Abstract
Two related protein phosphatases 2C, ABI1 and AtPP2CA have been implicated as negative regulators of ABA signalling. In this study we characterized the role of AtPP2CA in cold acclimation. The pattern of expression of AtPP2CA and ABI1 was studied in different tissues and in response to abiotic stresses. The expression of both AtPP2CA and ABI1 was induced by low temperature, drought, high salt and ABA. The cold and drought-induced expression of these genes was ABA-dependent, but divergent in various ABA signalling mutants. In addition, the two PP2C genes exhibited differences in their tissue-specific expression as well as in temporal induction in response to low temperature. To elucidate the function of AtPP2CA in cold acclimation further, the corresponding gene was silenced by antisense inhibition. Transgenic antisense plants exhibited clearly accelerated development of freezing tolerance. Both exposure to low temperature and application of ABA resulted in enhanced freezing tolerance in antisense plants. These plants displayed increased sensitivity to ABA both during development of frost tolerance and during seed germination, but not in their drought responses. Furthermore, the expression of cold-and ABA-induced genes was enhanced in transgenic antisense plants. Our results suggest that AtPP2CA is a negative regulator of ABA responses during cold acclimation.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Low temperature, drought, salt and ABA induced AtPP2CA and ABI1 expression.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabidopsis thalianat0 - Treatment
- low temperature, drought, high salt and ABAe0
- Gene
- AtPP2CA and ABI1e0
- Outcome
- expressione0
- Direction
- inducede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The expression of both AtPP2CA and ABI1 was induced by low temperature, drought, high salt and ABA”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
Cold and drought induction of these genes depended on ABA, with divergent responses among ABA signalling mutants.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Outcome
- cold and drought-induced expressione0
- Qualifier
- ABA-dependent, but divergent in various ABA signalling mutantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The cold and drought-induced expression of these genes was ABA-dependent, but divergent in various ABA signalling mutants”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
The PP2C genes differed in tissue-specific expression and timing of low-temperature induction.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Gene
- PP2C genese0
- Outcome
- differences in their tissue-specific expression as well as in temporal inductione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the two PP2C genes exhibited differences in their tissue-specific expression as well as in temporal induction in response to low temperature”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
Antisense plants developed freezing tolerance faster.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Treatment
- antisensee0
- Outcome
- development of freezing tolerancee0
- Direction
- acceleratede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Transgenic antisense plants exhibited clearly accelerated development of freezing tolerance”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
Low temperature enhanced freezing tolerance in antisense plants.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Material
- antisense plantse0
- Treatment
- exposure to low temperaturee0
- Outcome
- freezing tolerancee0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both exposure to low temperature and application of ABA resulted in enhanced freezing tolerance in antisense plants”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
ABA application enhanced freezing tolerance in antisense plants.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Material
- antisense plantse0
- Treatment
- application of ABAe0
- Outcome
- freezing tolerancee0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both exposure to low temperature and application of ABA resulted in enhanced freezing tolerance in antisense plants”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
Antisense plants showed increased ABA sensitivity during frost-tolerance development and seed germination, but not drought response.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Outcome
- sensitivity to ABAe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- both during development of frost tolerance and during seed germination, but not in their drought responsese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These plants displayed increased sensitivity to ABA both during development of frost tolerance and during seed germination, but not in their drought responses”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
Cold- and ABA-induced gene expression was enhanced in antisense plants.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Material
- transgenic antisense plantse0
- Outcome
- expression of cold-and ABA-induced genese0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the expression of cold-and ABA-induced genes was enhanced in transgenic antisense plants”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors interpret AtPP2CA as a negative regulator of ABA responses during cold acclimation.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Gene
- AtPP2CAe0
- Outcome
- ABA responses during cold acclimatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“AtPP2CA is a negative regulator of ABA responses during cold acclimation”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
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