Abstract
Low temperature regulates gene expression in bacteria, yeast, and animals as well as in plants. However, the signal transduction cascades mediating the low temperature responses are not well understood in any organism. To identify components in low temperature signaling genetically, we isolated Arabidopsis thaliana mutants in which cold-responsive genes are no longer induced by low temperatures. One of these mutations, los1-1, specifically blocks low temperature-induced transcription of cold-responsive genes. Surprisingly, cold-induced expression of the early response transcriptional activators, C-repeat/dehydration responsive element binding factors (CBF/DREB1s), is enhanced by the los1-1 mutation. The los1-1 mutation also reduces the capacity of plants to develop freezing tolerance but does not impair the vernalization response. Genetic analysis indicated that los1-1 is a recessive mutation in a single nuclear gene. The LOS1 gene encodes a translation elongation factor 2-like protein. Protein labeling studies show that new protein synthesis is blocked in los1-1 mutant plants specifically in the cold. These results reveal a critical role of new protein synthesis in the proper transduction of low temperature signals. Our results also suggest that cold-induced transcription of CBF/DREB1s is feedback inhibited by their gene products or by products of their downstream target genes.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
The los1-1 mutation blocks cold-induced transcription of cold-responsive genes.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabidopsis thalianae1 - Material
- los1-1e0
- Treatment
- low temperaturee0
- Outcome
- transcription of cold-responsive genese0
- Direction
- blockse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“One of these mutations, los1-1, specifically blocks low temperature-induced transcription of cold-responsive genes”
e1“Arabidopsis thaliana mutants”
Claim · model-written summary
The los1-1 mutation enhances cold-induced CBF/DREB1 expression.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Material
- los1-1e0
- Treatment
- cold-inducede0
- Gene
- CBF/DREB1se0
- Outcome
- expressione0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cold-induced expression of the early response transcriptional activators, C-repeat/dehydration responsive element binding factors (CBF/DREB1s), is enhanced by the los1-1 mutation”
e1“Arabidopsis thaliana mutants”
Claim · model-written summary
The los1-1 mutation reduces capacity to develop freezing tolerance.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Material
- los1-1e0
- Treatment
- los1-1 mutatione0
- Outcome
- capacity of plants to develop freezing tolerancee0
- Direction
- reducese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The los1-1 mutation also reduces the capacity of plants to develop freezing tolerance”
e1“Arabidopsis thaliana mutants”
Claim · model-written summary
The los1-1 mutation did not impair the vernalization response.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae2
- Material
- los1-1e1
- Treatment
- los1-1 mutatione1
- Outcome
- vernalization responsee0
- Direction
- does not impaire0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“does not impair the vernalization response”
e1“The los1-1 mutation”
e2“Arabidopsis thaliana mutants”
Claim · model-written summary
Genetic analysis found los1-1 is recessive in a single nuclear gene.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Gene
- los1-1e0
- Outcome
- recessive mutation in a single nuclear genee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“los1-1 is a recessive mutation in a single nuclear gene”
e1“Arabidopsis thaliana mutants”
Claim · model-written summary
LOS1 encodes a translation elongation factor 2-like protein.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Gene
- LOS1e0
- Outcome
- encodes a translation elongation factor 2-like proteine0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The LOS1 gene encodes a translation elongation factor 2-like protein”
e1“Arabidopsis thaliana mutants”
Claim · model-written summary
New protein synthesis is blocked specifically in cold-exposed los1-1 plants.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Material
- los1-1e0
- Treatment
- colde0
- Outcome
- new protein synthesise0
- Direction
- blockede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“new protein synthesis is blocked in los1-1 mutant plants specifically in the cold”
e1“Arabidopsis thaliana mutants”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer new protein synthesis is critical for cold signal transduction.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Outcome
- proper transduction of low temperature signalse0
- Qualifier
- new protein synthesise0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a critical role of new protein synthesis in the proper transduction of low temperature signals”
e1“Arabidopsis thaliana mutants”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest CBF/DREB1 transcription is feedback inhibited by its products or downstream target products.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae1
- Gene
- CBF/DREB1se0
- Outcome
- cold-induced transcription of CBF/DREB1se0
- Qualifier
- their gene products or by products of their downstream target genese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cold-induced transcription of CBF/DREB1s is feedback inhibited by their gene products or by products of their downstream target genes”
e1“Arabidopsis thaliana mutants”
The same questions in other papers
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See all 33 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.