Abstract
Plant cell wall structure integrity and associated tissue mechanical properties is one of key determinants for the perceived texture of plant-based foods. Carrots (Daucus carota) were used to investigate the effect of mineral supply of boron (B) and/or calcium (Ca), during plant growth, on the plant cell wall structure and mechanical properties of matured root tissues. Five commercial cultivars of carrots, Kuroda (orange), Dragon Purple, Kuttiger White, Yellow, and Nutri-Red, were cultivated under controlled glasshouse conditions over two seasons. Significant increases in the accumulation of B and Ca were found for all cultivars of carrots when additional B and Ca were included in the nutrient feeding solutions throughout the plant growth period. Elevated levels of B in carrot root tissue reduced the uptake of Ca and other mineral nutrients and enhanced plant cell wall structural integrity, its resistance to fracture, and the weight and size (both diameter and length) of carrots. Although higher amounts of Ca were accumulated in the plant materials, the additional supply of Ca did not have a significant effect on the mechanical properties of mature plant tissues or on the uptake of B by the plant. The results suggest that B cross-linking of pectin (rhamnogalacturonan II) has a greater influence on mature tissue mechanical properties than Ca cross-linking of pectin (homogalacturonan) when supplied during plant growth.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Additional boron and calcium in nutrient solution significantly increased accumulation of both minerals across carrot cultivars.
- Taxon
- carrots
Daucus carotae0 - Treatment
- additional B and Cae0
- Outcome
- accumulation of B and Cae0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Qualifier
- all cultivarse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Significant increases in the accumulation of B and Ca were found for all cultivars of carrots when additional B and Ca were included in the nutrient feeding solutions throughout the plant growth period”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated boron in carrot roots reduced calcium and other mineral nutrient uptake.
- Taxon
- carrotDaucus carotae0
- Organ / stage
- root tissuee0
- Treatment
- Elevated levels of Be0
- Outcome
- uptake of Ca and other mineral nutrientse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Elevated levels of B in carrot root tissue reduced the uptake of Ca and other mineral nutrients”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated boron improved carrot cell wall structural integrity.
- Taxon
- carrotDaucus carotae0
- Organ / stage
- root tissuee0
- Treatment
- Elevated levels of Be0
- Outcome
- plant cell wall structural integritye0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Elevated levels of B in carrot root tissue reduced the uptake of Ca and other mineral nutrients and enhanced plant cell wall structural integrity”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated boron improved carrot tissue resistance to fracture.
- Taxon
- carrotDaucus carotae0
- Treatment
- Elevated levels of Be0
- Outcome
- resistance to fracturee0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Elevated levels of B in carrot root tissue reduced the uptake of Ca and other mineral nutrients and enhanced plant cell wall structural integrity, its resistance to fracture”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated boron increased carrot weight and size.
- Taxon
- carrotsDaucus carotae0
- Treatment
- Elevated levels of Be0
- Outcome
- weight and size (both diameter and length)e0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Elevated levels of B in carrot root tissue reduced the uptake of Ca and other mineral nutrients and enhanced plant cell wall structural integrity, its resistance to fracture, and the weight and size (both diameter and length) of carrots”
Claim · model-written summary
Additional calcium did not significantly affect mature carrot tissue mechanical properties.
- Taxon
- CarrotDaucus carotat0
- Treatment
- additional supply of Cae0
- Outcome
- mechanical properties of mature plant tissuese0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the additional supply of Ca did not have a significant effect on the mechanical properties of mature plant tissues or on the uptake of B by the plant”
t0“Carrot”
Claim · model-written summary
Additional calcium did not significantly affect boron uptake by carrots.
- Taxon
- CarrotDaucus carotat0
- Treatment
- additional supply of Cae0
- Outcome
- uptake of B by the plante0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the additional supply of Ca did not have a significant effect on the mechanical properties of mature plant tissues or on the uptake of B by the plant”
t0“Carrot”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer that boron cross-linking of pectin has greater influence on mature tissue mechanics than calcium cross-linking.
- Taxon
- CarrotDaucus carotat0
- Outcome
- mature tissue mechanical propertiese0
- Qualifier
- B cross-linking of pectin (rhamnogalacturonan II)e0
- Comparator
- Ca cross-linking of pectin (homogalacturonan)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“B cross-linking of pectin (rhamnogalacturonan II) has a greater influence on mature tissue mechanical properties than Ca cross-linking of pectin (homogalacturonan)”
t0“Carrot”
The same questions in other papers
calcium atom · nutrient: content · Daucus carota (carrot)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- no effect
calcium atom · molecular: metabolites · Daucus carota (carrot)Positive and negative results
3 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- no effect
- no effect
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.