Abstract
The emergence of a new virulent race of stem rust (Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici) of wheat (Triticum aestivum), TTKS (Ug99), calls for urgent measures to contain the disease, which is a serious threat to wheat production in Kenya. Nine commercial fungicides were evaluated for control of stem rust in the field in three locations in 2005 and 2006. Ten treatments, including untreated control, were applied on field plots in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Assessment of stem rust severity was done at growth stage (GS) 55 (heading), GS 65 (flowering), and GS 75 (late milk) and expressed in terms of mean rust severity and area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC). In general, fungicide treatment significantly (P ≤ 0.05) reduced rust severity, AUDPC, and losses in grain yield and 1,000-kernel weight for cv. Duma compared with the untreated control. Stem rust was severe in both years across all sites, resulting in significantly less grain yield in the control treatment. The 1,000-kernel weight was significantly less at two locations in 2006. Fungicides azoxystrobin at 200 g/liter + cyproconazole at 80 g/liter (AmistarXtra 280 SC), tebuconazole (Folicur 250 EC), tebuconazole + tridimenol (Silvacur 375 EC), and tebuconazole (Orius 25 EW) were more effective in reducing stem rust across the sites. Fungicides trifloxystrobin + propiconazole (Stratego 250 EC), hexaconazole (Cotaf 5 EC), epoxiconazole + carbendazim (Swing 250 EC), cyproconazole at 80 g/liter + propiconazole at 250 g/liter (Artea 330EC), and epoxiconazole at 125 g/liter + carbendazim at 125 g/liter (Soprano C 250 EC) were inconsistent in the reduction of the disease. The results suggest that fungicides can be used effectively in reducing stem rust severity and increasing yield of susceptible wheat cultivars in stem-rust-prone areas.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Fungicides significantly reduced wheat stem rust severity and AUDPC relative to untreated control.
- Taxon
- Wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Material
- cv. Dumae0
- Treatment
- fungicide treatmente0
- Interactor
- Stem Rustt0pathogen
- Outcome
- rust severity, AUDPCe0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- untreated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fungicide treatment significantly (P ≤ 0.05) reduced rust severity, AUDPC, and losses in grain yield and 1,000-kernel weight for cv. Duma compared with the untreated control.”
t0“Wheat Stem Rust”
Claim · model-written summary
Fungicides significantly reduced losses in grain yield and 1,000-kernel weight for Duma wheat relative to untreated control.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- cv. Dumae0
- Treatment
- fungicide treatmente0
- Interactor
- Stem Rustt0pathogen
- Outcome
- losses in grain yield and 1,000-kernel weighte0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- untreated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fungicide treatment significantly (P ≤ 0.05) reduced rust severity, AUDPC, and losses in grain yield and 1,000-kernel weight for cv. Duma compared with the untreated control.”
t0“Wheat Stem Rust”
Claim · model-written summary
Stem rust was severe across sites in both years and control wheat plots had significantly lower grain yield.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- control treatmente0
- Interactor
- Stem Rustt0pathogen
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- lesse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Stem rust was severe in both years across all sites, resulting in significantly less grain yield in the control treatment.”
t0“Wheat Stem Rust”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat 1,000-kernel weight was significantly lower at two locations in 2006.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- 1,000-kernel weighte0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Qualifier
- two locations in 2006e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The 1,000-kernel weight was significantly less at two locations in 2006.”
t0“Wheat Stem Rust”
Claim · model-written summary
AmistarXtra 280 SC was more effective at reducing wheat stem rust across sites.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- azoxystrobin at 200 g/liter + cyproconazole at 80 g/liter (AmistarXtra 280 SC)e0
- Interactor
- Stem Rustt0pathogen
- Outcome
- stem ruste0
- Direction
- reducinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fungicides azoxystrobin at 200 g/liter + cyproconazole at 80 g/liter (AmistarXtra 280 SC), tebuconazole (Folicur 250 EC), tebuconazole + tridimenol (Silvacur 375 EC), and tebuconazole (Orius 25 EW) were more effective in reducing stem rust across the sites.”
t0“Wheat Stem Rust”
Claim · model-written summary
Folicur 250 EC was more effective at reducing wheat stem rust across sites.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- tebuconazole (Folicur 250 EC)e0
- Interactor
- Stem Rustt0pathogen
- Outcome
- stem ruste0
- Direction
- reducinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tebuconazole (Folicur 250 EC), tebuconazole + tridimenol (Silvacur 375 EC), and tebuconazole (Orius 25 EW) were more effective in reducing stem rust across the sites.”
