Abstract
Nitric oxide and S-nitrosothiols (SNOs) are widespread signaling molecules that regulate immunity in animals and plants. Levels of SNOs in vivo are controlled by nitric oxide synthesis (which in plants is achieved by different routes) and by S-nitrosoglutathione turnover, which is mainly performed by the S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR). GSNOR is encoded by a single-copy gene in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana; Martínez et al., 1996; Sakamoto et al., 2002). We report here that transgenic plants with decreased amounts of GSNOR (using antisense strategy) show enhanced basal resistance against Peronospora parasitica Noco2 (oomycete), which correlates with higher levels of intracellular SNOs and constitutive activation of the pathogenesis-related gene, PR-1. Moreover, systemic acquired resistance is impaired in plants overexpressing GSNOR and enhanced in the antisense plants, and this correlates with changes in the SNO content both in local and systemic leaves. We also show that GSNOR is localized in the phloem and, thus, could regulate systemic acquired resistance signal transport through the vascular system. Our data corroborate the data from other authors that GSNOR controls SNO in vivo levels, and shows that SNO content positively influences plant basal resistance and resistance-gene-mediated resistance as well. These data highlight GSNOR as an important and widely utilized component of resistance protein signaling networks conserved in animals and plants.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Antisense GSNOR plants had enhanced basal resistance to Peronospora parasitica Noco2.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis
Arabidopsist0 - Treatment
- decreased amounts of GSNOR (using antisense strategy)e0
- Interactor
- Peronospora parasitica Noco2
Hyaloperonospora parasiticae0pathogen - Gene
- GSNORe0
- Outcome
- basal resistancee0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“transgenic plants with decreased amounts of GSNOR (using antisense strategy) show enhanced basal resistance against Peronospora parasitica Noco2 (oomycete)”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
Antisense GSNOR plants had higher intracellular SNOs.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- decreased amounts of GSNOR (using antisense strategy)e1
- Gene
- GSNORe1
- Outcome
- levels of intracellular SNOse0
- Direction
- highere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“which correlates with higher levels of intracellular SNOs and constitutive activation of the pathogenesis-related gene, PR-1.”
e1“transgenic plants with decreased amounts of GSNOR (using antisense strategy)”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
Antisense GSNOR plants had constitutive PR-1 activation.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- decreased amounts of GSNOR (using antisense strategy)e1
- Gene
- PR-1e0
- Outcome
- constitutive activation of the pathogenesis-related gene, PR-1e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“which correlates with higher levels of intracellular SNOs and constitutive activation of the pathogenesis-related gene, PR-1.”
e1“transgenic plants with decreased amounts of GSNOR (using antisense strategy)”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
GSNOR overexpression impaired systemic acquired resistance.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- overexpressing GSNORe0
- Gene
- GSNORe0
- Outcome
- systemic acquired resistancee0
- Direction
- impairede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“systemic acquired resistance is impaired in plants overexpressing GSNOR”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
Antisense GSNOR enhanced systemic acquired resistance.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- antisense plantse0
- Gene
- GSNORe0
- Outcome
- systemic acquired resistancee0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“systemic acquired resistance is impaired in plants overexpressing GSNOR and enhanced in the antisense plants”
t0“S-Nitrosoglutathione Reductase Affords Protection against Pathogens in Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
Systemic resistance changes correlated with SNO content in local and systemic leaves.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Organ / stage
- local and systemic leavese0
- Gene
- GSNORe1
- Outcome
- SNO contente0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“this correlates with changes in the SNO content both in local and systemic leaves.”
e1“transgenic plants with decreased amounts of GSNOR (using antisense strategy)”
t0“S-Nitrosoglutathione Reductase Affords Protection against Pathogens in Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
GSNOR was localized in the phloem.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Organ / stage
- phloeme0
- Gene
- GSNORe0
- Outcome
- localized in the phloeme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“GSNOR is localized in the phloem”
t0“Arabidopsis”
The same questions in other papers
loss of function · Hyaloperonospora parasitica · ArabidopsisPositive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
loss of function · disease · ArabidopsisPositive and negative results
45 papers in the same direction as this paper · 101 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
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See all 147 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.