Abstract
We developed a PCR-based assay to quantify trichothecene-producing Fusarium based on primers derived from the trichodiene synthase gene (Tri5). The primers were tested against a range of fusarium head blight (FHB) (also known as scab) pathogens and found to amplify specifically a 260-bp product from 25 isolates belonging to six trichothecene-producing Fusarium species. Amounts of the trichothecene-producing Fusarium and the trichothecene mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) in harvested grain from a field trial designed to test the efficacies of the fungicides metconazole, azoxystrobin, and tebuconazole to control FHB were quantified. No correlation was found between FHB severity and DON in harvested grain, but a good correlation existed between the amount of trichothecene-producing Fusarium and DON present within grain. Azoxystrobin did not affect levels of trichothecene-producing Fusarium compared with those of untreated controls. Metconazole and tebuconazole significantly reduced the amount of trichothecene-producing Fusarium in harvested grain. We hypothesize that the fungicides affected the relationship between FHB severity and the amount of DON in harvested grain by altering the proportion of trichothecene-producing Fusarium within the FHB disease complex and not by altering the rate of DON production. The Tri5 quantitative PCR assay will aid research directed towards reducing amounts of trichothecene mycotoxins in food and animal feed.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Azoxystrobin did not affect levels of trichothecene-producing Fusarium in winter wheat grain compared with untreated controls.
- Taxon
- Winter Wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- Azoxystrobine3
- Interactor
- trichothecene-producing Fusariume3pathogen
- Outcome
- levels of trichothecene-producing Fusariume3
- Direction
- did not affecte3
- Comparator
- untreated controlse3
- Setting
- field triale0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Fusarium Head Blight of Winter Wheat”
e0“from a field trial designed to test the efficacies of the fungicides metconazole, azoxystrobin, and tebuconazole to control FHB”
e3“Azoxystrobin did not affect levels of trichothecene-producing Fusarium compared with those of untreated controls”
Claim · model-written summary
Metconazole significantly reduced the amount of trichothecene-producing Fusarium in harvested winter wheat grain.
- Taxon
- Winter WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- harvested graine4
- Treatment
- Metconazolee4
- Interactor
- trichothecene-producing Fusariume4pathogen
- Outcome
- amount of trichothecene-producing Fusariume4
- Direction
- reducede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Fusarium Head Blight of Winter Wheat”
e4“Metconazole and tebuconazole significantly reduced the amount of trichothecene-producing Fusarium in harvested grain”
Claim · model-written summary
Tebuconazole significantly reduced the amount of trichothecene-producing Fusarium in harvested winter wheat grain.
- Taxon
- Winter WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- harvested graine4
- Treatment
- tebuconazolee4
- Interactor
- trichothecene-producing Fusariume4pathogen
- Outcome
- amount of trichothecene-producing Fusariume4
- Direction
- reducede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Fusarium Head Blight of Winter Wheat”
e4“Metconazole and tebuconazole significantly reduced the amount of trichothecene-producing Fusarium in harvested grain”
Claim · model-written summary
No correlation was found between FHB severity and DON in harvested winter wheat grain.
- Taxon
- Winter WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- harvested graine1
- Compound
- DONe1
- Outcome
- FHB severity and DONe1
- Direction
- No correlatione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Fusarium Head Blight of Winter Wheat”
e1“No correlation was found between FHB severity and DON in harvested grain”
Claim · model-written summary
A good correlation existed between the amount of trichothecene-producing Fusarium and DON within harvested winter wheat grain.
- Taxon
- Winter WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Interactor
- trichothecene-producing Fusariume2pathogen
- Compound
- DONe2
- Outcome
- the amount of trichothecene-producing Fusarium and DONe2
- Direction
- good correlatione2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Fusarium Head Blight of Winter Wheat”
e2“a good correlation existed between the amount of trichothecene-producing Fusarium and DON present within grain”
Claim · model-written summary
Fungicides may have changed the FHB severity to DON relationship by altering the proportion of trichothecene-producing Fusarium rather than the rate of DON production.
- Taxon
- Winter WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- fungicidese5
- Outcome
- relationship between FHB severity and the amount of DONe5
- Qualifier
- by altering the proportion of trichothecene-producing Fusarium within the FHB disease complex and not by altering the rate of DON productione5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Fusarium Head Blight of Winter Wheat”
e5“We hypothesize that the fungicides affected the relationship between FHB severity and the amount of DON in harvested grain by altering the proportion of trichothecene-producing Fusarium within the FHB disease complex and not by altering the rate of DON production”
Claim · model-written summary
The Tri5 quantitative PCR primers specifically amplified a 260-bp product from 25 isolates of six trichothecene-producing Fusarium species.
- Taxon
- Winter WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Interactor
- trichothecene-producing Fusariume7pathogen
- Outcome
- amplify specifically a 260-bp producte7
- Value
- 260-bpe7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Fusarium Head Blight of Winter Wheat”
e7“found to amplify specifically a 260-bp product from 25 isolates belonging to six trichothecene-producing Fusarium species”
The same questions in other papers
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See all 17 papers →tebuconazole · disease · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results agree
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See all 36 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.