Abstract
Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD) is a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of lignin. We have isolated full length of a cDNA encoding CAD (IbCAD1) that was previously identified as the most abundant gene in an EST library of sweetpotato suspension cells. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that IbCAD1 belongs to the family of defense-related CADs. High levels of IbCAD1 mRNA were found in the roots of sweetpotato, but not in the leaves and petioles. The IbCAD1 gene transcripts were highly induced by cold, wounding, and reactive oxygen species. Analyses of transcriptional regulation of the IbCAD1 gene in transgenic tobacco plants carrying the IbCAD1 promoter-GUS revealed that IbCAD1 promoter expression was strong in the roots, but barely detectable in the cotyledons. IbCAD1 promoter activity increased with increasing root age, and strong promoter expression was observed in the lateral root emergence sites and in root tips. Weak GUS expression was observed in lignified tissues of vascular system of mature leaves and stems. IbCAD1 promoter activity was strongly induced in response to the biotic and abiotic stresses, with the strongest inducer being wounding, and was also induced by salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) as well as by abscisic acid (ABA) and 6-benzylaminopurine. Taken together, our data suggest that IbCAD1 can be involved in JA- and SA-mediated wounding response and ABA-mediated cold response, respectively. The IbCAD1 gene may play a role in the resistance mechanism to biotic and abiotic stresses as well as in tissue-specific developmental lignification.
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
A full-length IbCAD1 cDNA was isolated from sweetpotato.
- Taxon
- sweetpotato
_Flower.jpg?width=60)
Ipomoea batatase0 - Gene
- IbCAD1e0
- Outcome
- cDNA encoding CAD (IbCAD1)e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Flower.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“We have isolated full length of a cDNA encoding CAD (IbCAD1) that was previously identified as the most abundant gene in an EST library of sweetpotato suspension cells.”
Claim · model-written summary
Phylogenetic analysis placed IbCAD1 among defense-related CADs.
- Taxon
- sweetpotatoIpomoea batatase1
- Gene
- IbCAD1e0
- Outcome
- family of defense-related CADse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phylogenetic analysis revealed that IbCAD1 belongs to the family of defense-related CADs.”
e1“sweetpotato suspension cells”
Claim · model-written summary
IbCAD1 mRNA was high in sweetpotato roots but not leaves or petioles.
- Taxon
- sweetpotatoIpomoea batatase0
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Gene
- IbCAD1e0
- Outcome
- IbCAD1 mRNAe0
- Direction
- Highe0
- Comparator
- leaves and petiolese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“High levels of IbCAD1 mRNA were found in the roots of sweetpotato, but not in the leaves and petioles.”
Claim · model-written summary
Cold induced IbCAD1 transcripts.
- Taxon
- sweetpotatoIpomoea batatase1
- Treatment
- colde0
- Gene
- IbCAD1e0
- Outcome
- IbCAD1 gene transcriptse0
- Direction
- inducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The IbCAD1 gene transcripts were highly induced by cold, wounding, and reactive oxygen species.”
e1“sweetpotato suspension cells”
Claim · model-written summary
Wounding induced IbCAD1 transcripts.
- Taxon
- sweetpotatoIpomoea batatase1
- Treatment
- woundinge0
- Gene
- IbCAD1e0
- Outcome
- IbCAD1 gene transcriptse0
- Direction
- inducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The IbCAD1 gene transcripts were highly induced by cold, wounding, and reactive oxygen species.”
e1“sweetpotato suspension cells”
Claim · model-written summary
Reactive oxygen species induced IbCAD1 transcripts.
- Taxon
- sweetpotatoIpomoea batatase1
- Treatment
- reactive oxygen speciese0
- Gene
- IbCAD1e0
- Outcome
- IbCAD1 gene transcriptse0
- Direction
- inducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The IbCAD1 gene transcripts were highly induced by cold, wounding, and reactive oxygen species.”
e1“sweetpotato suspension cells”
Claim · model-written summary
The IbCAD1 promoter was strongly expressed in tobacco roots but barely in cotyledons.
- Taxon
- tobacco
Nicotiana tabacume0 - Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Gene
- IbCAD1e0
- Outcome
- IbCAD1 promoter expressione0
- Direction
- stronge0
- Comparator
- cotyledonse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“transgenic tobacco plants carrying the IbCAD1 promoter-GUS revealed that IbCAD1 promoter expression was strong in the roots, but barely detectable in the cotyledons.”
