Paper · 2014 · European Scientific Journal ESJ

THE YIELD AND FARMER’S ECONOMIC ADVANTAGE OF MAIZE - PIGEON PEA INTERCROP AS AFFECTED BY THE APPLICATION OF ORGANIC BASE FERTILIZER

S. O. Dania; Olajire Fagbola; Reuben Adeolu Alabi

10
claims
14
verbatim quotes
7
citations
2
research areas
✓
Open access

Abstract

In this study, a three years experiment was conducted to evaluate the yield and relative economic advantage of maize-pigeon pea intercrop as affected by mycorrhiza and organomineral fertilizer in the rainforest zones of Nigeria. The experimental design was a 2x2x3 factorial in a randomized complete block design using a split plot. The Land Equivalent Ratio (LER), Relative Value Total and Replacement Value of Intercrops were used to evaluate the yield data. Data collected were analysed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) at p = 0.05. However, the application of organomineral fertilizer and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi has significantly (p<0.05) increased the growth and yield of both crops in sole and intercrop. Thus, the inoculation of mycorrhiza has increased the grain yield of maize and pigeon pea by 33% and 56 % respectively. Also, the application of organomineral fertilizer has increased the yield of maize and pigeon pea by 60 % and 52 % respectively. Similarly, the combined application of organomineral fertilizer with mycorrhiza has increased the yield of maize and pigeon pea by 86% and 56 % respectively. The practice of intercropping farming system had higher Land Equivalent Ratio, Relative Value Total and Replacement Value Intercrop. The study further revealed that the inoculation of mycorrhiza significantly (p < 0.05) increased the profit of farmers as its Replacement Value of Intercrops of the treatment with mycorrhiza was 3.27. Thus, mycorrhizal inoculation and these farming practice is recommended to enhance farmer’s economic return and grain production for tropical farmers.

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Claims 10

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Organomineral fertilizer and mycorrhiza significantly increased crop growth.

Taxon
MAIZEZea mayst0
Treatment
organomineral fertilizer and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungie0
Outcome
growthe0
Direction
increasede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“application of organomineral fertilizer and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi has significantly (p<0.05) increased the growth and yield of both crops in sole and intercrop”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 551–717 · show in text ↑
t0

“MAIZE - PIGEON PEA”

✓ located after whitespace/quote normalisation · abstract, characters 111–127 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Mycorrhiza increased maize grain yield by 33%.

Taxon
maizeZea mayse0
Treatment
inoculation of mycorrhizae0
Interactor
mycorrhizae0symbiont
Outcome
grain yielde0
Direction
increasede0
Value
33%e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“inoculation of mycorrhiza has increased the grain yield of maize and pigeon pea by 33% and 56 % respectively”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 729–837 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Mycorrhiza increased pigeon pea grain yield by 56 %.

Taxon
pigeon peaCajanus cajane0
Treatment
inoculation of mycorrhizae0
Interactor
mycorrhizae0symbiont
Outcome
grain yielde0
Direction
increasede0
Value
56 %e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cajanus cajan
Cajanus cajan · TaxonFilo gèn' · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“inoculation of mycorrhiza has increased the grain yield of maize and pigeon pea by 33% and 56 % respectively”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 729–837 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Organomineral fertilizer increased maize yield by 60 %.

Taxon
maizeZea mayse0
Treatment
organomineral fertilizere0
Outcome
yielde0
Direction
increasede0
Value
60 %e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“application of organomineral fertilizer has increased the yield of maize and pigeon pea by 60 % and 52 % respectively”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 849–966 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Organomineral fertilizer increased pigeon pea yield by 52 %.

Taxon
pigeon peaCajanus cajane0
Treatment
organomineral fertilizere0
Outcome
yielde0
Direction
increasede0
Value
52 %e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cajanus cajan
Cajanus cajan · TaxonFilo gèn' · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“application of organomineral fertilizer has increased the yield of maize and pigeon pea by 60 % and 52 % respectively”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 849–966 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Combined fertilizer and mycorrhiza increased maize yield by 86%.

