Abstract
The role of salicylic acid (SA) in alleviating cadmium (Cd) toxicity was investigated in a hydroponic cultivation system. Short-term exposure of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) plants to 20 μM Cd inhibited biomass production and intensively increased accumulation of Cd in both roots and leaves. At leaf level, Cd significantly decreased mineral ions, chlorophyll and carotenoids concentrations. Concomitantly, Cd enhanced electrolyte leakage, H2O2 content and lipid peroxidation as indicated by malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation. SA pretreatment decreased the uptake and the transport of Cd, alleviated the Cd-induced inhibition of nutrient absorption and led to a significant increase of chlorophyll and carotenoid content. SA application alleviated the oxidative damages as evidenced by the lowered H2O2 and MDA content. SA particularly induced an increase in both CAT and APX activities accompanied by a significant reduction in SOD and POD activities. As important antioxidants, ascorbate and glutathione contents in bean leaves exposed to cadmium were significantly decreased by SA treatment. These results reveal the potentiating effect of salicylic acid in regulating cadmium induced oxidative stress in bean plants.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Short-term exposure of bean to 20 μM Cd inhibited biomass production.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgaris
Phaseolus vulgarise1 - Treatment
- 20 μM Cde1
- Outcome
- biomass productione1
- Direction
- inhibitede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Short-term exposure of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) plants to 20 μM Cd inhibited biomass production”
Claim · model-written summary
Cd exposure increased Cd accumulation in bean roots and leaves.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgarisPhaseolus vulgarise1
- Organ / stage
- roots and leavese2
- Treatment
- 20 μM Cde1
- Outcome
- accumulation of Cde2
- Direction
- increasede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Short-term exposure of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) plants to 20 μM Cd inhibited biomass production”
e2“intensively increased accumulation of Cd in both roots and leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Cd significantly decreased mineral ions, chlorophyll and carotenoid concentrations at leaf level.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgarisPhaseolus vulgarise1
- Organ / stage
- leafe3
- Treatment
- Cde3
- Outcome
- mineral ions, chlorophyll and carotenoids concentrationse3
- Direction
- decreasede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Short-term exposure of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) plants to 20 μM Cd inhibited biomass production”
e3“At leaf level, Cd significantly decreased mineral ions, chlorophyll and carotenoids concentrations”
Claim · model-written summary
Cd enhanced electrolyte leakage, H2O2 content and lipid peroxidation in bean.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgarisPhaseolus vulgarise1
- Treatment
- Cde4
- Outcome
- electrolyte leakage, H2O2 content and lipid peroxidatione4
- Direction
- enhancede4
- Qualifier
- as indicated by malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulatione4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Short-term exposure of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) plants to 20 μM Cd inhibited biomass production”
e4“Cd enhanced electrolyte leakage, H2O2 content and lipid peroxidation as indicated by malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation”
Claim · model-written summary
SA pretreatment decreased the uptake and transport of Cd in bean.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgarisPhaseolus vulgarise1
- Treatment
- SA pretreatmente5
- Outcome
- uptake and the transport of Cde5
- Direction
- decreasede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Short-term exposure of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) plants to 20 μM Cd inhibited biomass production”
e5“SA pretreatment decreased the uptake and the transport of Cd”
Claim · model-written summary
SA pretreatment alleviated the Cd-induced inhibition of nutrient absorption in bean.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgarisPhaseolus vulgarise1
- Treatment
- SA pretreatmente5
- Outcome
- nutrient absorptione6
- Direction
- alleviatede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Short-term exposure of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) plants to 20 μM Cd inhibited biomass production”
e5“SA pretreatment decreased the uptake and the transport of Cd”
e6“alleviated the Cd-induced inhibition of nutrient absorption”
Claim · model-written summary
SA pretreatment led to a significant increase of chlorophyll and carotenoid content in bean.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgarisPhaseolus vulgarise1
- Treatment
- SA pretreatmente5
- Outcome
- chlorophyll and carotenoid contente7
- Direction
- increasee7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Short-term exposure of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) plants to 20 μM Cd inhibited biomass production”
e5“SA pretreatment decreased the uptake and the transport of Cd”
e7“led to a significant increase of chlorophyll and carotenoid content”
Claim · model-written summary
SA application alleviated oxidative damage in bean.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgarisPhaseolus vulgarise1
- Treatment
- SA applicatione2
- Outcome
- oxidative damagese2
- Direction
- alleviatede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Short-term exposure of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) plants to 20 μM Cd inhibited biomass production”
e2“SA application alleviated the oxidative damages as evidenced by the lowered H2O2 and MDA content”
Claim · model-written summary
SA application lowered H2O2 and MDA content in bean.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgarisPhaseolus vulgarise1
- Treatment
- SA applicatione2
- Outcome
- H2O2 and MDA contente2
- Direction
- lowerede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Short-term exposure of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) plants to 20 μM Cd inhibited biomass production”
e2“SA application alleviated the oxidative damages as evidenced by the lowered H2O2 and MDA content”
Claim · model-written summary
SA increased both CAT and APX activities in bean under Cd.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgarisPhaseolus vulgarise1
- Treatment
- SAe2
- Gene
- CAT and APXe2
- Outcome
- CAT and APX activitiese2
- Direction
- increasee2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Short-term exposure of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) plants to 20 μM Cd inhibited biomass production”
e2“SA particularly induced an increase in both CAT and APX activities”
Claim · model-written summary
SA was accompanied by a significant reduction in SOD and POD activities in bean.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgarisPhaseolus vulgarise1
- Treatment
- SAe2
- Gene
- SOD and PODe3
- Outcome
- SOD and POD activitiese3
- Direction
- reductione3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Short-term exposure of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) plants to 20 μM Cd inhibited biomass production”
e2“SA particularly induced an increase in both CAT and APX activities”
e3“accompanied by a significant reduction in SOD and POD activities”
Claim · model-written summary
SA treatment significantly decreased ascorbate and glutathione contents in bean leaves exposed to Cd.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgarisPhaseolus vulgarise1
- Organ / stage
- bean leavese2
- Treatment
- SA treatmente2
- Outcome
- ascorbate and glutathione contentse2
- Direction
- significantly decreasede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Short-term exposure of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) plants to 20 μM Cd inhibited biomass production”
e2“ascorbate and glutathione contents in bean leaves exposed to cadmium were significantly decreased by SA treatment”
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See all 7 papers →8 of 9 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.