Abstract
The influence of the Cd/Fe interaction on primary carbon metabolism in Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Slowianka plants was investigated. It was documented earlier that Cd induced a decrease in the leaf Fe content, and increased levels of Fe may reduce Cd toxicity. The aim of the present study was to check whether Cd is toxic to Calvin cycle enzymes and especially if different Fe levels can modify the Cd effect. Bush-bean seedlings were cultivated in the presence of different Cd concentrations (0, 10, 20, 50 mu M) and at different Fe doses (deficient: 0 mmol, normal: 0.25 mmol, excessive: 0.5 mmol). Leaf content of ATP, ADP, Calvin cycle metabolites, activity of RUBISCO and carbonic anhydrase were measured. The influence of Cd/Fe interaction on the content of Calvin cycle metabolites seemed to be of both direct and indirect nature. The Cd-induced increase in ATP content, and in the ATP/ADP ratio, resulted from a decreased ATP consumption. At a higher Fe dose, the Cd/Fe interaction resulted in a revitalisation of the adenylate pool and Calvin cycle metabolites. The inhibition of RUBISCO carboxylase activity may be considered as the primary plant response to Cd-stress. The mechanisms of RUBISCO activation operate to overcome this limitation, although their efficiency was decreased by high Cd concentrations, resulting in decreased RUBISCO activity. At a low Cd concentration, the increase in RUBISCO activity was correlated with increased carbonic anhydrase activity.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Cd increased leaf ATP content as ATP consumption decreased.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgaris
Phaseolus vulgarist0 - Treatment
- Cd-inducede0
- Outcome
- increase in ATP contente0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- decreased ATP consumptione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The Cd-induced increase in ATP content, and in the ATP/ADP ratio, resulted from a decreased ATP consumption.”
t0“Phaseolus vulgaris”
Claim · model-written summary
Cd increased the ATP/ADP ratio as ATP consumption decreased.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgarisPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Cd-inducede0
- Outcome
- ATP/ADP ratioe0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- decreased ATP consumptione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The Cd-induced increase in ATP content, and in the ATP/ADP ratio, resulted from a decreased ATP consumption.”
t0“Phaseolus vulgaris”
Claim · model-written summary
At a higher Fe dose, Cd/Fe interaction revitalised the adenylate pool.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgarisPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Cd/Fe interactione0
- Outcome
- adenylate poole0
- Direction
- revitalisatione0
- Qualifier
- higher Fe dosee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At a higher Fe dose, the Cd/Fe interaction resulted in a revitalisation of the adenylate pool and Calvin cycle metabolites.”
t0“Phaseolus vulgaris”
Claim · model-written summary
At a higher Fe dose, Cd/Fe interaction revitalised Calvin cycle metabolites.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgarisPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Cd/Fe interactione0
- Outcome
- Calvin cycle metabolitese0
- Direction
- revitalisatione0
- Qualifier
- higher Fe dosee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At a higher Fe dose, the Cd/Fe interaction resulted in a revitalisation of the adenylate pool and Calvin cycle metabolites.”
t0“Phaseolus vulgaris”
Claim · model-written summary
RUBISCO carboxylase activity was inhibited as a primary response to Cd stress.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgarisPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Cd-stresse0
- Gene
- RUBISCOe0
- Outcome
- RUBISCO carboxylase activitye0
- Direction
- inhibitione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The inhibition of RUBISCO carboxylase activity may be considered as the primary plant response to Cd-stress.”
t0“Phaseolus vulgaris”
Claim · model-written summary
High Cd concentrations reduced the efficiency of RUBISCO activation and RUBISCO activity.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgarisPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- high Cd concentrationse0
- Gene
- RUBISCOe0
- Outcome
- RUBISCO activitye0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- their efficiency was decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The mechanisms of RUBISCO activation operate to overcome this limitation, although their efficiency was decreased by high Cd concentrations, resulting in decreased RUBISCO activity.”
t0“Phaseolus vulgaris”
Claim · model-written summary
At a low Cd concentration, RUBISCO activity increased in correlation with increased carbonic anhydrase activity.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgarisPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- low Cd concentratione0
- Gene
- RUBISCOe0
- Outcome
- RUBISCO activitye0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- correlated with increased carbonic anhydrase activitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At a low Cd concentration, the increase in RUBISCO activity was correlated with increased carbonic anhydrase activity.”
t0“Phaseolus vulgaris”
Claim · model-written summary
At a low Cd concentration, carbonic anhydrase activity increased.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgarisPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Gene
- carbonic anhydrasee0
- Outcome
- carbonic anhydrase activitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- low Cd concentratione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At a low Cd concentration, the increase in RUBISCO activity was correlated with increased carbonic anhydrase activity.”
t0“Phaseolus vulgaris”
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