Abstract
BACKGROUND: Wheat aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is one of the major pests of winter wheat and has posed a significant threat to winter wheat production in China. Although neonicotinoid insecticidal seed treatments have been suggested to be a control method, the season-long efficacy on pests and the impact on their natural enemies are still uncertain. Experiments were conducted to determine the efficacy of imidacloprid and clothianidin on the control of aphids, the number of their natural enemies and the emergence rate and yield of wheat during 2011-2014. RESULTS: Imidacloprid and clothianidin seed treatments had no effect on the emergence rate of winter wheat and could prevent yield losses and wheat aphid infestations throughout the winter wheat growing season. Furthermore, their active ingredients were detected in winter wheat leaves up to 200 days after sowing. Imidacloprid and clothianidin seed treatments had no adverse effects on ladybirds, hoverflies or parasitoids, and instead increased the spider-aphid ratios. CONCLUSION: Wheat seeds treated with imidacloprid and clothianidin were effective against wheat aphids throughout the winter wheat growing season and reduced the yield loss under field conditions. Imidacloprid and clothianidin seed treatments may be an important component of the integrated management of wheat aphids on winter wheat. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Imidacloprid and clothianidin seed treatments no effect emergence rate in winter wheat.
- Taxon
- winter wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- Imidacloprid and clothianidin seed treatmentse0
- Outcome
- emergence ratee0
- Direction
- no effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Imidacloprid and clothianidin seed treatments had no effect on the emergence rate of winter wheat and could prevent yield losses and wheat aphid infestations throughout the winter wheat growing season.”
Claim · model-written summary
Imidacloprid and clothianidin seed treatments prevent yield losses in winter wheat.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Imidacloprid and clothianidin seed treatmentse0
- Outcome
- yield lossese0
- Direction
- prevente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Imidacloprid and clothianidin seed treatments had no effect on the emergence rate of winter wheat and could prevent yield losses and wheat aphid infestations throughout the winter wheat growing season.”
Claim · model-written summary
Imidacloprid and clothianidin seed treatments prevent wheat aphid infestations in winter wheat.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Imidacloprid and clothianidin seed treatmentse0
- Interactor
- wheat aphide0pest
- Outcome
- wheat aphid infestationse0
- Direction
- prevente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Imidacloprid and clothianidin seed treatments had no effect on the emergence rate of winter wheat and could prevent yield losses and wheat aphid infestations throughout the winter wheat growing season.”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed treatment active ingredients remained detectable in winter wheat leaves up to 200 days after sowing.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Organ / stage
- leavese1
- Outcome
- active ingredients were detectede1
- Value
- up to 200 days after sowinge1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“their active ingredients were detected in winter wheat leaves up to 200 days after sowing.”
Claim · model-written summary
The seed treatments had no adverse effect on ladybirds.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Imidacloprid and clothianidin seed treatmentse2
- Interactor
- ladybirdsCoccinellidaee2other
- Outcome
- ladybirdse2
- Direction
- no adverse effectse2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Imidacloprid and clothianidin seed treatments had no adverse effects on ladybirds, hoverflies or parasitoids, and instead increased the spider-aphid ratios.”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The seed treatments had no adverse effect on hoverflies.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Imidacloprid and clothianidin seed treatmentse2
- Outcome
- hoverfliese2
- Direction
- no adverse effectse2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Imidacloprid and clothianidin seed treatments had no adverse effects on ladybirds, hoverflies or parasitoids, and instead increased the spider-aphid ratios.”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The seed treatments had no adverse effect on parasitoids.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Imidacloprid and clothianidin seed treatmentse2
- Interactor
- parasitoidse2other
- Outcome
- parasitoidse2
- Direction
- no adverse effectse2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Imidacloprid and clothianidin seed treatments had no adverse effects on ladybirds, hoverflies or parasitoids, and instead increased the spider-aphid ratios.”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The seed treatments increased spider-aphid ratios.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Imidacloprid and clothianidin seed treatmentse2
- Interactor
- aphide2pest
- Second interactor
- spidere2other
- Outcome
- spider-aphid ratiose2
- Direction
- increasede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Imidacloprid and clothianidin seed treatments had no adverse effects on ladybirds, hoverflies or parasitoids, and instead increased the spider-aphid ratios.”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest these seed treatments for integrated wheat aphid management.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume3
- Interactor
- wheat aphidse3pest
- Outcome
- important component of the integrated management of wheat aphidse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Imidacloprid and clothianidin seed treatments may be an important component of the integrated management of wheat aphids on winter wheat.”
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See all 15 papers →clothianidin · pest · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results agree
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clothianidin · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results agree
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See all 293 papers →seed treatment · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
269 papers in the same direction as this paper · 31 in the opposite direction
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See all 301 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.