main shoot in the glasshouse study”
t0“spring barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Tiller defoliation reduced field main-shoot grain yield by 10% versus control.
- Taxon
- spring barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- tiller defoliatione1
- Outcome
- main shoot grain yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 10%e0
- Comparator
- the controle0
- Setting
- fielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in the field the main shoot grain yield was reduced by 10% compared with the control.”
e1“regular tiller defoliation had relatively little effect on the growth and development of the main shoot in the glasshouse study”
t0“spring barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Defoliated glasshouse tillers survived, continued production and mostly produced grain.
- Taxon
- spring barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- repeated defoliatione0
- Outcome
- tillers survived repeated defoliation, continued to be produced, and the majority produced graine0
- Setting
- glasshousee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the glasshouse tillers survived repeated defoliation, continued to be produced, and the majority produced grain”
t0“spring barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Defoliated tillers produced fewer and smaller grains per ear than controls in the glasshouse.
- Taxon
- spring barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- repeated defoliatione0
- Outcome
- grains per eare0
- Direction
- fewer and smallere0
- Comparator
- control plantse0
- Setting
- glasshousee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the glasshouse tillers survived repeated defoliation, continued to be produced, and the majority produced grain but with fewer and smaller grains per ear than in control plants.”
t0“spring barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Assimilate imported from the main shoot supported tiller growth.
- Taxon
- spring barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Outcome
- Tiller growthe0
- Qualifier
- import of assimilate from the main shoote0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tiller growth was supported by the import of assimilate from the main shoot”
t0“spring barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Main-shoot leaf photosynthetic rate increased alongside assimilate import to tillers.
- Taxon
- spring barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Outcome
- photosynthetic rate of the main shoot leavese0
- Direction
- increasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“this was accompanied by an increase in the photosynthetic rate of the main shoot leaves.”
t0“spring barley”
Claim · model-written summary
All defoliated tillers died within four weeks in the field.
- Taxon
- spring barleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Outcome
- defoliated tillers diede0
- Value
- 4 wke0
- Setting
- fielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the field all defoliated tillers died within 4 wk.”
t0“spring barley”
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See all 161 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.