Abstract
Tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Belladona F 1 ) plants were either self-grafted or grafted onto the rootstock ‘He-Man’ and grown in recirculating nutrient solution with low, standard, or high manganese (Mn) concentrations (2, 15, and 100 μM, respectively). The concentrations of all nutrients except Mn were identical in all treatments. The objectives of the experiment were to test whether grafted tomato plants have a higher or lower ability to withstand deficient or toxic levels of Mn in the root zone and to study the effects of grafting on nutrient uptake and translocation to the aerial organs. Both excessive and insufficient Mn concentrations in the root zone significantly reduced the number of fruit per plant, whereas mean fruit weight was unaffected by external Mn concentrations ranging from ≈1 to 100 μM. The excessive external Mn concentration caused the leaf Mn concentration to increase beyond the critically high level at the expense of leaf and root iron and zinc concentrations but without significant differences between the grafting treatments. The fruit yield of plants grafted onto ‘He-Man’ was significantly lower than that of self-grafted plants when the Mn concentration in the root zone was excessively high. This response might be associated with the lower translocation of magnesium (Mg) to the leaves of plants grafted onto ‘He-Man’ in comparison with the self-grafted plants, resulting in lower Mg/Mn ratios in the leaves. Grafting onto ‘He-Man’ also restricted the leaf and root iron and copper concentrations but enhanced those of potassium. Overall, tomato cv. Belladona proved to be more tolerant to excess Mn than to Mn deficiency in terms of vegetative growth and fruit yield.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Both excessive and insufficient Mn in the root zone significantly reduced the number of fruit per tomato plant.
- Taxon
- Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Material
- Belladona F 1e0
- Treatment
- excessive and insufficient Mn concentrations in the root zonee1
- Outcome
- number of fruit per plante1
- Direction
- reducede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Belladona F 1 ) plants were either self-grafted or grafted onto the rootstock ‘He-Man’”
e1“Both excessive and insufficient Mn concentrations in the root zone significantly reduced the number of fruit per plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Mean fruit weight of tomato was unaffected by external Mn concentrations from about 1 to 100 μM.
- Taxon
- Solanum lycopersicumSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- external Mn concentrationse2
- Outcome
- mean fruit weighte2
- Direction
- unaffectede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Belladona F 1 ) plants were either self-grafted or grafted onto the rootstock ‘He-Man’”
e2“whereas mean fruit weight was unaffected by external Mn concentrations ranging from ≈1 to 100 μM”
Claim · model-written summary
Excessive external Mn increased leaf Mn concentration beyond the critically high level.
- Taxon
- Solanum lycopersicumSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- The excessive external Mn concentratione3
- Outcome
- leaf Mn concentratione3
- Direction
- increasee3
- Qualifier
- beyond the critically high levele3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Belladona F 1 ) plants were either self-grafted or grafted onto the rootstock ‘He-Man’”
e3“The excessive external Mn concentration caused the leaf Mn concentration to increase beyond the critically high level at the expense of leaf and root iron and zinc concentrations”
Claim · model-written summary
Excessive external Mn decreased leaf and root iron and zinc concentrations in tomato.
- Taxon
- Solanum lycopersicumSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- The excessive external Mn concentratione3
- Outcome
- leaf and root iron and zinc concentrationse3
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Belladona F 1 ) plants were either self-grafted or grafted onto the rootstock ‘He-Man’”
e3“The excessive external Mn concentration caused the leaf Mn concentration to increase beyond the critically high level at the expense of leaf and root iron and zinc concentrations”
Claim · model-written summary
Grafting onto He-Man gave lower fruit yield than self-grafting when root-zone Mn was excessively high.
- Taxon
- Solanum lycopersicumSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- grafted onto ‘He-Man’e4
- Outcome
- fruit yielde4
- Direction
- lowere4
- Qualifier
- when the Mn concentration in the root zone was excessively highe4
- Comparator
- self-grafted plantse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Belladona F 1 ) plants were either self-grafted or grafted onto the rootstock ‘He-Man’”
e4“The fruit yield of plants grafted onto ‘He-Man’ was significantly lower than that of self-grafted plants when the Mn concentration in the root zone was excessively high”
Claim · model-written summary
Grafting onto He-Man was associated with lower magnesium translocation to the leaves than self-grafting.
- Taxon
- Solanum lycopersicumSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- grafted onto ‘He-Man’e5
- Outcome
- translocation of magnesium (Mg) to the leavese5
- Direction
- lowere5
- Comparator
- self-grafted plantse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Belladona F 1 ) plants were either self-grafted or grafted onto the rootstock ‘He-Man’”
e5“This response might be associated with the lower translocation of magnesium (Mg) to the leaves of plants grafted onto ‘He-Man’ in comparison with the self-grafted plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Grafting onto He-Man restricted leaf and root iron and copper concentrations in tomato.
- Taxon
- Solanum lycopersicumSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- Grafting onto ‘He-Man’e6
- Outcome
- leaf and root iron and copper concentrationse6
- Direction
- restrictede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Belladona F 1 ) plants were either self-grafted or grafted onto the rootstock ‘He-Man’”
e6“Grafting onto ‘He-Man’ also restricted the leaf and root iron and copper concentrations but enhanced those of potassium”
Claim · model-written summary
Grafting onto He-Man enhanced potassium concentrations in tomato.
- Taxon
- Solanum lycopersicumSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- Grafting onto ‘He-Man’e6
- Outcome
- potassiume6
- Direction
- enhancede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Belladona F 1 ) plants were either self-grafted or grafted onto the rootstock ‘He-Man’”
e6“Grafting onto ‘He-Man’ also restricted the leaf and root iron and copper concentrations but enhanced those of potassium”
Claim · model-written summary
Tomato cv. Belladona tolerated excess Mn better than Mn deficiency in vegetative growth and fruit yield.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume7
- Treatment
- excess Mne7
- Outcome
- vegetative growth and fruit yielde7
- Direction
- more tolerante7
- Comparator
- Mn deficiencye7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“Overall, tomato cv. Belladona proved to be more tolerant to excess Mn than to Mn deficiency in terms of vegetative growth and fruit yield”
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