Claim · model-written summary
IbCAD1 promoter activity rose with root age.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume1
- Organ / stage
- roote0
- Gene
- IbCAD1e0
- Outcome
- IbCAD1 promoter activitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“IbCAD1 promoter activity increased with increasing root age”
e1“transgenic tobacco plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Promoter expression was strong at lateral root emergence sites and root tips.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume1
- Organ / stage
- lateral root emergence sites and in root tipse0
- Outcome
- promoter expressione0
- Direction
- stronge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“strong promoter expression was observed in the lateral root emergence sites and in root tips”
e1“transgenic tobacco plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Mature leaf and stem lignified vascular tissues showed weak GUS expression.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume1
- Organ / stage
- mature leaves and stemse0
- Gene
- GUSe0
- Outcome
- GUS expressione0
- Direction
- Weake0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Weak GUS expression was observed in lignified tissues of vascular system of mature leaves and stems.”
e1“transgenic tobacco plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Wounding was the strongest inducer of IbCAD1 promoter activity among tested stresses.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume1
- Treatment
- woundinge0
- Gene
- IbCAD1e0
- Outcome
- IbCAD1 promoter activitye0
- Direction
- strongly inducede0
- Comparator
- biotic and abiotic stressese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“IbCAD1 promoter activity was strongly induced in response to the biotic and abiotic stresses, with the strongest inducer being wounding”
e1“transgenic tobacco plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Salicylic acid induced IbCAD1 promoter activity.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume1
- Treatment
- salicylic acid (SA)e0
- Gene
- IbCAD1e0
- Outcome
- IbCAD1 promoter activitye0
- Direction
- inducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“IbCAD1 promoter activity was strongly induced in response to the biotic and abiotic stresses, with the strongest inducer being wounding, and was also induced by salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) as well as by abscisic acid (ABA) and 6-benzylaminopurine.”
e1“transgenic tobacco plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Jasmonic acid induced IbCAD1 promoter activity.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume2
- Treatment
- jasmonic acid (JA)e0
- Gene
- IbCAD1e1
- Outcome
- IbCAD1 promoter activitye1
- Direction
- inducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“was also induced by salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) as well as by abscisic acid (ABA) and 6-benzylaminopurine.”
e1“IbCAD1 promoter activity was strongly induced in response to the biotic and abiotic stresses”
e2“transgenic tobacco plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Abscisic acid induced IbCAD1 promoter activity.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume2
- Treatment
- abscisic acid (ABA)e0
- Gene
- IbCAD1e1
- Outcome
- IbCAD1 promoter activitye1
- Direction
- inducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“was also induced by salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) as well as by abscisic acid (ABA) and 6-benzylaminopurine.”
e1“IbCAD1 promoter activity was strongly induced in response to the biotic and abiotic stresses”
e2“transgenic tobacco plants”
Claim · model-written summary
6-benzylaminopurine induced IbCAD1 promoter activity.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume2
- Treatment
- 6-benzylaminopurinee0
- Gene
- IbCAD1e1
- Outcome
- IbCAD1 promoter activitye1
- Direction
- inducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“was also induced by salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) as well as by abscisic acid (ABA) and 6-benzylaminopurine.”
e1“IbCAD1 promoter activity was strongly induced in response to the biotic and abiotic stresses”
e2“transgenic tobacco plants”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest IbCAD1 participates in JA- and SA-mediated wounding response and ABA-mediated cold response.
- Taxon
- sweetpotatoIpomoea batatase1
- Gene
- IbCAD1e0
- Outcome
- wounding response and ABA-mediated cold responsee0
- Qualifier
- JA- and SA-mediatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“IbCAD1 can be involved in JA- and SA-mediated wounding response and ABA-mediated cold response”
e1“sweetpotato suspension cells”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors propose that IbCAD1 contributes to stress resistance and tissue-specific developmental lignification.
- Taxon
- sweetpotatoIpomoea batatase1
- Gene
- IbCAD1e0
- Outcome
- resistance mechanism to biotic and abiotic stresses as well as in tissue-specific developmental lignificatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The IbCAD1 gene may play a role in the resistance mechanism to biotic and abiotic stresses as well as in tissue-specific developmental lignification.”
e1“sweetpotato suspension cells”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.