Abstract
Combinations of ethylene and methyl jasmonate (E/MeJA) synergistically induced members of both groups 1 and 5 of the pathogenesis-related (PR) superfamily of defense genes. E/MeJA caused a synergistic induction of PR-1b and osmotin (PR-5) mRNA accumulation in tobacco seedlings. E/MeJA also synergistically activated the osmotin promoter fused to a [beta]-glucuronidase marker gene in a tissue-specific manner. The E/MeJA responsiveness of the osmotin promoter was localized on a -248 to +45 fragment that exhibited responsiveness to several other inducers. E/MeJA induction also resulted in osmotin protein accumulation to levels similar to those induced by osmotic stress. Of the several known inducers of the osmotin gene, including salicylic acid (SA), fungal infection is the only other condition known to cause substantial osmotin protein accumulation in Wisconsin 38, a tobacco cultivar that does not respond hypersensitively to tobacco mosaic virus. Based on the ability of the protein kinase C inhibitor 1-(5-isoquinolinylsulfonyl)-2-methylpiperazine to block ethylene induction of PR-1b mRNA accumulation and its inability to block osmotin mRNA induction by ethylene, these two PR gene groups appeared to have at least partially separate signal transduction pathways. Stimulation of osmotin mRNA accumulation by okadaic acid indicated that another protein kinase system is involved in regulation of the osmotin gene. SA, which is known to induce pathogen resistance in tobacco, could not induce the osmotin gene as much as E/MeJA and neither could it induce PR-1b as much as SA and MeJA combined.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Ethylene and methyl jasmonate synergistically induced PR-1b and osmotin mRNA in tobacco seedlings.
- Taxon
- tobacco
Nicotiana tabacume0 - Treatment
- E/MeJAe0
- Outcome
- PR-1b and osmotin (PR-5) mRNA accumulatione0
- Direction
- synergistic inductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“E/MeJA caused a synergistic induction of PR-1b and osmotin (PR-5) mRNA accumulation in tobacco seedlings.”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethylene and methyl jasmonate synergistically activated an osmotin promoter reporter in a tissue-specific manner.
- Treatment
- E/MeJAe0
- Outcome
- the osmotin promoter fused to a [beta]-glucuronidase marker genee0
- Direction
- synergistically activatede0
- Qualifier
- tissue-specific mannere0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“E/MeJA also synergistically activated the osmotin promoter fused to a [beta]-glucuronidase marker gene in a tissue-specific manner.”
Claim · model-written summary
Osmotin promoter responsiveness localized to the -248 to +45 fragment.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“The E/MeJA responsiveness of the osmotin promoter was localized on a -248 to +45 fragment that exhibited responsiveness to several other inducers.”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethylene and methyl jasmonate induced osmotin protein accumulation to levels similar to osmotic stress.
- Treatment
- E/MeJA inductione0
- Outcome
- osmotin protein accumulatione0
- Direction
- similare0
- Comparator
- osmotic stresse0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“E/MeJA induction also resulted in osmotin protein accumulation to levels similar to those induced by osmotic stress.”
Claim · model-written summary
Fungal infection was the only other known condition producing substantial osmotin protein accumulation in Wisconsin 38.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume0
- Material
- Wisconsin 38e0
- Interactor
- fungal infectione0pathogen
- Outcome
- substantial osmotin protein accumulatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fungal infection is the only other condition known to cause substantial osmotin protein accumulation in Wisconsin 38, a tobacco cultivar that does not respond hypersensitively to tobacco mosaic virus.”
Claim · model-written summary
Wisconsin 38 did not respond hypersensitively to tobacco mosaic virus.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume0
- Material
- Wisconsin 38e0
- Interactor
- tobacco mosaic virus
Tobacco mosaic viruse0pathogen - Outcome
- does not respond hypersensitively to tobacco mosaic viruse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Wisconsin 38, a tobacco cultivar that does not respond hypersensitively to tobacco mosaic virus.”
Claim · model-written summary
Protein kinase C inhibition blocked ethylene induction of PR-1b mRNA but not osmotin mRNA.
- Treatment
- protein kinase C inhibitor 1-(5-isoquinolinylsulfonyl)-2-methylpiperazinee0
- Gene
- PR-1be0
- Outcome
- ethylene induction of PR-1b mRNA accumulatione0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“the protein kinase C inhibitor 1-(5-isoquinolinylsulfonyl)-2-methylpiperazine to block ethylene induction of PR-1b mRNA accumulation and its inability to block osmotin mRNA induction by ethylene”
Claim · model-written summary
The two PR gene groups appeared to have partly separate signaling pathways.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“these two PR gene groups appeared to have at least partially separate signal transduction pathways.”
Claim · model-written summary
Okadaic acid stimulated osmotin mRNA accumulation, suggesting another protein kinase system regulates osmotin.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Stimulation of osmotin mRNA accumulation by okadaic acid indicated that another protein kinase system is involved in regulation of the osmotin gene.”
Claim · model-written summary
Salicylic acid induced osmotin less than ethylene and methyl jasmonate.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume0
- Treatment
- SAe0
- Outcome
- osmotin genee0
- Direction
- could not inducee0
- Comparator
- E/MeJAe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“SA, which is known to induce pathogen resistance in tobacco, could not induce the osmotin gene as much as E/MeJA”
Claim · model-written summary
Salicylic acid induced PR-1b less than salicylic acid and methyl jasmonate combined.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“neither could it induce PR-1b as much as SA and MeJA combined.”
The same questions in other papers
(-)-methyl jasmonate · molecular: expression · Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco)Positive and negative results
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See all 13 papers →salicylic acid · molecular: expression · Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco)Positive and negative results
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See all 36 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.