Abstract
In this investigation, productivity, sustainability and profitability of rice-wheat system were evaluated using the data of a long-term fertility experiment initiated during 1984 at Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India. Eight treatments (application of N, NP, PK, NK, NPK, NPK + Zn, NPK + FYM and control) were tested in randomized block design. Results revealed that application of NPK + FYM gave the highest and sustainable grain yields for rice, wheat and the system. None of the treatments except NPK + FYM was able to enhance the soil organic carbon content after 31 crop cycles over the initial level. Application of NPK + FYM was the most profitable treatment which provided the highest net return and B: C ratio for rice, wheat and the system. Trend analysis indicated that there were yield declines in all the treatments. Response to P, K and Zn in rice and wheat, and to FYM in terms of system productivity increased over the studied period. The results suggest that continuous application of NPK + FYM would sustain higher yields of rice and wheat over longer period of time with higher profits in rice-wheat system.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
NPK plus farmyard manure produced the highest sustainable rice grain yield.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Treatment
- NPK + FYMe0
- Outcome
- grain yieldse0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of NPK + FYM gave the highest and sustainable grain yields for rice, wheat and the system”
Claim · model-written summary
NPK plus farmyard manure produced the highest sustainable wheat grain yield.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- NPK + FYMe0
- Outcome
- grain yieldse0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of NPK + FYM gave the highest and sustainable grain yields for rice, wheat and the system”
Claim · model-written summary
Only NPK plus farmyard manure raised soil organic carbon over the initial level after 31 crop cycles.
Verbatim
e0“None of the treatments except NPK + FYM was able to enhance the soil organic carbon content after 31 crop cycles over the initial level”
t0“rice-wheat system”
Claim · model-written summary
NPK plus farmyard manure gave the highest net return for rice and wheat.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- NPK + FYMe0
- Outcome
- net returne0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of NPK + FYM was the most profitable treatment which provided the highest net return and B: C ratio for rice, wheat and the system.”
Claim · model-written summary
NPK plus farmyard manure gave the highest benefit-cost ratio for rice and wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- NPK + FYMe0
- Outcome
- B: C ratioe0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of NPK + FYM was the most profitable treatment which provided the highest net return and B: C ratio for rice, wheat and the system.”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield declined over time under all treatments.
Verbatim
e0“Trend analysis indicated that there were yield declines in all the treatments.”
t0“rice-wheat system”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice and wheat responses to P, K and Zn increased over the studied period.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- P, K and Zne0
- Outcome
- Response to P, K and Zne0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- over the studied periode0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Response to P, K and Zn in rice and wheat, and to FYM in terms of system productivity increased over the studied period.”
Claim · model-written summary
System productivity response to FYM increased over the studied period.
Verbatim
e0“Response to P, K and Zn in rice and wheat, and to FYM in terms of system productivity increased over the studied period.”
t0“rice-wheat system”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest continuous NPK plus farmyard manure for lasting higher rice and wheat yields and profits.
Verbatim
e0“continuous application of NPK + FYM would sustain higher yields of rice and wheat over longer period of time with higher profits in rice-wheat system”
The same questions in other papers
fertilization · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
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See all 3,438 papers →fertilization · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
3,182 papers in the same direction as this paper · 207 in the opposite direction · 65 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
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See all 3,455 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.