t0“Wheat Stem Rust”
Claim · model-written summary
Silvacur 375 EC was more effective at reducing wheat stem rust across sites.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- tebuconazole + tridimenol (Silvacur 375 EC)e0
- Interactor
- Stem Rustt0pathogen
- Outcome
- stem ruste0
- Direction
- reducinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tebuconazole + tridimenol (Silvacur 375 EC), and tebuconazole (Orius 25 EW) were more effective in reducing stem rust across the sites.”
t0“Wheat Stem Rust”
Claim · model-written summary
Orius 25 EW was more effective at reducing wheat stem rust across sites.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- tebuconazole (Orius 25 EW)e0
- Interactor
- Stem Rustt0pathogen
- Outcome
- stem ruste0
- Direction
- reducinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tebuconazole (Orius 25 EW) were more effective in reducing stem rust across the sites.”
t0“Wheat Stem Rust”
Claim · model-written summary
Stratego 250 EC gave inconsistent wheat stem rust reductions.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- trifloxystrobin + propiconazole (Stratego 250 EC)e0
- Interactor
- Stem Rustt0pathogen
- Outcome
- reduction of the diseasee0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fungicides trifloxystrobin + propiconazole (Stratego 250 EC), hexaconazole (Cotaf 5 EC), epoxiconazole + carbendazim (Swing 250 EC), cyproconazole at 80 g/liter + propiconazole at 250 g/liter (Artea 330EC), and epoxiconazole at 125 g/liter + carbendazim at 125 g/liter (Soprano C 250 EC) were inconsistent in the reduction of the disease.”
t0“Wheat Stem Rust”
Claim · model-written summary
Cotaf 5 EC gave inconsistent wheat stem rust reductions.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- hexaconazole (Cotaf 5 EC)e0
- Interactor
- Stem Rustt0pathogen
- Outcome
- reduction of the diseasee0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“hexaconazole (Cotaf 5 EC), epoxiconazole + carbendazim (Swing 250 EC), cyproconazole at 80 g/liter + propiconazole at 250 g/liter (Artea 330EC), and epoxiconazole at 125 g/liter + carbendazim at 125 g/liter (Soprano C 250 EC) were inconsistent in the reduction of the disease.”
t0“Wheat Stem Rust”
Claim · model-written summary
Swing 250 EC gave inconsistent wheat stem rust reductions.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- epoxiconazole + carbendazim (Swing 250 EC)e0
- Interactor
- Stem Rustt0pathogen
- Outcome
- reduction of the diseasee0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“epoxiconazole + carbendazim (Swing 250 EC), cyproconazole at 80 g/liter + propiconazole at 250 g/liter (Artea 330EC), and epoxiconazole at 125 g/liter + carbendazim at 125 g/liter (Soprano C 250 EC) were inconsistent in the reduction of the disease.”
t0“Wheat Stem Rust”
Claim · model-written summary
Artea 330EC gave inconsistent wheat stem rust reductions.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- cyproconazole at 80 g/liter + propiconazole at 250 g/liter (Artea 330EC)e0
- Interactor
- Stem Rustt0pathogen
- Outcome
- reduction of the diseasee0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cyproconazole at 80 g/liter + propiconazole at 250 g/liter (Artea 330EC), and epoxiconazole at 125 g/liter + carbendazim at 125 g/liter (Soprano C 250 EC) were inconsistent in the reduction of the disease.”
t0“Wheat Stem Rust”
Claim · model-written summary
Soprano C 250 EC gave inconsistent wheat stem rust reductions.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- epoxiconazole at 125 g/liter + carbendazim at 125 g/liter (Soprano C 250 EC)e0
- Interactor
- Stem Rustt0pathogen
- Outcome
- reduction of the diseasee0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“epoxiconazole at 125 g/liter + carbendazim at 125 g/liter (Soprano C 250 EC) were inconsistent in the reduction of the disease.”
t0“Wheat Stem Rust”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest fungicides can reduce stem rust and increase yield of susceptible wheat cultivars in prone areas.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- fungicides can be used effectively in reducing stem rust severity and increasing yielde0
- Qualifier
- stem-rust-prone arease0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fungicides can be used effectively in reducing stem rust severity and increasing yield of susceptible wheat cultivars in stem-rust-prone areas.”
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See all 262 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.