Abstract
An experiment was undertaken during 2007–08 to study the effect of long-term fertilization and manuring on soil chemical and biological properties in Vertisol. The dynamics of soil characteristics was studied in the on-going longterm fertilizer experiment initiated in rainy (kharif) season 1988 at Akola, Maharashtra comprised 12 treatments including NPK levels with and without FYM, sulphur and zinc replicated four times in randomised block design. The manure and mineral fertilizers were given to sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] crop every year and only mineral fertilizers were applied to succeeding wheat (Triticum aestivum L. emend Fiori & Paol). Soil samples from all the treatments were collected from 0–20 cm depth. The chemical and biological soil characteristics were studied. Significantly highest increase in soil organic carbon and total nitrogen were recorded with 100% NPK + FYM @10 tonnes/ha. The availability of N, P, K, S, soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen, dehydrogenase assay and productivity of sorghum and wheat were significantly increased with the integrated application of organic manure (FYM @ 10 tonnes/ha) and mineral fertilizer (100% NPK) over control and other fertilizer treatments after 20 years of experimentation. Highly significant positive correlation of total productivity was observed with available K, N, and P, whereas moderately positive significant correlation was observed with organic carbon, total nitrogen and biological parameters.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by-nc-sa. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
100% NPK plus FYM produced the highest increase in soil organic carbon and total nitrogen.
- Treatment
- 100% NPK + FYM @10 tonnes/hae0
- Outcome
- soil organic carbon and total nitrogene0
- Direction
- highest increasee0
SorghumNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Significantly highest increase in soil organic carbon and total nitrogen were recorded with 100% NPK + FYM @10 tonnes/ha”
t0“sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)- wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Integrated FYM and NPK increased availability of N, P, K and S after 20 years.
- Treatment
- integrated application of organic manure (FYM @ 10 tonnes/ha) and mineral fertilizer (100% NPK)e0
- Outcome
- availability of N, P, K, Se0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- after 20 years of experimentatione0
- Comparator
- control and other fertilizer treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The availability of N, P, K, S, soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen, dehydrogenase assay and productivity of sorghum and wheat were significantly increased with the integrated application of organic manure (FYM @ 10 tonnes/ha) and mineral fertilizer (100% NPK) over control and other fertilizer treatments after 20 years of experimentation”
t0“sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)- wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Integrated FYM and NPK increased soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen.
- Treatment
- integrated application of organic manure (FYM @ 10 tonnes/ha) and mineral fertilizer (100% NPK)e0
- Outcome
- soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogene0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- control and other fertilizer treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen, dehydrogenase assay and productivity of sorghum and wheat were significantly increased with the integrated application of organic manure (FYM @ 10 tonnes/ha) and mineral fertilizer (100% NPK) over control and other fertilizer treatments after 20 years of experimentation”
t0“sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)- wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Integrated FYM and NPK increased soil dehydrogenase assay values.
- Treatment
- integrated application of organic manure (FYM @ 10 tonnes/ha) and mineral fertilizer (100% NPK)e0
- Outcome
- dehydrogenase assaye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- control and other fertilizer treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“dehydrogenase assay and productivity of sorghum and wheat were significantly increased with the integrated application of organic manure (FYM @ 10 tonnes/ha) and mineral fertilizer (100% NPK) over control and other fertilizer treatments after 20 years of experimentation”
t0“sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)- wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Integrated FYM and NPK increased sorghum productivity relative to control and other fertilizer treatments.
- Treatment
- integrated application of organic manure (FYM @ 10 tonnes/ha) and mineral fertilizer (100% NPK)e0
- Outcome
- productivity of sorghume0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- control and other fertilizer treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“productivity of sorghum and wheat were significantly increased with the integrated application of organic manure (FYM @ 10 tonnes/ha) and mineral fertilizer (100% NPK) over control and other fertilizer treatments after 20 years of experimentation”
Claim · model-written summary
Integrated FYM and NPK increased wheat productivity relative to control and other fertilizer treatments.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- integrated application of organic manure (FYM @ 10 tonnes/ha) and mineral fertilizer (100% NPK)e0
- Outcome
- productivity of sorghum and wheate0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- control and other fertilizer treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“productivity of sorghum and wheat were significantly increased with the integrated application of organic manure (FYM @ 10 tonnes/ha) and mineral fertilizer (100% NPK) over control and other fertilizer treatments after 20 years of experimentation”
Claim · model-written summary
Total productivity was strongly positively correlated with available K, N and P.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Highly significant positive correlation of total productivity was observed with available K, N, and P”
t0“sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)- wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Total productivity showed moderately positive significant correlations with organic carbon, total nitrogen and biological parameters.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“moderately positive significant correlation was observed with organic carbon, total nitrogen and biological parameters”
e1“total productivity”
t0“sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)- wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
The same questions in other papers
organic · yield · SorghumResults differ
19 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- no effect
- no effect
23 papers more in this group
See all 27 papers →fertilization · soil: biology · SorghumPositive and negative results
8 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- no effect
- negative
8 papers more in this group
See all 12 papers →organic · nutrient: content · SorghumPositive and negative results
12 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
10 papers more in this group
See all 14 papers →fertilization · nutrient: content · SorghumPositive and negative results
110 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- no effect
- negative
114 papers more in this group
See all 118 papers →organic · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
280 papers in the same direction as this paper · 35 in the opposite direction · 6 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- negative
- negative
318 papers more in this group
See all 322 papers →fertilization · yield · SorghumPositive and negative results
417 papers in the same direction as this paper · 21 in the opposite direction · 7 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- no effect
- no effect
442 papers more in this group
See all 446 papers →fertilization · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
3,114 papers in the same direction as this paper · 284 in the opposite direction · 39 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- positive
- no effect
3,434 papers more in this group
See all 3,438 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.