Abstract
SUMMARY Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are indispensable cell surface components of Gram-negative bacteria and have diverse roles in plant-microbe interactions. Treatment of Nicotiana tabacum with the LPS of an endophytic strain of Burkholderia cepacia results in an enhanced defensive capacity in the tissue. In this study the rapid and transient phosphorylation of an extracellular signal-regulated (ERK)-like mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase in response to LPS from B. cepacia (LPS(B.cep.)) elicitation is reported. Based on in-gel kinase assays it was found that this 43-kDa LPS(B.cep.)-responsive kinase is optimally activated following 7 min elicitation with 100 microg/mL LPS. Its identity as an ERK MAPK was supported by tyrosine-phosphorylated association with induction, immunodetection with pTEpY-specific MAPK antibodies and inhibition of phosphorylation by U0126, an upstream MAPKK inhibitor. The kinase utilized myelin basic protein, but not casein or histone, as substrate. Ca(2+) did not modulate the phosphorylation, nor did wounding. To date, other MAP kinases have been shown to act either independently or upstream from reactive oxygen intermediates produced during the oxidative burst. It was found that hydrogen peroxide is either not generated in leaf tissue in response to LPS elicitation or, if generated, does not trigger the phosphorylation of the kinase. Physicochemical characterization of the ERK-like MAPK indicated a molecular mass of 43 kDa and a pI of 6.3; two-dimensional gel analysis indicated two charge isomers. This is the first demonstration of such an LPS-responsive MAP kinase phosphorylation in plants.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
LPS from B. cepacia elicitation rapidly and transiently induced phosphorylation of an ERK-like MAP kinase in tobacco leaf tissue.
- Taxon
- tobacco
Nicotiana tabacumt0 - Organ / stage
- leaf tissuet0
- Treatment
- LPS from B. cepacia (LPS(B.cep.))e1
- Gene
- (ERK)-like mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinasee1
- Outcome
- phosphorylatione1
- Qualifier
- rapid and transiente1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tobacco leaf tissue”
e1“the rapid and transient phosphorylation of an extracellular signal-regulated (ERK)-like mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase in response to LPS from B. cepacia (LPS(B.cep.)) elicitation is reported”
Claim · model-written summary
The 43-kDa LPS(B.cep.)-responsive kinase was optimally activated after 7 min of elicitation with 100 microg/mL LPS.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- 100 microg/mL LPSe2
- Outcome
- 43-kDa LPS(B.cep.)-responsive kinasee2
- Direction
- optimally activatede2
- Value
- 7 mine2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tobacco leaf tissue”
e2“this 43-kDa LPS(B.cep.)-responsive kinase is optimally activated following 7 min elicitation with 100 microg/mL LPS”
Claim · model-written summary
The identity of the LPS-responsive kinase as an ERK MAPK was supported by tyrosine-phosphorylated association with induction, immunodetection and U0126 inhibition.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Gene
- ERK MAPKe3
- Outcome
- identity as an ERK MAPKe3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tobacco leaf tissue”
e3“Its identity as an ERK MAPK was supported by tyrosine-phosphorylated association with induction, immunodetection with pTEpY-specific MAPK antibodies and inhibition of phosphorylation by U0126, an upstream MAPKK inhibitor”
Claim · model-written summary
The LPS-responsive kinase utilized myelin basic protein but not casein or histone as substrate.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Outcome
- utilized myelin basic proteine4
- Comparator
- casein or histonee4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tobacco leaf tissue”
e4“The kinase utilized myelin basic protein, but not casein or histone, as substrate”
Claim · model-written summary
Ca(2+) did not modulate the phosphorylation of the kinase.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- Ca(2+)e5
- Outcome
- phosphorylatione5
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tobacco leaf tissue”
e5“Ca(2+) did not modulate the phosphorylation, nor did wounding”
Claim · model-written summary
Wounding did not modulate the phosphorylation of the kinase.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- woundinge5
- Outcome
- phosphorylatione5
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tobacco leaf tissue”
e5“Ca(2+) did not modulate the phosphorylation, nor did wounding”
Claim · model-written summary
Hydrogen peroxide was either not generated in leaf tissue in response to LPS elicitation or, if generated, did not trigger phosphorylation of the kinase.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Organ / stage
- leaf tissuee6
- Treatment
- LPS elicitatione6
- Compound
- hydrogen peroxidee6
- Outcome
- phosphorylation of the kinasee6
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tobacco leaf tissue”
e6“hydrogen peroxide is either not generated in leaf tissue in response to LPS elicitation or, if generated, does not trigger the phosphorylation of the kinase”
Claim · model-written summary
The ERK-like MAP kinase has a molecular mass of 43 kDa.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Gene
- ERK-like MAPKe7
- Outcome
- molecular masse7
- Value
- 43 kDae7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tobacco leaf tissue”
e7“Physicochemical characterization of the ERK-like MAPK indicated a molecular mass of 43 kDa and a pI of 6.3; two-dimensional gel analysis indicated two charge isomers”
Claim · model-written summary
The ERK-like MAP kinase has a pI of 6.3.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Gene
- ERK-like MAPKe7
- Outcome
- pIe7
- Value
- 6.3e7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tobacco leaf tissue”
e7“Physicochemical characterization of the ERK-like MAPK indicated a molecular mass of 43 kDa and a pI of 6.3; two-dimensional gel analysis indicated two charge isomers”
Claim · model-written summary
Two-dimensional gel analysis indicated two charge isomers of the ERK-like MAP kinase.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Gene
- ERK-like MAPKe7
- Outcome
- charge isomerse7
- Value
- twoe7
- Qualifier
- two-dimensional gel analysise7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“tobacco leaf tissue”
e7“Physicochemical characterization of the ERK-like MAPK indicated a molecular mass of 43 kDa and a pI of 6.3; two-dimensional gel analysis indicated two charge isomers”
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See all 21 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.