Taxon
maizeZea mayse0
Treatment
organomineral fertilizer with mycorrhizae0
Interactor
mycorrhizae0symbiont
Outcome
yielde0
Direction
increasede0
Value
86%e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“combined application of organomineral fertilizer with mycorrhiza has increased the yield of maize and pigeon pea by 86% and 56 % respectively”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 983–1124 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Combined fertilizer and mycorrhiza increased pigeon pea yield by 56 %.

Taxon
pigeon peaCajanus cajane0
Treatment
organomineral fertilizer with mycorrhizae0
Interactor
mycorrhizae0symbiont
Outcome
yielde0
Direction
increasede0
Value
56 %e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cajanus cajan
Cajanus cajan · TaxonFilo gèn' · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“combined application of organomineral fertilizer with mycorrhiza has increased the yield of maize and pigeon pea by 86% and 56 % respectively”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 983–1124 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Intercropping had a higher land equivalent ratio, relative value total and replacement value.

Taxon
MAIZE - PIGEON PEAt0
Treatment
intercropping farming systeme0
Outcome
Land Equivalent Ratio, Relative Value Total and Replacement Value Intercrope0
Direction
highere0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

t0

“MAIZE - PIGEON PEA INTERCROP”

✓ located after whitespace/quote normalisation · abstract, characters 111–137 · show in text ↑
e0

“intercropping farming system had higher Land Equivalent Ratio, Relative Value Total and Replacement Value Intercrop”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1142–1257 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Mycorrhiza increased farmer profit, with replacement value 3.27.

Taxon
MAIZE - PIGEON PEAt0
Treatment
inoculation of mycorrhizae0
Interactor
mycorrhizae0symbiont
Outcome
profit of farmerse0
Direction
increasede0
Value
3.27e0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

t0

“MAIZE - PIGEON PEA INTERCROP”

✓ located after whitespace/quote normalisation · abstract, characters 111–137 · show in text ↑
e0

“inoculation of mycorrhiza significantly (p < 0.05) increased the profit of farmers as its Replacement Value of Intercrops of the treatment with mycorrhiza was 3.27”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1295–1458 · show in text ↑
Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivebasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

Authors recommend mycorrhizal inoculation and intercropping to improve farmer return and grain production.

Taxon
MAIZE - PIGEON PEAt0
Interactor
mycorrhizale0symbiont
Outcome
mycorrhizal inoculation and these farming practicee0

Verbatim

t0

“MAIZE - PIGEON PEA INTERCROP”

✓ located after whitespace/quote normalisation · abstract, characters 111–137 · show in text ↑
e0

“mycorrhizal inoculation and these farming practice is recommended to enhance farmer’s economic return and grain production”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1466–1588 · show in text ↑

mycorrhiza · yield · Zea mays (maize)Results differ

113 papers: 104 positive, 9 negative or no effect

103 papers in the same direction as this paper · 9 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. negative
  3. no effect

109 papers more in this group

See all 113 papers →

mycorrhiza · yield · Cajanus cajan (pigeon pea)Positive and negative results

7 papers: 6 positive, 1 negative or no effect

5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. positive
  3. positive

3 papers more in this group

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inoculation · yield · Cajanus cajan (pigeon pea)Positive and negative results

33 papers: 31 positive, 2 negative or no effect

30 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. negative
  3. positive

29 papers more in this group

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fertilization · yield · Cajanus cajan (pigeon pea)Positive and negative results

166 papers: 159 positive, 7 negative or no effect

158 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. no effect
  3. no effect

162 papers more in this group

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mycorrhiza · growth · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

188 papers: 169 positive, 19 negative or no effect

168 papers in the same direction as this paper · 17 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. no effect
  3. no effect

184 papers more in this group

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inoculation · yield · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

538 papers: 479 positive, 59 negative or no effect

478 papers in the same direction as this paper · 52 in the opposite direction · 7 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. no effect
  3. negative

534 papers more in this group

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fertilization · growth · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

1,365 papers: 1,196 positive, 169 negative or no effect

1,195 papers in the same direction as this paper · 149 in the opposite direction · 20 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. positive
  3. no effect

1,361 papers more in this group

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fertilization · yield · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

3,908 papers: 3,485 positive, 423 negative or no effect

3,484 papers in the same direction as this paper · 338 in the opposite direction · 85 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. negative

3,904 papers more in this group

See all 3,908 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.