Abstract
The effects of purified Helminthosporium maydis T (HmT) toxin on active Ca(2+) transport into isolated mitochondria and microsomal vesicles were compared for a susceptible (T) and a resistant (N) strain of corn (Zea mays). ATP, malate, NADH, or succinate could drive (45)Ca(2+) transport into mitochondria of corn roots. Ca(2+) uptake was dependent on the proton electrochemical gradient generated by the redox substrates or the reversible ATP synthetase, as oligomycin inhibited ATP-driven Ca(2+) uptake while KCN inhibited transport driven by the redox substrates. Purified native HmT toxin completely inhibited Ca(2+) transport into T mitochondria at 5 to 10 nanograms per milliliter while transport into N mitochondria was decreased slightly by 100 nanograms per milliliter toxin. Malate-driven Ca(2+) transport in T mitochondria was frequently more inhibited by 5 nanograms per milliliter toxin than succinate or ATP-driven Ca(2+) uptake. However, ATP-dependent Ca(2+) uptake into microsomal vesicles from either N or T corn was not inhibited by 100 nanograms per milliliter toxin. Similarly, toxin had no effect on proton gradient formation ([(14)C]methylamine accumulation) in microsomal vesicles. These results show that mitochondrial and not microsomal membrane is a primary site of HmT toxin action. HmT toxin may inhibit formation of or dissipate the electrochemical proton gradient generated by substrate-driven electron transport or the mitochondrial ATPase, after interacting with a component(s) of the mitochondrial membrane in susceptible corn.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
ATP, malate, NADH, and succinate drove calcium transport into corn root mitochondria.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse0 - Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Outcome
- (45)Ca(2+) transporte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ATP, malate, NADH, or succinate could drive (45)Ca(2+) transport into mitochondria of corn roots.”
Claim · model-written summary
Calcium uptake depended on a proton electrochemical gradient.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Outcome
- Ca(2+) uptakee0
- Qualifier
- proton electrochemical gradiente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ca(2+) uptake was dependent on the proton electrochemical gradient generated by the redox substrates or the reversible ATP synthetase”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Oligomycin inhibited ATP-driven calcium uptake.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- oligomycine0
- Outcome
- ATP-driven Ca(2+) uptakee0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“oligomycin inhibited ATP-driven Ca(2+) uptake”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
KCN inhibited redox-substrate-driven transport.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- KCNe0
- Outcome
- transport driven by the redox substratese0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“KCN inhibited transport driven by the redox substrates.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Native toxin completely inhibited calcium transport into susceptible mitochondria at 5 to 10 nanograms per milliliter.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Material
- Te0
- Treatment
- Purified native HmT toxine0
- Outcome
- Ca(2+) transport into T mitochondriae0
- Direction
- completely inhibitede0
- Value
- 5 to 10 nanograms per millilitere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Purified native HmT toxin completely inhibited Ca(2+) transport into T mitochondria at 5 to 10 nanograms per milliliter”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Transport into resistant mitochondria decreased slightly at 100 nanograms per milliliter toxin.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Material
- Ne0
- Treatment
- toxine0
- Outcome
- transport into N mitochondriae0
- Direction
- decreased slightlye0
- Value
- 100 nanograms per millilitere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“transport into N mitochondria was decreased slightly by 100 nanograms per milliliter toxin.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Malate-driven transport was often more inhibited than succinate or ATP-driven uptake at 5 nanograms per milliliter.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Material
- Te0
- Treatment
- 5 nanograms per milliliter toxine0
- Outcome
- Malate-driven Ca(2+) transporte0
- Direction
- more inhibitede0
- Comparator
- succinate or ATP-driven Ca(2+) uptakee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Malate-driven Ca(2+) transport in T mitochondria was frequently more inhibited by 5 nanograms per milliliter toxin than succinate or ATP-driven Ca(2+) uptake.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Toxin did not inhibit ATP-dependent calcium uptake in N or T microsomal vesicles at 100 nanograms per milliliter.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- 100 nanograms per milliliter toxine0
- Outcome
- ATP-dependent Ca(2+) uptakee0
- Direction
- not inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ATP-dependent Ca(2+) uptake into microsomal vesicles from either N or T corn was not inhibited by 100 nanograms per milliliter toxin.”
Claim · model-written summary
Toxin had no effect on microsomal proton gradient formation.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- toxine0
- Outcome
- proton gradient formatione0
- Direction
- no effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“toxin had no effect on proton gradient formation ([(14)C]methylamine accumulation) in microsomal vesicles.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
The mitochondrial membrane was identified as a primary toxin action site.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Outcome
- primary site of HmT toxin actione0
- Qualifier
- mitochondrial and not microsomal membranee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“mitochondrial and not microsomal membrane is a primary site of HmT toxin action.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Toxin may inhibit formation or dissipate the mitochondrial proton gradient after interacting with membrane components.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Outcome
- electrochemical proton gradiente0
- Qualifier
- after interacting with a component(s) of the mitochondrial membranee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“HmT toxin may inhibit formation of or dissipate the electrochemical proton gradient generated by substrate-driven electron transport or the mitochondrial ATPase, after interacting with a component(s) of the mitochondrial membrane in susceptible corn.”
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See all 77 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.