Abstract
In 2002-2005 experiments were carried out at the Lithuanian Institute of Agriculture's Vėaiciai Branch (West Lithuania) on a podzolized gleyic soil to study 1) the ecological significance of perennial legumes and timothy used as green manure for the biological properties of triticale and rye, and 2) on diseases affecting these cereals. Our experimental evidence suggests that residues of the perennial grasses tested and ploughed-in aftermath contributed different contents of nitrogen to the soil. The highest content of nitrogen (185.8 kg ha -1 ) and other nutrients (P2O5, K2O) was contributed to the soil with the addition of red clover residues and aftermath. However, when triticale and rye were grown after white clover as a preceding crop (1 st crop for forage, aftermath ploughed in), the highest grain yield (on average 3.13 t ha -1 of triticale and 3.82 t ha -1 of rye) was obtained, which was by 0.34 and 0.28 t ha -1 higher compared to grain yield following similarly managed red clover. It was determined that some yield-forming indicators of cereal, such as plant height, ear length, number of grains per ear were higher for white clover rather than for red clover or timothy. The choice of preceding crop had no significant effect on differences in protein content in the winter cereal grain. However, different growing conditions of winter cereals, i.e. different preceding crops, had a significant effect on the occurrence of scald, brown rust and septoria.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Red clover residues and aftermath gave the highest soil nitrogen content (185.8 kg ha -1).
- Taxon
- Secale cereale L.
Secale cerealet0 - Treatment
- addition of red clover residues and aftermathe1
- Outcome
- content of nitrogene1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Value
- 185.8 kg ha -1e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Secale cereale L.”
e1“The highest content of nitrogen (185.8 kg ha -1 ) and other nutrients (P2O5, K2O) was contributed to the soil with the addition of red clover residues and aftermath”
Claim · model-written summary
Red clover residues and aftermath gave the highest soil P2O5 and K2O contents.
- Taxon
- Secale cereale L.Secale cerealet0
- Treatment
- addition of red clover residues and aftermathe1
- Outcome
- other nutrients (P2O5, K2O)e1
- Direction
- higheste1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Secale cereale L.”
e1“The highest content of nitrogen (185.8 kg ha -1 ) and other nutrients (P2O5, K2O) was contributed to the soil with the addition of red clover residues and aftermath”
Claim · model-written summary
After white clover, triticale gave the highest grain yield of 3.13 t ha -1.
- Taxon
- triticale
×Triticosecalee2 - Treatment
- white clover as a preceding crope2
- Outcome
- grain yielde2
- Direction
- higheste2
- Value
- 3.13 t ha -1e2
- Comparator
- red clovere2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Secale cereale L.”
e2“However, when triticale and rye were grown after white clover as a preceding crop (1 st crop for forage, aftermath ploughed in), the highest grain yield (on average 3.13 t ha -1 of triticale and 3.82 t ha -1 of rye) was obtained, which was by 0.34 and 0.28 t ha -1 higher compared to grain yield following similarly managed red clover”
Claim · model-written summary
After white clover, rye gave the highest grain yield of 3.82 t ha -1.
- Taxon
- ryeSecale cerealee2
- Treatment
- white clover as a preceding crope2
- Outcome
- grain yielde2
- Direction
- higheste2
- Value
- 3.82 t ha -1e2
- Comparator
- red clovere2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Secale cereale L.”
e2“However, when triticale and rye were grown after white clover as a preceding crop (1 st crop for forage, aftermath ploughed in), the highest grain yield (on average 3.13 t ha -1 of triticale and 3.82 t ha -1 of rye) was obtained, which was by 0.34 and 0.28 t ha -1 higher compared to grain yield following similarly managed red clover”
Claim · model-written summary
Triticale grain yield after white clover was 0.34 t ha -1 higher than after red clover.
- Taxon
- triticale×Triticosecalee2
- Treatment
- white clover as a preceding crope2
- Outcome
- grain yielde2
- Direction
- highere2
- Value
- 0.34e2
- Comparator
- red clovere2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Secale cereale L.”
e2“However, when triticale and rye were grown after white clover as a preceding crop (1 st crop for forage, aftermath ploughed in), the highest grain yield (on average 3.13 t ha -1 of triticale and 3.82 t ha -1 of rye) was obtained, which was by 0.34 and 0.28 t ha -1 higher compared to grain yield following similarly managed red clover”
Claim · model-written summary
Rye grain yield after white clover was 0.28 t ha -1 higher than after red clover.
- Taxon
- ryeSecale cerealee2
- Treatment
- white clover as a preceding crope2
- Outcome
- grain yielde2
- Direction
- highere2
- Value
- 0.28 t ha -1e2
- Comparator
- red clovere2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Secale cereale L.”
e2“However, when triticale and rye were grown after white clover as a preceding crop (1 st crop for forage, aftermath ploughed in), the highest grain yield (on average 3.13 t ha -1 of triticale and 3.82 t ha -1 of rye) was obtained, which was by 0.34 and 0.28 t ha -1 higher compared to grain yield following similarly managed red clover”
Claim · model-written summary
White clover as preceding crop gave higher plant height, ear length and grain number per ear than red clover or timothy.
- Taxon
- Secale cereale L.Secale cerealet0
- Treatment
- white clovere3
- Outcome
- plant height, ear length, number of grains per eare3
- Direction
- highere3
- Comparator
- red clover or timothye3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Secale cereale L.”
e3“some yield-forming indicators of cereal, such as plant height, ear length, number of grains per ear were higher for white clover rather than for red clover or timothy”
Claim · model-written summary
The choice of preceding crop had no significant effect on winter cereal grain protein content.
- Taxon
- Secale cereale L.Secale cerealet0
- Treatment
- choice of preceding crope4
- Outcome
- protein contente4
- Direction
- no significant effecte4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Secale cereale L.”
e4“The choice of preceding crop had no significant effect on differences in protein content in the winter cereal grain”
Claim · model-written summary
Different preceding crops had a significant effect on the occurrence of scald, brown rust and septoria in winter cereals.
- Taxon
- Secale cereale L.Secale cerealet0
- Treatment
- different preceding cropse5
- Interactor
- scalde5pathogen
- Second interactor
- brown ruste5pathogen
- Outcome
- occurrence of scalde5
- Direction
- significant effecte5
- Qualifier
- septoriae5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Secale cereale L.”
e5“different growing conditions of winter cereals, i.e. different preceding crops, had a significant effect on the occurrence of scald, brown rust and septoria”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.